Question 1

Which of the following cell types is long lived and continues to produce antibody?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic T cells 
B)  memory B cells 
C)  T helper cells 
D)  plasma cells 
E)  macrophages 
A)  cytotoxic T cells 
B)  memory B cells 
C)  T helper cells 
D)  plasma cells 
E)  macrophages

Question 2

T cells that react with self antigens are destroyed through:

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  macrophages. 
C)  perforins. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  receptor mediated endocytosis. 
A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  macrophages. 
C)  perforins. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  receptor mediated endocytosis.

Question 3

Figure 45-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Vaccinations against chicken pox provide individuals with __________ immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  active natural 
B)  active artificial 
C)  passive natural 
D)  passive artificial 
E)  cell-mediated 
A)  active natural 
B)  active artificial 
C)  passive natural 
D)  passive artificial 
E)  cell-mediated

Question 4

Antibody diversity is due to genetic influences on the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fc region. 
B)  heavy chain. 
C)  variable region. 
D)  light chain. 
E)  constant region. 
A)  Fc region. 
B)  heavy chain. 
C)  variable region. 
D)  light chain. 
E)  constant region.

Question 5

Which of the following is not considered a component of innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)  the skin 
B)  an antibody 
C)  a cuticle 
D)  the inflammatory response 
E)  phagocytosis 
A)  the skin 
B)  an antibody 
C)  a cuticle 
D)  the inflammatory response 
E)  phagocytosis

Question 6

Which of the following statements concerning tumor necrosis factors (TNF) is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  TNF can be secreted by macrophages. 
B)  TNF may stimulate the inflammatory response. 
C)  The release of large amounts of TNF brings down a high fever. 
D)  TNF kills cancer cells. 
E)  TNF can be secreted by lymphocytes. 
A)  TNF can be secreted by macrophages. 
B)  TNF may stimulate the inflammatory response. 
C)  The release of large amounts of TNF brings down a high fever. 
D)  TNF kills cancer cells. 
E)  TNF can be secreted by lymphocytes.

Question 7

The simplest animals to show leukocytes with limited immune function are:

Accepted Answer

A)  echinoderms and tunicates. 
B)  cephalopods. 
C)  arthropods. 
D)  vertebrates. 
E)  mammals. 
A)  echinoderms and tunicates. 
B)  cephalopods. 
C)  arthropods. 
D)  vertebrates. 
E)  mammals.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about HIV is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV infection results in a dramatic decline in the helper T cell population. 
B)  The first cells targeted by HIV are dendritic cells. 
C)  Cytotoxic T cells are the main cells that attack HIV. 
D)  Dendritic cells transport HIV from the mucosa to the lymph nodes. 
E)  HIV attaches to the CD4 component of TH cells. 
A)  HIV infection results in a dramatic decline in the helper T cell population. 
B)  The first cells targeted by HIV are dendritic cells. 
C)  Cytotoxic T cells are the main cells that attack HIV. 
D)  Dendritic cells transport HIV from the mucosa to the lymph nodes. 
E)  HIV attaches to the CD4 component of TH cells.

Question 9

Active immunity occurs after transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

For a donor organ not to be rejected by the recipient:

Accepted Answer

A)  the MHC complexes should be compatible. 
B)  the recipient's plasma cells would be inactivated. 
C)  the recipient's passive immunity pathway would be activated. 
D)  the NK cells of the recipient would be inactivated. 
E)  the cytotoxic T cells would be inactivated. 
A)  the MHC complexes should be compatible. 
B)  the recipient's plasma cells would be inactivated. 
C)  the recipient's passive immunity pathway would be activated. 
D)  the NK cells of the recipient would be inactivated. 
E)  the cytotoxic T cells would be inactivated.

Question 11

B cells:

Accepted Answer

A)  are produced in the adult spleen. 
B)  lyse bacterial cell walls by secreting digestive enzymes. 
C)  can become plasma cells, which produce interleukins. 
D)  undergo clonal selection once activated. 
E)  stimulate apoptosis. 
A)  are produced in the adult spleen. 
B)  lyse bacterial cell walls by secreting digestive enzymes. 
C)  can become plasma cells, which produce interleukins. 
D)  undergo clonal selection once activated. 
E)  stimulate apoptosis.

Question 12

MATCHING
Match the immune cell with the description
a.Antigen presenting cells
d.CD4
b.Progenitor of all lymphocytes
e.Differentiates into plasma cell
c.CD8
-Explain what occurs during the inflammatory response and how it is a protective mechanism.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Bradykinin, histam

Question 13

Before a pathogen can be destroyed in the antibody-mediated process, a T helper cell must recognize an __________ on the surface of a macrophage.

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen-MHC complex 
B)  antibody 
C)  interleukin 
D)  HLA group 
E)  antigen 
A)  antigen-MHC complex 
B)  antibody 
C)  interleukin 
D)  HLA group 
E)  antigen

Question 14

Why are corneal transplants so successful?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corneas of all individuals tend to display the same MHC antigens. 
B)  The corneas of pigs are so similar to those of humans, xenotransplantation is almost always successful. 
C)  Doctors have perfected the technique for transplanting corneas. 
D)  The tissue is not exposed to lymphocytes. 
E)  There are numerous donors of corneas, so the success rate of transplantation is high. 
A)  Corneas of all individuals tend to display the same MHC antigens. 
B)  The corneas of pigs are so similar to those of humans, xenotransplantation is almost always successful. 
C)  Doctors have perfected the technique for transplanting corneas. 
D)  The tissue is not exposed to lymphocytes. 
E)  There are numerous donors of corneas, so the success rate of transplantation is high.

Question 15

The leukocytes that are involved in nonspecifically killing altered self-cells, such as tumor cells and virus infected cells, are the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  monocytes 
B)  natural killer cells 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  B cells 
E)  eosinophils 
A)  monocytes 
B)  natural killer cells 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  B cells 
E)  eosinophils

Question 16

__________ are antigen-presenting cells in the immune system.

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural killer cells 
B)  Plasma cells 
C)  Macrophages 
D)  T helper cells 
E)  Cytotoxic T cells 
A)  Natural killer cells 
B)  Plasma cells 
C)  Macrophages 
D)  T helper cells 
E)  Cytotoxic T cells

Question 17

Specific immune responses are also referred to as innate immunity.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Interleukins activate and direct the movement of white blood cells from the blood to the tissues.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Figure 45-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The immune system component with a principal role at point B in Figure 45-1 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  memory cells. 
B)  IgM antibodies. 
C)  IgG antibodies. 
D)  cytotoxic T cells. 
E)  antibody IgA. 
A)  memory cells. 
B)  IgM antibodies. 
C)  IgG antibodies. 
D)  cytotoxic T cells. 
E)  antibody IgA.

Question 20

What class of antibodies is normally found in the mucosa of the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgM 
A)  IgA 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgM

Exam 45: The Immune System: Internal Defense

Which of the following cell types is long lived and continues to produce antibody?

T cells that react with self antigens are destroyed through:

Figure 45-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Vaccinations against chicken pox provide individuals with __________ immunity.

Antibody diversity is due to genetic influences on the:

Which of the following is not considered a component of innate immunity?

Which of the following statements concerning tumor necrosis factors (TNF) is false?

The simplest animals to show leukocytes with limited immune function are:

Which of the following statements about HIV is false?

Active immunity occurs after transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus. ____________________

For a donor organ not to be rejected by the recipient:

B cells:

MATCHING Match the immune cell with the description a.Antigen presenting cells d.CD4 b.Progenitor of all lymphocytes e.Differentiates into plasma cell c.CD8 -Explain what occurs during the inflammatory response and how it is a protective mechanism.

Before a pathogen can be destroyed in the antibody-mediated process, a T helper cell must recognize an __________ on the surface of a macrophage.

Why are corneal transplants so successful?

The leukocytes that are involved in nonspecifically killing altered self-cells, such as tumor cells and virus infected cells, are the __________.

__________ are antigen-presenting cells in the immune system.

Specific immune responses are also referred to as innate immunity. ____________________

Interleukins activate and direct the movement of white blood cells from the blood to the tissues. ____________________

Figure 45-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The immune system component with a principal role at point B in Figure 45-1 is:

What class of antibodies is normally found in the mucosa of the respiratory tract?

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Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

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Cell Communication

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How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

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Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

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Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

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The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

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Understanding Diversity: Systematics

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Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

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Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

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