Question 1

Figure 25-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-What is the function of the structure labeled A in Figure 25-1?

Accepted Answer

A)  to adhere to surfaces or other bacteria 
B)  to prevent phagocytosis 
C)  support and protection in hypotonic conditions 
D)  transmission of DNA between bacteria 
E)  locomotion 
A)  to adhere to surfaces or other bacteria 
B)  to prevent phagocytosis 
C)  support and protection in hypotonic conditions 
D)  transmission of DNA between bacteria 
E)  locomotion C

Question 2

Pili are involved in adhesion of bacterial cells to a substrate or host, or in transmission of __________ between bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes 
B)  cytoplasm 
C)  vectors 
D)  RNA 
E)  DNA 
A)  ribosomes 
B)  cytoplasm 
C)  vectors 
D)  RNA 
E)  DNA E

Question 3

The most significant difference between the Archaea and the Bacteria is:

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of a nuclear envelope in the Archaea. 
B)  the absence of the 70S ribosomes in the Bacteria. 
C)  the presence of a single filament flagellum in the Bacteria. 
D)  the absence of peptidoglycans in the cell walls of the Archaea. 
E)  the presence of fatty acids in the plasma membranes of the Archaea. 
A)  lack of a nuclear envelope in the Archaea. 
B)  the absence of the 70S ribosomes in the Bacteria. 
C)  the presence of a single filament flagellum in the Bacteria. 
D)  the absence of peptidoglycans in the cell walls of the Archaea. 
E)  the presence of fatty acids in the plasma membranes of the Archaea. D

Question 4

Even though bacteria lack membrane-bound organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria, they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain metabolic enzymes on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the nuclear membranes. 
B)  the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  the plasma membrane. 
D)  ribosomes. 
E)  the cell wall. 
A)  the nuclear membranes. 
B)  the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  the plasma membrane. 
D)  ribosomes. 
E)  the cell wall.

Question 5

Figure 25-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic environment by:

Accepted Answer

A)  an efficient water pump. 
B)  a tough cell membrane. 
C)  pumping large quantities of salts into the cell. 
D)  a rigid cell wall. 
E)  a stiff capsule. 
A)  an efficient water pump. 
B)  a tough cell membrane. 
C)  pumping large quantities of salts into the cell. 
D)  a rigid cell wall. 
E)  a stiff capsule.

Question 6

MATCHING
Match the group of bacteria with the description
a.resemble fungi
d.lack cell walls
b.waxy cell wall
e.contain chlorophyll
c.lack proteoglycan in cell walls
-Actinomycetes

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the group of bacteria with the...

Question 7

Bacterial __________ cause systemic symptoms such as fever, whereas bacterial __________ cause more specific maladies.

Accepted Answer

A)  phages; prophages 
B)  prophages; phages 
C)  endotoxins; exotoxins 
D)  exotoxins; endotoxins 
E)  exotoxins; phages 
A)  phages; prophages 
B)  prophages; phages 
C)  endotoxins; exotoxins 
D)  exotoxins; endotoxins 
E)  exotoxins; phages

Question 8

The energy parasite Chlamydia is known to:

Accepted Answer

A)  eradicate males from a population. 
B)  convert males into females. 
C)  cause infected females to lay eggs that develop without fertilization. 
D)  reduce the number of males in a population. 
E)  lack peptidoglycan in cell wall. 
A)  eradicate males from a population. 
B)  convert males into females. 
C)  cause infected females to lay eggs that develop without fertilization. 
D)  reduce the number of males in a population. 
E)  lack peptidoglycan in cell wall.

Question 9

Bacteria:

Accepted Answer

A)  are incapable of locomotion. 
B)  move by means of pili 
C)  move by means of cilia. 
D)  move by means of a rotating flagella. 
E)  move by means of a whiplike flagella. 
A)  are incapable of locomotion. 
B)  move by means of pili 
C)  move by means of cilia. 
D)  move by means of a rotating flagella. 
E)  move by means of a whiplike flagella.

Question 10

Some bacteria avoid being phagocytized by a host's immune system by means of:

Accepted Answer

A)  efficient use of their flagella. 
B)  ameboid motion. 
C)  their capsule. 
D)  changing their cell wall structure. 
E)  eliminating the use of a membrane. 
A)  efficient use of their flagella. 
B)  ameboid motion. 
C)  their capsule. 
D)  changing their cell wall structure. 
E)  eliminating the use of a membrane.

Question 11

Plasmids of bacteria often have genes involved in:

Accepted Answer

A)  reproduction. 
B)  motility. 
C)  viral resistance. 
D)  antibiotic resistance. 
E)  photosynthesis. 
A)  reproduction. 
B)  motility. 
C)  viral resistance. 
D)  antibiotic resistance. 
E)  photosynthesis.

Question 12

__________ is a form of genetic exchange in bacteria that involves contact between two cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  Transformation 
B)  Transduction 
C)  Conjugation 
D)  Binary fission 
E)  Budding 
A)  Transformation 
B)  Transduction 
C)  Conjugation 
D)  Binary fission 
E)  Budding

Question 13

Small hairlike structures on the surface of bacteria are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  capsids. 
B)  pili. 
C)  chromatids. 
D)  plasmids. 
E)  virons. 
A)  capsids. 
B)  pili. 
C)  chromatids. 
D)  plasmids. 
E)  virons.

Question 14

Figure 25-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The structure in Figure 25-1 labeled C is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a ribosome. 
B)  the plasma membrane. 
C)  the capsule. 
D)  the cell wall. 
E)  the flagellum. 
A)  a ribosome. 
B)  the plasma membrane. 
C)  the capsule. 
D)  the cell wall. 
E)  the flagellum.

Question 15

Transformation, conjugation, and transduction are forms of vertical gene transfer for prokaryotes.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A chain of round bacteria would be called:

Accepted Answer

A)  spirilla. 
B)  diplococci. 
C)  bacilli. 
D)  streptococci. 
E)  streptobacilli. 
A)  spirilla. 
B)  diplococci. 
C)  bacilli. 
D)  streptococci. 
E)  streptobacilli.

Question 17

The first bacterium that was clearly identified as the cause of an infectious disease was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Legionella pneumophila, which causes Legionnaires' disease. 
B)  Chlamydia sp., which causes pelvic inflammatory disease in women. 
C)  Clostridium botulinum, which causes botulism. 
D)  Vibrio cholerae, which causes cholera. 
E)  Bacillus anthracis, which causes anthrax. 
A)  Legionella pneumophila, which causes Legionnaires' disease. 
B)  Chlamydia sp., which causes pelvic inflammatory disease in women. 
C)  Clostridium botulinum, which causes botulism. 
D)  Vibrio cholerae, which causes cholera. 
E)  Bacillus anthracis, which causes anthrax.

Question 18

The symbiotic bacteria found in the root nodules of legumes do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  supply the plant with the nitrogen it needs in the form of nitrates. 
B)  are motile bacteria. 
C)  are Rhizobial bacteria. 
D)  are soil-dwelling bacteria. 
E)  digest wood. 
A)  supply the plant with the nitrogen it needs in the form of nitrates. 
B)  are motile bacteria. 
C)  are Rhizobial bacteria. 
D)  are soil-dwelling bacteria. 
E)  digest wood.

Question 19

After an endospore forms, the cell membrane of the original cell lyses, releasing the endospore.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Woese and his co-workers demonstrated that the Archaea were different from the Bacteria because of differences noted in their:

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanism of cellular respiration. 
B)  preferred habitats. 
C)  signature sequences of SSU rRNA. 
D)  ability to utilize oxygen.. 
E)  resistance to antibiotics. 
A)  mechanism of cellular respiration. 
B)  preferred habitats. 
C)  signature sequences of SSU rRNA. 
D)  ability to utilize oxygen.. 
E)  resistance to antibiotics.

Exam 25: Bacteria and Archaea

Figure 25-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -What is the function of the structure labeled A in Figure 25-1?

Pili are involved in adhesion of bacterial cells to a substrate or host, or in transmission of __________ between bacteria.

The most significant difference between the Archaea and the Bacteria is:

Even though bacteria lack membrane-bound organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria, they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain metabolic enzymes on:

Figure 25-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic environment by:

MATCHING Match the group of bacteria with the description a.resemble fungi d.lack cell walls b.waxy cell wall e.contain chlorophyll c.lack proteoglycan in cell walls -Actinomycetes

Bacterial __________ cause systemic symptoms such as fever, whereas bacterial __________ cause more specific maladies.

The energy parasite Chlamydia is known to:

Bacteria:

Some bacteria avoid being phagocytized by a host's immune system by means of:

Plasmids of bacteria often have genes involved in:

__________ is a form of genetic exchange in bacteria that involves contact between two cells.

Small hairlike structures on the surface of bacteria are called:

Figure 25-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The structure in Figure 25-1 labeled C is:

Transformation, conjugation, and transduction are forms of vertical gene transfer for prokaryotes. ____________________

A chain of round bacteria would be called:

The first bacterium that was clearly identified as the cause of an infectious disease was:

The symbiotic bacteria found in the root nodules of legumes do all of the following EXCEPT:

After an endospore forms, the cell membrane of the original cell lyses, releasing the endospore. ____________________

Woese and his co-workers demonstrated that the Archaea were different from the Bacteria because of differences noted in their:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Bacterial cause systemic symptoms such as fever, whereas bacterial cause more specific maladies.