Question 1

The conversion of polysaccharides to monosaccharides is an example of an anabolic reaction.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

FAD becomes oxidized when it accepts hydrogen atoms and their electrons.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following does not represent a method by which cells regulate enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  controlling the intracellular concentration of the enzyme 
B)  feedback inhibition of enzymes 
C)  the binding of allosteric regulators to allosteric sites on the enzyme 
D)  differential gene expression of the genes that produce enzymes 
E)  heat denaturation of the enzyme 
A)  controlling the intracellular concentration of the enzyme 
B)  feedback inhibition of enzymes 
C)  the binding of allosteric regulators to allosteric sites on the enzyme 
D)  differential gene expression of the genes that produce enzymes 
E)  heat denaturation of the enzyme

Question 4

Pathways that have an overall energy requirement are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  catabolic reactions. 
B)  anabolic reactions. 
C)  energy-releasing reactions. 
D)  energetically feasible reactions. 
E)  reactions that will proceed spontaneously. 
A)  catabolic reactions. 
B)  anabolic reactions. 
C)  energy-releasing reactions. 
D)  energetically feasible reactions. 
E)  reactions that will proceed spontaneously.

Question 5

Hydrolases are one important class of enzyme that function to catalyze:

Accepted Answer

A)  splitting a molecule using water. 
B)  conversions between isomers. 
C)  reactions in which double bonds are formed. 
D)  oxidation-reduction reactions. 
E)  the transfer of a functional group. 
A)  splitting a molecule using water. 
B)  conversions between isomers. 
C)  reactions in which double bonds are formed. 
D)  oxidation-reduction reactions. 
E)  the transfer of a functional group.

Question 6

Which refers to an organic, nonpolypeptide compound that binds to the apoenzyme and serves as a cofactor?

Accepted Answer

A)  coenzyme 
B)  catalyst 
C)  substrate 
D)  mineral 
E)  allosteric regulator 
A)  coenzyme 
B)  catalyst 
C)  substrate 
D)  mineral 
E)  allosteric regulator

Question 7

Consider the following two chemical equations: A.
Glucose + fructose $\rightarrow$ sucrose + H2O, $\Delta$G = +27kJ/mole (or +6.5 kcal/mole)
B. Glucose + fructose + ATP $\rightarrow$ sucrose + ADP + Pi, $\Delta$G = -5kJ/mole (or -1.2 kcal/mole)
The free energy change difference between the chemical equations (A) and (B) above is accomplished by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in activation energy. 
B)  combining two endergonic reactions. 
C)  combining an endergonic and an exergonic reaction. 
D)  combining two exergonic reactions. 
E)  measuring the reaction rate. 
A)  a decrease in activation energy. 
B)  combining two endergonic reactions. 
C)  combining an endergonic and an exergonic reaction. 
D)  combining two exergonic reactions. 
E)  measuring the reaction rate.

Question 8

When the free energy of the reactants is greater than the free energy of the products, such a reaction is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  an entropic reaction. 
B)  an endergonic reaction. 
C)  an exergonic reaction. 
D)  an enthalpic reaction. 
E)  an activation reaction. 
A)  an entropic reaction. 
B)  an endergonic reaction. 
C)  an exergonic reaction. 
D)  an enthalpic reaction. 
E)  an activation reaction.

Question 9

In the equation H = G + TS, the H stands for free energy.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Select the hydrogen acceptor molecule that stores electrons in the process of photosynthesis:

Accepted Answer

A)  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) 
B)  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) 
C)  flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D)  
D)  adenine triphosphate (ATP) 
E)  adenine diphosphate (ADP) 
A)  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) 
B)  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) 
C)  flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D)  
D)  adenine triphosphate (ATP) 
E)  adenine diphosphate (ADP)

Question 11

Select the enzyme that does not match the reaction:

Accepted Answer

A)  sucrase-splits sucrose into glucose and fructose 
B)  lipase-breaks ester linkages 
C)  phosphatase-removes phosphate groups 
D)  urease-converts urea to ammonia and CO2 
E)  kinase-breaks peptide bonds 
A)  sucrase-splits sucrose into glucose and fructose 
B)  lipase-breaks ester linkages 
C)  phosphatase-removes phosphate groups 
D)  urease-converts urea to ammonia and CO2 
E)  kinase-breaks peptide bonds

Question 12

Which word is defined by this statement: A measure of this disorder, or randomness?

Accepted Answer

A)  energy 
B)  entropy 
C)  enthalpy 
D)  mass 
E)  catabolism 
A)  energy 
B)  entropy 
C)  enthalpy 
D)  mass 
E)  catabolism

Question 13

A closed system does not exchange energy with its surroundings.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An allosteric enzyme:

Accepted Answer

A)  has an active site that binds to the substrate and an allosteric site that binds to the product. 
B)  allows the movement of molecules and ions from one part of the cell to another. 
C)  catalyzes both oxidation and reduction reactions. 
D)  raises a reaction's activation energy so that the rate of the reaction declines. 
E)  allows a substance other than the substrate to bind to the enzyme, thereby activating or inactivating it. 
A)  has an active site that binds to the substrate and an allosteric site that binds to the product. 
B)  allows the movement of molecules and ions from one part of the cell to another. 
C)  catalyzes both oxidation and reduction reactions. 
D)  raises a reaction's activation energy so that the rate of the reaction declines. 
E)  allows a substance other than the substrate to bind to the enzyme, thereby activating or inactivating it.

Question 15

ATP is a type of nucleotide.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

An enzyme raises the activation energy of the reaction it catalyzes.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In order for a cell to maintain a high degree of order, it must:

Accepted Answer

A)  constantly release energy. 
B)  constantly produce energy. 
C)  constantly destroy energy. 
D)  constantly use energy. 
E)  constantly increase energy. 
A)  constantly release energy. 
B)  constantly produce energy. 
C)  constantly destroy energy. 
D)  constantly use energy. 
E)  constantly increase energy.

Question 18

An endergonic reaction can proceed only if it absorbs:

Accepted Answer

A)  more free energy than is released by a coupled exergonic reaction. 
B)  less free energy than was released by a coupled endergonic reaction. 
C)  less free energy than is released by a coupled exergonic reaction. 
D)  the same amount of free energy that is absorbed by the enzymatic breakdown of proteins. 
E)  energy from ADP, forming ATP. 
A)  more free energy than is released by a coupled exergonic reaction. 
B)  less free energy than was released by a coupled endergonic reaction. 
C)  less free energy than is released by a coupled exergonic reaction. 
D)  the same amount of free energy that is absorbed by the enzymatic breakdown of proteins. 
E)  energy from ADP, forming ATP.

Question 19

Figure 7-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which of the following statements about Figure 7-1 is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The reactants have more free energy than the products. 
B)  The products have more free energy than the reactants. 
C)  The figure represents a spontaneous reaction. 
D)  The figure represents an endergonic reaction. 
E)  The reaction is endergonic, and also the products have more free energy than the reactants. 
A)  The reactants have more free energy than the products. 
B)  The products have more free energy than the reactants. 
C)  The figure represents a spontaneous reaction. 
D)  The figure represents an endergonic reaction. 
E)  The reaction is endergonic, and also the products have more free energy than the reactants.

Question 20

__________ is a process where energy (as electrons) is released, whereas __________ is a process where energy (as electrons) is accepted.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduction; oxidation 
B)  Enthalpy; entropy 
C)  Entropy; enthalpy 
D)  Oxidation; reduction 
E)  Anabolism; catabolism 
A)  Reduction; oxidation 
B)  Enthalpy; entropy 
C)  Entropy; enthalpy 
D)  Oxidation; reduction 
E)  Anabolism; catabolism

Exam 7: Energy and Metabolism

The conversion of polysaccharides to monosaccharides is an example of an anabolic reaction. __________________

FAD becomes oxidized when it accepts hydrogen atoms and their electrons. __________________

Which of the following does not represent a method by which cells regulate enzyme activity?

Pathways that have an overall energy requirement are referred to as:

Hydrolases are one important class of enzyme that function to catalyze:

Which refers to an organic, nonpolypeptide compound that binds to the apoenzyme and serves as a cofactor?

When the free energy of the reactants is greater than the free energy of the products, such a reaction is referred to as:

In the equation H = G + TS, the H stands for free energy. __________________

Select the hydrogen acceptor molecule that stores electrons in the process of photosynthesis:

Select the enzyme that does not match the reaction:

Which word is defined by this statement: A measure of this disorder, or randomness?

A closed system does not exchange energy with its surroundings. __________________

An allosteric enzyme:

ATP is a type of nucleotide. __________________

An enzyme raises the activation energy of the reaction it catalyzes. __________________

In order for a cell to maintain a high degree of order, it must:

An endergonic reaction can proceed only if it absorbs:

Figure 7-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which of the following statements about Figure 7-1 is true?

__________ is a process where energy (as electrons) is released, whereas __________ is a process where energy (as electrons) is accepted.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

is a process where energy (as electrons) is released, whereas is a process where energy (as electrons) is accepted.