Question 1

An EPSP is an example of a graded potential.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Figure 41-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-When the membrane potential of a neuron reaches the threshold level:

Accepted Answer

A)  voltage-gated sodium channels open, and sodium diffuses out of the cell. 
B)  voltage-gated potassium channels open for a very brief period. 
C)  voltage-gated sodium channels close, so sodium cannot diffuse out of the cell. 
D)  the sodium channel protein changes its shape to open the gates of the channel. 
E)  the membrane potential is more negative than when at rest. 
A)  voltage-gated sodium channels open, and sodium diffuses out of the cell. 
B)  voltage-gated potassium channels open for a very brief period. 
C)  voltage-gated sodium channels close, so sodium cannot diffuse out of the cell. 
D)  the sodium channel protein changes its shape to open the gates of the channel. 
E)  the membrane potential is more negative than when at rest. D

Question 3

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-receives stimuli

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Figure 41-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Each structure labeled 4 in Figure 41-1 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a node of Ranvier. 
B)  a cell body. 
C)  a dendrite. 
D)  a synaptic terminal. 
E)  an axon. 
A)  a node of Ranvier. 
B)  a cell body. 
C)  a dendrite. 
D)  a synaptic terminal. 
E)  an axon.

Question 5

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-a Schwann cell may form this

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with...

Question 6

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-a gap between two specific types of glial cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with...

Question 7

Which of the following would not be considered part of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  the eyes 
B)  the spinal cord 
C)  afferent neurons 
D)  the ears 
E)  efferent neurons 
A)  the eyes 
B)  the spinal cord 
C)  afferent neurons 
D)  the ears 
E)  efferent neurons

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the speed of impulse conduction in a neuron is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Longer axons can transmit impulses faster than shorter ones. 
B)  Unmyelinated axons transmit impulses faster than myelinated ones. 
C)  Shorter axons can transmit impulses faster than longer ones. 
D)  Nerve impulses travel faster than the speed of light. 
E)  Unmyelinated axons with larger diameters transmit impulses faster than ones with small diameters. 
A)  Longer axons can transmit impulses faster than shorter ones. 
B)  Unmyelinated axons transmit impulses faster than myelinated ones. 
C)  Shorter axons can transmit impulses faster than longer ones. 
D)  Nerve impulses travel faster than the speed of light. 
E)  Unmyelinated axons with larger diameters transmit impulses faster than ones with small diameters.

Question 9

Any type of stimulus can alter resting potential by increasing the permeability of the membrane to:

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium. 
B)  sodium. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  neurotransmitters. 
E)  enkephalins. 
A)  potassium. 
B)  sodium. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  neurotransmitters. 
E)  enkephalins.

Question 10

Axons transmit neural impulses toward the cell body.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-an oligodendrocyte may form this

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with...

Question 12

An example of an effector is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  sense organ 
B)  efferent neuron 
C)  afferent neuron 
D)  muscle 
E)  interneuron 
A)  sense organ 
B)  efferent neuron 
C)  afferent neuron 
D)  muscle 
E)  interneuron

Question 13

The resting potential of a typical neuron is approximately +70 mV.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-serotonin is released from here into the synaptic cleft

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with...

Question 15

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-neurotransmitters are stored here

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with...

Question 16

Which of the following events concerning a response to a stimulus comes first?

Accepted Answer

A)  transmission 
B)  reception 
C)  action by effectors 
D)  involvement of the brain and spinal cord 
E)  integration 
A)  transmission 
B)  reception 
C)  action by effectors 
D)  involvement of the brain and spinal cord 
E)  integration

Question 17

How is summation related to IPSPs and EPSPs? What is the difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Individual IPSPs o

Question 18

Repolarization of a postsynaptic cell can occur when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a high enough concentration of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. 
B)  neurotransmitters undergo exocytosis from the presynaptic cell. 
C)  enzymes degrade neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. 
D)  neurotransmitters are not removed from their receptors. 
E)  neurotransmitters undergo reuptake at the postsynaptic cell. 
A)  there is a high enough concentration of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. 
B)  neurotransmitters undergo exocytosis from the presynaptic cell. 
C)  enzymes degrade neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. 
D)  neurotransmitters are not removed from their receptors. 
E)  neurotransmitters undergo reuptake at the postsynaptic cell.

Question 19

Figure 41-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-In Figure 41-3, point A is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the resting state. 
B)  indicative of repolarization. 
C)  the threshold level. 
D)  the equilibrium potential. 
E)  indicative of hyperpolarization. 
A)  the resting state. 
B)  indicative of repolarization. 
C)  the threshold level. 
D)  the equilibrium potential. 
E)  indicative of hyperpolarization.

Question 20

Arrange the events of a second messenger system in the correct order. 1)
Protein kinase is activated
2)
G protein is activated
3)
Neurotransmitter binds to its receptor
4)
Protein closes potassium channel
5)
Cyclic AMP is produced
6)
Phosphorylation takes place

Accepted Answer

A)  1$\rightarrow$2 $\rightarrow$ 5 $\rightarrow$ 6 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$3 
B)  3 $\rightarrow$ 5 $\rightarrow$6 $\rightarrow$ 1$\rightarrow$ 2 $\rightarrow$ 4 
C)  5 $\rightarrow$ 2 $\rightarrow$6 $\rightarrow$1 $\rightarrow$ 3 $\rightarrow$ 4 
D)  3 $\rightarrow$2$\rightarrow$5 $\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 6 $\rightarrow$ 4 
E)  5 $\rightarrow$2 $\rightarrow$6 $\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$ 3 
A)  1$\rightarrow$2 $\rightarrow$ 5 $\rightarrow$ 6 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$3 
B)  3 $\rightarrow$ 5 $\rightarrow$6 $\rightarrow$ 1$\rightarrow$ 2 $\rightarrow$ 4 
C)  5 $\rightarrow$ 2 $\rightarrow$6 $\rightarrow$1 $\rightarrow$ 3 $\rightarrow$ 4 
D)  3 $\rightarrow$2$\rightarrow$5 $\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 6 $\rightarrow$ 4 
E)  5 $\rightarrow$2 $\rightarrow$6 $\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$ 3

Exam 41: Neural Signaling

An EPSP is an example of a graded potential. ____________________

Figure 41-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -When the membrane potential of a neuron reaches the threshold level:

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -receives stimuli

Figure 41-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Each structure labeled 4 in Figure 41-1 is:

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -a Schwann cell may form this

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -a gap between two specific types of glial cells

Which of the following would not be considered part of the peripheral nervous system?

Which of the following statements about the speed of impulse conduction in a neuron is true?

Any type of stimulus can alter resting potential by increasing the permeability of the membrane to:

Axons transmit neural impulses toward the cell body. ____________________

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -an oligodendrocyte may form this

An example of an effector is a(n):

The resting potential of a typical neuron is approximately +70 mV. ____________________

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -serotonin is released from here into the synaptic cleft

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -neurotransmitters are stored here

Which of the following events concerning a response to a stimulus comes first?

How is summation related to IPSPs and EPSPs? What is the difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?

Repolarization of a postsynaptic cell can occur when:

Figure 41-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -In Figure 41-3, point A is:

Arrange the events of a second messenger system in the correct order. 1) Protein kinase is activated 2) G protein is activated 3) Neurotransmitter binds to its receptor 4) Protein closes potassium channel 5) Cyclic AMP is produced 6) Phosphorylation takes place

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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