Question 1

Monoclonal antibodies:

Accepted Answer

A)  have been linked as causative agents in some types of cancer. 
B)  are only produced by harvesting B cells from mice exposed to particular antigens. 
C)  include hCG, a component of commonly used home pregnancy tests. 
D)  are very specific for their target antigen, but are somewhat difficult to purify. 
E)  are produced by millions of genes. 
A)  have been linked as causative agents in some types of cancer. 
B)  are only produced by harvesting B cells from mice exposed to particular antigens. 
C)  include hCG, a component of commonly used home pregnancy tests. 
D)  are very specific for their target antigen, but are somewhat difficult to purify. 
E)  are produced by millions of genes. C

Question 2

Which of the following statements concerning pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are features of pathogens recognized by cells of animals. 
B)  They trigger activation of phagocytes. 
C)  They react with specific receptors on host cells. 
D)  They are found on all microbes except viruses. 
E)  An example is the peptidoglycan of grampositive bacteria. 
A)  They are features of pathogens recognized by cells of animals. 
B)  They trigger activation of phagocytes. 
C)  They react with specific receptors on host cells. 
D)  They are found on all microbes except viruses. 
E)  An example is the peptidoglycan of grampositive bacteria. D

Question 3

________ are responsible for cell mediated immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural killer cells 
B)  Monocytes 
C)  Cells that mature in the thymus 
D)  B cells 
E)  Cells that mature in the bone marrow 
A)  Natural killer cells 
B)  Monocytes 
C)  Cells that mature in the thymus 
D)  B cells 
E)  Cells that mature in the bone marrow C

Question 4

A large group of molecules involved in signaling and regulation of defense responses are:

Accepted Answer

A)  complement. 
B)  prostaglandins. 
C)  opsonins. 
D)  cytokines. 
E)  histamines. 
A)  complement. 
B)  prostaglandins. 
C)  opsonins. 
D)  cytokines. 
E)  histamines.

Question 5

MATCHING
Match the immune cell with the description
a.Antigen presenting cells
d.CD4
b.Progenitor of all lymphocytes
e.Differentiates into plasma cell
c.CD8
-T helper cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the immune cell with the description
a.Antigen...

Question 6

A baby born without a thymus:

Accepted Answer

A)  would not have an antibody mediated immune response. 
B)  would not produce lymphocytes. 
C)  would not produce immunocompetent T cells. 
D)  will lack the ability to mount an immune response. 
E)  will lack antigen presenting cells. 
A)  would not have an antibody mediated immune response. 
B)  would not produce lymphocytes. 
C)  would not produce immunocompetent T cells. 
D)  will lack the ability to mount an immune response. 
E)  will lack antigen presenting cells.

Question 7

MATCHING
Match the immune cell with the description
a.Antigen presenting cells
d.CD4
b.Progenitor of all lymphocytes
e.Differentiates into plasma cell
c.CD8
-B cell

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the immune cell with the description
a.Antigen...

Question 8

Explain why transplanted organs are often rejected by their hosts.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Every individual c

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the immune system is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory cells are involved in a primary immune response. 
B)  Dendritic cells were first identified in the nervous system. 
C)  Interferons are specific proteins that block cell replication at the level of mitosis. 
D)  Natural killer cells are involved in both specific and nonspecific immune responses. 
E)  Defensins are one type of protective protein synthesized by T helper cells. 
A)  Memory cells are involved in a primary immune response. 
B)  Dendritic cells were first identified in the nervous system. 
C)  Interferons are specific proteins that block cell replication at the level of mitosis. 
D)  Natural killer cells are involved in both specific and nonspecific immune responses. 
E)  Defensins are one type of protective protein synthesized by T helper cells.

Question 10

Figure 45-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The response represented by the dashed line in Figure 45-1 indicates:

Accepted Answer

A)  a secondary response to the initial antigen. 
B)  a primary response to the initial antigen. 
C)  a secondary response to an antigen distinctly different from the initial antigen. 
D)  a primary response to an antigen distinctly different from the initial antigen. 
E)  a secondary response equivalent to a primary respnse 
A)  a secondary response to the initial antigen. 
B)  a primary response to the initial antigen. 
C)  a secondary response to an antigen distinctly different from the initial antigen. 
D)  a primary response to an antigen distinctly different from the initial antigen. 
E)  a secondary response equivalent to a primary respnse

Question 11

Which cells stimulate B cells to divide and produce antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  mast cells 
B)  macrophages 
C)  NK cells 
D)  TC cells 
E)  TH cells 
A)  mast cells 
B)  macrophages 
C)  NK cells 
D)  TC cells 
E)  TH cells

Question 12

The part of the antibody that binds an antigen:

Accepted Answer

A)  is known as the Fc fragment. 
B)  is called an epitope. 
C)  makes up the tail of the Y-shaped molecule. 
D)  recognizes the antigenic determinant of that antigen. 
E)  is known as the constant segment. 
A)  is known as the Fc fragment. 
B)  is called an epitope. 
C)  makes up the tail of the Y-shaped molecule. 
D)  recognizes the antigenic determinant of that antigen. 
E)  is known as the constant segment.

Question 13

All of the following are nonspecific defense mechanisms or barriers used by an animal except:

Accepted Answer

A)  acid secretions of the stomach. 
B)  inflammation. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  mucus in the respiratory tract. 
E)  skin. 
A)  acid secretions of the stomach. 
B)  inflammation. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  mucus in the respiratory tract. 
E)  skin.

Question 14

__________ are antibodies that activate the complement system.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG and IgM 
B)  IgA and IgD 
C)  IgD and IgG 
D)  IgE and IgM 
E)  IgA and IgE 
A)  IgG and IgM 
B)  IgA and IgD 
C)  IgD and IgG 
D)  IgE and IgM 
E)  IgA and IgE

Question 15

Allergy is a ________ response to __________ antigens.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypersensitive; environmental 
B)  hyposensitive; cellular 
C)  normal level; microbial 
D)  mixed; protein 
E)  mixed; microbial 
A)  hypersensitive; environmental 
B)  hyposensitive; cellular 
C)  normal level; microbial 
D)  mixed; protein 
E)  mixed; microbial

Question 16

_______ are responsible for antibody-mediated immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural killer cells 
B)  Macrophages 
C)  T cells 
D)  B cells 
E)  Dendritic cells 
A)  Natural killer cells 
B)  Macrophages 
C)  T cells 
D)  B cells 
E)  Dendritic cells

Question 17

MATCHING
Match the immune cell with the description
a.Antigen presenting cells
d.CD4
b.Progenitor of all lymphocytes
e.Differentiates into plasma cell
c.CD8
-Cytotoxic cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the immune cell with the description
a.Antigen...

Question 18

Which of the following complete their maturation in the thymus gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic T cells only 
B)  helper T cells only 
C)  B cells only 
D)  both cytotoxic and helper T cells 
E)  cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells and B cells 
A)  cytotoxic T cells only 
B)  helper T cells only 
C)  B cells only 
D)  both cytotoxic and helper T cells 
E)  cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells and B cells

Question 19

Figure 45-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Based on the graph in Figure 45-1, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The primary response to the initial injection subsided after seven weeks. 
B)  The primary response to the initial injection peaked at 102 antibody units. 
C)  The primary response to the initial injection was faster, but not as intense as the secondary response. 
D)  The secondary response to the initial antigen was both faster and more intense than the primary response. 
E)  The primary and secondary responses to the initial antigen were about equal. 
A)  The primary response to the initial injection subsided after seven weeks. 
B)  The primary response to the initial injection peaked at 102 antibody units. 
C)  The primary response to the initial injection was faster, but not as intense as the secondary response. 
D)  The secondary response to the initial antigen was both faster and more intense than the primary response. 
E)  The primary and secondary responses to the initial antigen were about equal.

Question 20

The phagocyte that kills about 20 bacteria before dying is the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  eosinophils 
B)  macrophage 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  dendritic cell 
E)  basophils 
A)  eosinophils 
B)  macrophage 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  dendritic cell 
E)  basophils

Exam 45: The Immune System: Internal Defense

Monoclonal antibodies:

Which of the following statements concerning pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) is false?

________ are responsible for cell mediated immunity.

A large group of molecules involved in signaling and regulation of defense responses are:

MATCHING Match the immune cell with the description a.Antigen presenting cells d.CD4 b.Progenitor of all lymphocytes e.Differentiates into plasma cell c.CD8 -T helper cells

A baby born without a thymus:

MATCHING Match the immune cell with the description a.Antigen presenting cells d.CD4 b.Progenitor of all lymphocytes e.Differentiates into plasma cell c.CD8 -B cell

Explain why transplanted organs are often rejected by their hosts.

Which of the following statements about the immune system is correct?

Figure 45-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The response represented by the dashed line in Figure 45-1 indicates:

Which cells stimulate B cells to divide and produce antibodies?

The part of the antibody that binds an antigen:

All of the following are nonspecific defense mechanisms or barriers used by an animal except:

__________ are antibodies that activate the complement system.

Allergy is a ________ response to __________ antigens.

_______ are responsible for antibody-mediated immunity.

MATCHING Match the immune cell with the description a.Antigen presenting cells d.CD4 b.Progenitor of all lymphocytes e.Differentiates into plasma cell c.CD8 -Cytotoxic cells

Which of the following complete their maturation in the thymus gland?

Figure 45-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Based on the graph in Figure 45-1, which of the following statements is true?

The phagocyte that kills about 20 bacteria before dying is the __________.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Allergy is a response to __ antigens.