Question 1

Chemical energy is a form of kinetic energy.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

According to the second law of themodynamics, energy cannot be created nor destroyed.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Most vitamins are coenzymes.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy.Give two examples that clarify the differences between the two.

Accepted Answer

Potential and kinetic are both forms of

Question 5

The life and death of cells are governed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the laws of thermodynamics. 
B)  only the first law of thermodynamics. 
C)  only the second law of thermodynamics. 
D)  only the third law of thermodynamics. 
E)  the laws of dynamic equilibrium. 
A)  the laws of thermodynamics. 
B)  only the first law of thermodynamics. 
C)  only the second law of thermodynamics. 
D)  only the third law of thermodynamics. 
E)  the laws of dynamic equilibrium.

Question 6

A reaction with a negative value of $\Delta$G is referred to as an __________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  endergonic 
B)  entropy 
C)  exergonic 
D)  enthalpy 
E)  activation 
A)  endergonic 
B)  entropy 
C)  exergonic 
D)  enthalpy 
E)  activation

Question 7

Which of the following statements concerning ATP is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a nucleotide. 
B)  It is called the energy currency of the cell. 
C)  It contains phosphate groups joined in a series. 
D)  It stores energy for long periods. 
E)  It contains phosphate groups joined by unstable bonds. 
A)  It is a nucleotide. 
B)  It is called the energy currency of the cell. 
C)  It contains phosphate groups joined in a series. 
D)  It stores energy for long periods. 
E)  It contains phosphate groups joined by unstable bonds.

Question 8

Most components of energy conversion systems evolved very early; thus, the most fundamental aspects of energy metabolism tend to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  quite different among a diverse group of organisms. 
B)  very different among plants and animals. 
C)  the same among the autotrophs but different among heterotrophs. 
D)  the same among prokaryotes but different among eukaryotes. 
E)  very similar in a wide range of different organisms. 
A)  quite different among a diverse group of organisms. 
B)  very different among plants and animals. 
C)  the same among the autotrophs but different among heterotrophs. 
D)  the same among prokaryotes but different among eukaryotes. 
E)  very similar in a wide range of different organisms.

Question 9

What is "coupling of chemical reactions"? Provide two relevant biological examples to help explain the importance of this process to living organisms.

Accepted Answer

In chemical coupling, an exergonic react

Question 10

The transfer of electrons from one compound to another is equivalent to __________ transfer.

Accepted Answer

A)  heat 
B)  oxygen 
C)  enzymatic 
D)  phosphorus 
E)  energy 
A)  heat 
B)  oxygen 
C)  enzymatic 
D)  phosphorus 
E)  energy

Question 11

Catabolic reactions involve the:

Accepted Answer

A)  breakdown of large organic molecules to simple building blocks. 
B)  breakdown of life sustaining processes within cells. 
C)  building up of complex organic molecules from simple building blocks. 
D)  anabolic production of complex molecules. 
E)  expenditure of energy. 
A)  breakdown of large organic molecules to simple building blocks. 
B)  breakdown of life sustaining processes within cells. 
C)  building up of complex organic molecules from simple building blocks. 
D)  anabolic production of complex molecules. 
E)  expenditure of energy.

Question 12

What refers to the situation in which the binding of a substrate to the enzyme causes a change in the enzyme's shape, facilitating an enzyme's function?

Accepted Answer

A)  active site 
B)  cofactor 
C)  activation energy 
D)  induced fit 
E)  allosteric inhibition 
A)  active site 
B)  cofactor 
C)  activation energy 
D)  induced fit 
E)  allosteric inhibition

Question 13

How does the ability of ATP to transfer a phosphate group make it pivotal in the overall energy metabolism of a cell?

Accepted Answer

When ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP + P_i, energ

Question 14

An enzyme binds its substrate at the active site.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In a reaction in which the rate of the reverse reaction is equal to the rate of the forward reaction, a state of __________ is attained.

Accepted Answer

A)  total entropy 
B)  enthalpy 
C)  thermodynamics 
D)  dynamic equilibrium 
E)  product reversibility 
A)  total entropy 
B)  enthalpy 
C)  thermodynamics 
D)  dynamic equilibrium 
E)  product reversibility

Question 16

The ultimate source of energy for almost all living organisms is:

Accepted Answer

A)  heat. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  the sun. 
A)  heat. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  the sun.

Question 17

An organism can exchange matter and energy with its surroundings.Thus, any change in an organism's energy content must be balanced by a corresponding change in the energy content of the surroundings.As such, an organism is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a closed system. 
B)  an open system. 
C)  a dynamic system. 
D)  a thermally reactive system. 
E)  a potential system. 
A)  a closed system. 
B)  an open system. 
C)  a dynamic system. 
D)  a thermally reactive system. 
E)  a potential system.

Question 18

The maintenance of a high ATP to ADP ratio within cells ensures that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the hydrolysis of ADP to ATP will be strongly exergonic. 
B)  the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP will be strongly exergonic. 
C)  the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP will be strongly endergonic. 
D)  the hydrolysis of ADP to ATP will be an energy releasing reaction. 
E)  the conversion of ADP to ATP will proceed spontaneously. 
A)  the hydrolysis of ADP to ATP will be strongly exergonic. 
B)  the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP will be strongly exergonic. 
C)  the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP will be strongly endergonic. 
D)  the hydrolysis of ADP to ATP will be an energy releasing reaction. 
E)  the conversion of ADP to ATP will proceed spontaneously.

Question 19

Figure 7-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which of the following conclusions can be accurately derived from the Figure 7-1?

Accepted Answer

A)  $\Delta$S is positive. 
B)  $\Delta$H equals zero. 
C)  $\Delta$G is positive. 
D) $\Delta$G is negative. 
E)  $\Delta$T is negative. 
A)  $\Delta$S is positive. 
B)  $\Delta$H equals zero. 
C)  $\Delta$G is positive. 
D) $\Delta$G is negative. 
E)  $\Delta$T is negative.

Question 20

In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the enzyme at the allosteric site.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Energy and Metabolism

Chemical energy is a form of kinetic energy. __________________

According to the second law of themodynamics, energy cannot be created nor destroyed. __________________

Most vitamins are coenzymes. __________________

Compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy.Give two examples that clarify the differences between the two.

The life and death of cells are governed by:

A reaction with a negative value of Δ\DeltaΔ G is referred to as an __________ reaction.

Which of the following statements concerning ATP is FALSE?

Most components of energy conversion systems evolved very early; thus, the most fundamental aspects of energy metabolism tend to be:

What is "coupling of chemical reactions"? Provide two relevant biological examples to help explain the importance of this process to living organisms.

The transfer of electrons from one compound to another is equivalent to __________ transfer.

Catabolic reactions involve the:

What refers to the situation in which the binding of a substrate to the enzyme causes a change in the enzyme's shape, facilitating an enzyme's function?

How does the ability of ATP to transfer a phosphate group make it pivotal in the overall energy metabolism of a cell?

An enzyme binds its substrate at the active site. __________________

In a reaction in which the rate of the reverse reaction is equal to the rate of the forward reaction, a state of __________ is attained.

The ultimate source of energy for almost all living organisms is:

An organism can exchange matter and energy with its surroundings.Thus, any change in an organism's energy content must be balanced by a corresponding change in the energy content of the surroundings.As such, an organism is referred to as:

The maintenance of a high ATP to ADP ratio within cells ensures that:

Figure 7-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which of the following conclusions can be accurately derived from the Figure 7-1?

In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the enzyme at the allosteric site. __________________

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

A reaction with a negative value of $\Delta$ G is referred to as an __________ reaction.