Question 1

Cells become progressively committed to specific patterns of gene activity and developmental fate through a process known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  morphogenesis. 
B)  determination. 
C)  cell differentiation. 
D)  nonspecific differentiation. 
E)  growth. 
A)  morphogenesis. 
B)  determination. 
C)  cell differentiation. 
D)  nonspecific differentiation. 
E)  growth. B

Question 2

The only known source of human embryonic stem cells is:

Accepted Answer

A)  placental tissue. 
B)  umbilical cords. 
C)  early human embryos. 
D)  brain tissue. 
E)  nerve tissue. 
A)  placental tissue. 
B)  umbilical cords. 
C)  early human embryos. 
D)  brain tissue. 
E)  nerve tissue. C

Question 3

Pattern formation includes signaling between cells, changes in cell shape, and cell apoptosis.
_________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Developmental Drosophila genes, that when mutated cause the loss of alternate segments in the larva, are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  embryonic segment genes. 
B)  larval segmentation genes. 
C)  segment polarity genes. 
D)  pair-rule genes. 
E)  gap genes. 
A)  embryonic segment genes. 
B)  larval segmentation genes. 
C)  segment polarity genes. 
D)  pair-rule genes. 
E)  gap genes.

Question 5

What would be the consequence of removing a founder cell early in the development of Caenorhabditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The organism would continue to develop normally. 
B)  The organism would develop normally but would be slightly smaller. 
C)  The organism would not develop at all. 
D)  The organism would be a hermaphrodite. 
E)  The structures that normally develop from that cell would be missing. 
A)  The organism would continue to develop normally. 
B)  The organism would develop normally but would be slightly smaller. 
C)  The organism would not develop at all. 
D)  The organism would be a hermaphrodite. 
E)  The structures that normally develop from that cell would be missing.

Question 6

What characteristics of Caenorhabditis elegans make it useful in molecular genetics studies?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Caenorhabditis has

Question 7

Figure 17-4
Use this figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-In Figure 17-1, the purpose of electrical shock at the stage of the process labeled A is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  kill the egg cell nucleus. 
B)  initiate fusion of the two cells. 
C)  stimulate cell division. 
D)  induce mutations. 
E)  initiate apoptosis. 
A)  kill the egg cell nucleus. 
B)  initiate fusion of the two cells. 
C)  stimulate cell division. 
D)  induce mutations. 
E)  initiate apoptosis.

Question 8

When the human gene coding for insulin is introduced into a mouse embryo, the gene is correctly expressed in the appropriate tissue.This shows that:

Accepted Answer

A)  tissue-specific gene expression is highly conserved during evolution. 
B)  the introduced gene was edited by the mouse embryo for proper function. 
C)  the introduced gene was exactly the same as the mouse gene for insulin. 
D)  mice and humans are not closely related. 
E)  mouse genes are not tissue specific. 
A)  tissue-specific gene expression is highly conserved during evolution. 
B)  the introduced gene was edited by the mouse embryo for proper function. 
C)  the introduced gene was exactly the same as the mouse gene for insulin. 
D)  mice and humans are not closely related. 
E)  mouse genes are not tissue specific.

Question 9

Human therapeutic cloning would involve all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  duplicating cells for scientific study. 
B)  duplicating cells for medical purposes. 
C)  making a new genetically identical individual. 
D)  transplanting the nucleus from a sick person into an enucleated egg cell. 
E)  extracting ES cells from an embryo. 
A)  duplicating cells for scientific study. 
B)  duplicating cells for medical purposes. 
C)  making a new genetically identical individual. 
D)  transplanting the nucleus from a sick person into an enucleated egg cell. 
E)  extracting ES cells from an embryo.

Question 10

Scientists were able to produce induced pluripotent stem cells by introducing key DNA factors into mature mouse fibroblasts and human skin cells.
_________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Gap genes of Drosophila embryos:

Accepted Answer

A)  organize the embryo into broad regions and influence the activity of pair-rule genes. 
B)  are missing from the chromosomes of mutant flies. 
C)  are genes that have moved to gaps on other chromosome during meiosis. 
D)  cause gaps in the cell cycle. 
E)  cause the death of embryos before they hatch. 
A)  organize the embryo into broad regions and influence the activity of pair-rule genes. 
B)  are missing from the chromosomes of mutant flies. 
C)  are genes that have moved to gaps on other chromosome during meiosis. 
D)  cause gaps in the cell cycle. 
E)  cause the death of embryos before they hatch.

Question 12

Cells able to divide and form some types of cells in an organism are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  pluripotent stem cells. 
B)  terminal differentiation cells. 
C)  determinate cells. 
D)  morphogenic cells. 
E)  developmental plastic cells. 
A)  pluripotent stem cells. 
B)  terminal differentiation cells. 
C)  determinate cells. 
D)  morphogenic cells. 
E)  developmental plastic cells.

Question 13

What evidence supports the idea that some nuclei are totipotent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nuclei taken from the cells of an embryonic frog can direct an egg to develop into a tadpole. 
B)  Nuclei taken from the cells of a frog embryo can direct an egg to develop into a tadpole. 
C)  Nuclei taken from a different species can direct a tadpole egg to develop into a normal tadpole. 
D)  Some cells are capable of undergoing unlimited cell cycles. 
E)  Some cells are capable of arresting their cell cycle at will. 
A)  Nuclei taken from the cells of an embryonic frog can direct an egg to develop into a tadpole. 
B)  Nuclei taken from the cells of a frog embryo can direct an egg to develop into a tadpole. 
C)  Nuclei taken from a different species can direct a tadpole egg to develop into a normal tadpole. 
D)  Some cells are capable of undergoing unlimited cell cycles. 
E)  Some cells are capable of arresting their cell cycle at will.

Question 14

Figure 17-4
Use this figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Cloning mammals has proven to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  impossible. 
B)  easy and straightforward. 
C)  not technically feasible at the present time. 
D)  a technique that produces many similar-looking, deformed progeny. 
E)  a process with a low success rate and a high incidence of genetic defects. 
A)  impossible. 
B)  easy and straightforward. 
C)  not technically feasible at the present time. 
D)  a technique that produces many similar-looking, deformed progeny. 
E)  a process with a low success rate and a high incidence of genetic defects.

Question 15

Define apoptosis and explain its role in normal development.

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis is genetically progr

Question 16

Which of the following DOES NOT identify a particular advantage in using Arabidopsis to study plant development and genetics?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Arabidopsis genome has been sequenced. 
B)  Arabidopsis mutants can be easily induced with chemicals. 
C)  Many developmental mutants have been identified in Arabidopsis. 
D)  This plant completes its life cycle in just a few weeks. 
E)  It is a weed of no economic importance. 
A)  The Arabidopsis genome has been sequenced. 
B)  Arabidopsis mutants can be easily induced with chemicals. 
C)  Many developmental mutants have been identified in Arabidopsis. 
D)  This plant completes its life cycle in just a few weeks. 
E)  It is a weed of no economic importance.

Question 17

The concept of nuclear equivalence states that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the somatic cells in an adult organism have the same genes. 
B)  the genes of the individuals of the same species are exactly the same. 
C)  as cells mature, unneeded genes are lost. 
D)  the nuclei of all organisms are the same. 
E)  nuclei of individuals of the same species are the same size. 
A)  all of the somatic cells in an adult organism have the same genes. 
B)  the genes of the individuals of the same species are exactly the same. 
C)  as cells mature, unneeded genes are lost. 
D)  the nuclei of all organisms are the same. 
E)  nuclei of individuals of the same species are the same size.

Question 18

Each homeobox codes for a protein functional region that binds to a specific DNA sequence and thereby affects translation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In animals, somatic cell lines are those that will undergo meiosis, differentiate into gametes, and be set aside early in development.
_________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Differential gene expression is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability of some cells to arrest their development under different environmental conditions. 
B)  the progressive fixation of the fates of a cell's descendants. 
C)  the differences in the types of genes found in various somatic cells. 
D)  regulation during development that varies the type and quantity of gene products among cells. 
E)  the ability of some cells to constitutively express all their genes all the time. 
A)  the ability of some cells to arrest their development under different environmental conditions. 
B)  the progressive fixation of the fates of a cell's descendants. 
C)  the differences in the types of genes found in various somatic cells. 
D)  regulation during development that varies the type and quantity of gene products among cells. 
E)  the ability of some cells to constitutively express all their genes all the time.

Exam 17: Developmental Genetics

Cells become progressively committed to specific patterns of gene activity and developmental fate through a process known as:

The only known source of human embryonic stem cells is:

Pattern formation includes signaling between cells, changes in cell shape, and cell apoptosis. _________________

Developmental Drosophila genes, that when mutated cause the loss of alternate segments in the larva, are called:

What would be the consequence of removing a founder cell early in the development of Caenorhabditis?

What characteristics of Caenorhabditis elegans make it useful in molecular genetics studies?

Figure 17-4 Use this figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -In Figure 17-1, the purpose of electrical shock at the stage of the process labeled A is to:

When the human gene coding for insulin is introduced into a mouse embryo, the gene is correctly expressed in the appropriate tissue.This shows that:

Human therapeutic cloning would involve all of the following EXCEPT:

Scientists were able to produce induced pluripotent stem cells by introducing key DNA factors into mature mouse fibroblasts and human skin cells. _________________

Gap genes of Drosophila embryos:

Cells able to divide and form some types of cells in an organism are called:

What evidence supports the idea that some nuclei are totipotent?

Figure 17-4 Use this figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Cloning mammals has proven to be:

Define apoptosis and explain its role in normal development.

Which of the following DOES NOT identify a particular advantage in using Arabidopsis to study plant development and genetics?

The concept of nuclear equivalence states that:

Each homeobox codes for a protein functional region that binds to a specific DNA sequence and thereby affects translation.

In animals, somatic cell lines are those that will undergo meiosis, differentiate into gametes, and be set aside early in development. _________________

Differential gene expression is defined as:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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