Question 1

Gene targeting:

Accepted Answer

A)  requires individuals that are homozygous for the knockout gene in every cell. 
B)  is usually studied in organisms in which the knockout gene is homozygous in only one cell type. 
C)  involves the study of knockout genes in the embryo-derived stem cells of mice. 
D)  is a fairly rapid process since it is conducted entirely in vitro. 
E)  involves the excision of the target genes, which are then "knocked out." 
A)  requires individuals that are homozygous for the knockout gene in every cell. 
B)  is usually studied in organisms in which the knockout gene is homozygous in only one cell type. 
C)  involves the study of knockout genes in the embryo-derived stem cells of mice. 
D)  is a fairly rapid process since it is conducted entirely in vitro. 
E)  involves the excision of the target genes, which are then "knocked out."

Question 2

MATCHING
Match the sequence of the steps for the Southern Blot assay.
a.visualize DNA fragments using UV light
d.place filter and radioactively labeled probe together in sealed bag
b.resulting radiograph shows hybridized DNA fragments
e.load DNA fragments on gel and separate by electrophoresis
c.blotting buffer transfers DNA fragments toDNA binding filter
-step2

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the sequence of the steps for...

Question 3

"Sticky ends" are:

Accepted Answer

A)  the single-stranded ends of a DNA segment created by some restriction enzymes. 
B)  a problem in recombinant DNA technology because they form loops of single-stranded DNA. 
C)  double-stranded ends of a DNA segment created by some restriction enzymes. 
D)  sites of the origin of replication in prokaryotes. 
E)  sugar molecules that are bound to the ends of a DNA fragment. 
A)  the single-stranded ends of a DNA segment created by some restriction enzymes. 
B)  a problem in recombinant DNA technology because they form loops of single-stranded DNA. 
C)  double-stranded ends of a DNA segment created by some restriction enzymes. 
D)  sites of the origin of replication in prokaryotes. 
E)  sugar molecules that are bound to the ends of a DNA fragment.

Question 4

Figure 15-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The columns in Figure 15-3 represent F (for female), C (for children), and M (for male).The presence of the band marked with arrow #1 shows that:

Accepted Answer

A)  this DNA sequence was inherited by both children from their father. 
B)  this DNA sequence was inherited by both children from their mother. 
C)  this DNA sequence was inherited by only one child from the father. 
D)  this DNA sequence was inherited by only one child from the mother. 
E)  individual M is not the father of these children. 
A)  this DNA sequence was inherited by both children from their father. 
B)  this DNA sequence was inherited by both children from their mother. 
C)  this DNA sequence was inherited by only one child from the father. 
D)  this DNA sequence was inherited by only one child from the mother. 
E)  individual M is not the father of these children.

Question 5

Why is insulin produced by genetically engineered E.coli cells superior to insulin obtained from animal sources?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animal insulin has a shorter life span than insulin produced using recombinant DNA techniques. 
B)  It contains human rather than animal sequences, reducing the chances of an allergic response. 
C)  Animal insulin is more difficult to purify than is recombinantly produced insulin. 
D)  Recombinantly produced insulin has a much higher activity level. 
E)  Recombinantly produced insulin is easier to obtain than insulin from animals. 
A)  Animal insulin has a shorter life span than insulin produced using recombinant DNA techniques. 
B)  It contains human rather than animal sequences, reducing the chances of an allergic response. 
C)  Animal insulin is more difficult to purify than is recombinantly produced insulin. 
D)  Recombinantly produced insulin has a much higher activity level. 
E)  Recombinantly produced insulin is easier to obtain than insulin from animals.

Question 6

A large number of copies of any DNA segment can be obtained by:

Accepted Answer

A)  introducing foreign DNA into a microorganism so that it can be replicated. 
B)  stimulating increased transcription of the appropriate sequence of mRNA. 
C)  stimulating increased translation of the appropriate DNA molecule. 
D)  inducing the production of DNA from proteins. 
E)  stimulating reverse transcription of tRNA. 
A)  introducing foreign DNA into a microorganism so that it can be replicated. 
B)  stimulating increased transcription of the appropriate sequence of mRNA. 
C)  stimulating increased translation of the appropriate DNA molecule. 
D)  inducing the production of DNA from proteins. 
E)  stimulating reverse transcription of tRNA.

Question 7

What is meant by a genetic shotgun?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Genetic shotguns a

Question 8

Transformation is a process whereby:

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria are transferred into plasmid cells. 
B)  viruses are transferred into bacterial cells. 
C)  plasmids are transferred into bacterial cells. 
D)  bacteria are transferred into viral cells. 
E)  plasmids are transferred into viral cells. 
A)  bacteria are transferred into plasmid cells. 
B)  viruses are transferred into bacterial cells. 
C)  plasmids are transferred into bacterial cells. 
D)  bacteria are transferred into viral cells. 
E)  plasmids are transferred into viral cells.

Question 9

An organism in which foreign genes have been incorporated is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)  recombinant organism. 
B)  transgene. 
C)  polymorphism 
D)  transgenic organism. 
E)  recombinant. 
A)  recombinant organism. 
B)  transgene. 
C)  polymorphism 
D)  transgenic organism. 
E)  recombinant.

Question 10

One feature of "engineered" plasmids that is helpful in the isolation and analysis of cloned DNA is:

Accepted Answer

A)  they can only handle DNA fragments of up to 10 kb. 
B)  that they are an integral part of all eukaryotic cells. 
C)  they contain no genetic material of their own so that the cloned fragment is truly isolated. 
D)  the presence of genes that allow transformed cells to survive on different media. 
E)  the base sequence of one strand reads the same asits complement 
A)  they can only handle DNA fragments of up to 10 kb. 
B)  that they are an integral part of all eukaryotic cells. 
C)  they contain no genetic material of their own so that the cloned fragment is truly isolated. 
D)  the presence of genes that allow transformed cells to survive on different media. 
E)  the base sequence of one strand reads the same asits complement

Question 11

In producing a genomic library, human DNA and plasmid DNA must first be treated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  the same restriction enzyme. 
B)  different restriction enzymes. 
C)  the same DNA ligase. 
D)  different DNA ligases. 
E)  cosmid cloning vectors 
A)  the same restriction enzyme. 
B)  different restriction enzymes. 
C)  the same DNA ligase. 
D)  different DNA ligases. 
E)  cosmid cloning vectors

Question 12

In the field of plant transgenics, the use of the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens has proven useful because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is not attacked by plant immune systems. 
B)  it has been genetically engineered to penetrate the plant cell wall. 
C)  it can directly modify the plant genome, causing it to make useful products for humans. 
D)  it is found naturally in almost all species of plants. 
E)  it is able to transfer a plasmid into host plant cells. 
A)  it is not attacked by plant immune systems. 
B)  it has been genetically engineered to penetrate the plant cell wall. 
C)  it can directly modify the plant genome, causing it to make useful products for humans. 
D)  it is found naturally in almost all species of plants. 
E)  it is able to transfer a plasmid into host plant cells.

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding cDNA libraries is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are usually double stranded DNA. 
B)  They are composed of DNA synthesized with the use of reverse transcriptase. 
C)  They are composed of DNA synthesized from an mRNA template. 
D)  They contain introns and exons. 
E)  They contain DNA that is complementary to the mRNA from which it was synthesized. 
A)  They are usually double stranded DNA. 
B)  They are composed of DNA synthesized with the use of reverse transcriptase. 
C)  They are composed of DNA synthesized from an mRNA template. 
D)  They contain introns and exons. 
E)  They contain DNA that is complementary to the mRNA from which it was synthesized.

Question 14

Identify two important proteins that are produced using genetic engineering techniques.Briefly discuss why the genetic engineering techniques used are preferred over the other methods of producing each of the proteins that you identified.

Accepted Answer

Insulin produced by genetic engineering

Question 15

The total DNA in a cell is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  genome. 
B)  cDNA. 
C)  library. 
D)  chromosomal DNA. 
E)  Human Genome project 
A)  genome. 
B)  cDNA. 
C)  library. 
D)  chromosomal DNA. 
E)  Human Genome project

Question 16

In polymerase chain reaction technology, the two strands of DNA are separated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  gel electrophoresis. 
B)  treating them with restriction enzymes. 
C)  centrifugation. 
D)  exposing them to high pH. 
E)  heating them. 
A)  gel electrophoresis. 
B)  treating them with restriction enzymes. 
C)  centrifugation. 
D)  exposing them to high pH. 
E)  heating them.

Question 17

How is reverse transcriptase used to clone genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reverse transcriptase is used to make a cDNA copy of an mRNA strand. 
B)  Reverse transcriptase is used to make a cloned DNA copy of a plasmid DNA molecule. 
C)  Reverse transcriptase is necessary to read the information contained on the cDNA molecule. 
D)  Reverse transcriptase transcribes RNA from cDNA in reverse order. 
E)  Reverse transcriptase transcribes cDNA into RNA without transcription of introns. 
A)  Reverse transcriptase is used to make a cDNA copy of an mRNA strand. 
B)  Reverse transcriptase is used to make a cloned DNA copy of a plasmid DNA molecule. 
C)  Reverse transcriptase is necessary to read the information contained on the cDNA molecule. 
D)  Reverse transcriptase transcribes RNA from cDNA in reverse order. 
E)  Reverse transcriptase transcribes cDNA into RNA without transcription of introns.

Question 18

If a protein-coding gene is identified, its function can be studied by using RNA interference to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  produce a RFLP 
B)  produce an EST 
C)  turn the gene on 
D)  turn the gene off 
E)  induce a mutation 
A)  produce a RFLP 
B)  produce an EST 
C)  turn the gene on 
D)  turn the gene off 
E)  induce a mutation

Question 19

A genomic library is a collection of:

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmid fragments that are spliced into DNA. 
B)  DNA fragments that are spliced into plasmids. 
C)  intron fragments that are spliced into plasmids. 
D)  exon fragments that are spliced into bacterial cells. 
E)  gene fragments that are spliced into main bacterial chromosome. 
A)  plasmid fragments that are spliced into DNA. 
B)  DNA fragments that are spliced into plasmids. 
C)  intron fragments that are spliced into plasmids. 
D)  exon fragments that are spliced into bacterial cells. 
E)  gene fragments that are spliced into main bacterial chromosome.

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning PCR is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  PCR can only be carried out if DNA polymerase is heat-resistant. 
B)  PCR is used to amplify tiny quantities of DNA in vitro. 
C)  PCR replicates specific DNA sequences. 
D)  PCR has applications for archaeology and crime scene analysis. 
E)  PCR utilizes a heat-sensitive Taq polymerase. 
A)  PCR can only be carried out if DNA polymerase is heat-resistant. 
B)  PCR is used to amplify tiny quantities of DNA in vitro. 
C)  PCR replicates specific DNA sequences. 
D)  PCR has applications for archaeology and crime scene analysis. 
E)  PCR utilizes a heat-sensitive Taq polymerase.

Exam 15: Dna Technology and Genomics

Gene targeting:

"Sticky ends" are:

Figure 15-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The columns in Figure 15-3 represent F (for female), C (for children), and M (for male).The presence of the band marked with arrow #1 shows that:

Why is insulin produced by genetically engineered E.coli cells superior to insulin obtained from animal sources?

A large number of copies of any DNA segment can be obtained by:

What is meant by a genetic shotgun?

Transformation is a process whereby:

An organism in which foreign genes have been incorporated is called a:

One feature of "engineered" plasmids that is helpful in the isolation and analysis of cloned DNA is:

In producing a genomic library, human DNA and plasmid DNA must first be treated with:

In the field of plant transgenics, the use of the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens has proven useful because:

Which of the following statements regarding cDNA libraries is false?

Identify two important proteins that are produced using genetic engineering techniques.Briefly discuss why the genetic engineering techniques used are preferred over the other methods of producing each of the proteins that you identified.

The total DNA in a cell is referred to as the:

In polymerase chain reaction technology, the two strands of DNA are separated by:

How is reverse transcriptase used to clone genes?

If a protein-coding gene is identified, its function can be studied by using RNA interference to __________.

A genomic library is a collection of:

Which of the following statements concerning PCR is false?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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