Question 1

On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin questioned why:

Accepted Answer

A)  the island species resembled those on other arid islands. 
B)  the island species resembled those from nearby islands. 
C)  the islands were inhabited at all since they were 600 miles from South America. 
D)  the island species resembled those from South America. 
E)  the island species were not unique. 
A)  the island species resembled those on other arid islands. 
B)  the island species resembled those from nearby islands. 
C)  the islands were inhabited at all since they were 600 miles from South America. 
D)  the island species resembled those from South America. 
E)  the island species were not unique. D

Question 2

MATCHING
Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution.
a.artificial selection
d.fossil record
b.adaptation
e.biogeography
c.nucleotide sequence comparisons
-remains of ancient organism

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

The islands where Charles Darwin observed variation among organisms and compared them to those organisms found on the mainland were the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Channel Islands. 
B)  Falkland Islands. 
C)  Galapagos Islands. 
D)  Canary Islands. 
E)  Virgin Islands. 
A)  Channel Islands. 
B)  Falkland Islands. 
C)  Galapagos Islands. 
D)  Canary Islands. 
E)  Virgin Islands. C

Question 4

The front limbs of birds and bats -- both wings -- are considered to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous structures. 
B)  homozygous structures. 
C)  divergent structures. 
D)  vestigial structures. 
E)  homoplastic structures. 
A)  homologous structures. 
B)  homozygous structures. 
C)  divergent structures. 
D)  vestigial structures. 
E)  homoplastic structures.

Question 5

The genetic code demonstrates the universality of living things because it is common to virtually all:

Accepted Answer

A)  eukaryotes. 
B)  autotrophs. 
C)  plants and animals. 
D)  bacteria. 
E)  organisms. 
A)  eukaryotes. 
B)  autotrophs. 
C)  plants and animals. 
D)  bacteria. 
E)  organisms.

Question 6

Darwin might have made even greater advances in his theory if he had:

Accepted Answer

A)  understood the work of Gregor Mendel. 
B)  read the works of Malthus. 
C)  done experiments in plant structure. 
D)  read of the work of Charles Lyell. 
E)  understood the theories of Jean Baptiste de Lamarck. 
A)  understood the work of Gregor Mendel. 
B)  read the works of Malthus. 
C)  done experiments in plant structure. 
D)  read of the work of Charles Lyell. 
E)  understood the theories of Jean Baptiste de Lamarck.

Question 7

Perhaps the most direct evidence for evolution comes from:

Accepted Answer

A)  biogeography. 
B)  comparative anatomy. 
C)  developmental biology. 
D)  the fossil record. 
E)  molecular biology. 
A)  biogeography. 
B)  comparative anatomy. 
C)  developmental biology. 
D)  the fossil record. 
E)  molecular biology.

Question 8

How do fossils provide evidence of evolution? How are scientists able to determine the age of fossils?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Fossils show the t

Question 9

What process provides the genetic variability that natural selection acts on during evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation 
B)  artificial selection 
C)  fitness 
D)  mitosis 
E)  mutation 
A)  adaptation 
B)  artificial selection 
C)  fitness 
D)  mitosis 
E)  mutation

Question 10

Evolutionary modifications that improve the survival and reproductive success of an organism are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations. 
B)  vestigial structures. 
C)  homoplastic traits. 
D)  artificial traits. 
E)  adaptations. 
A)  mutations. 
B)  vestigial structures. 
C)  homoplastic traits. 
D)  artificial traits. 
E)  adaptations.

Question 11

Breeds of dogs, such as German Shepherds and Saint Bernards, occur as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  polyploidy. 
B)  artificial selection. 
C)  hormones. 
D)  mutation. 
E)  natural selection. 
A)  polyploidy. 
B)  artificial selection. 
C)  hormones. 
D)  mutation. 
E)  natural selection.

Question 12

Individual species will continually evolve as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  coevolution. 
B)  convergent evolution. 
C)  punctuated equilibrium. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  gradualism. 
A)  coevolution. 
B)  convergent evolution. 
C)  punctuated equilibrium. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  gradualism.

Question 13

MATCHING
Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution.
a.artificial selection
d.fossil record
b.adaptation
e.biogeography
c.nucleotide sequence comparisons
-a feature that improves the chance of survival and reproduction

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the description with the different types...

Question 14

The indigenous plants and animals of the Galapagos Islands and Cape Verde Islands:

Accepted Answer

A)  are the same species as those found on the nearby mainland. 
B)  are the same species on the two islands, but are different from those on the mainland. 
C)  are the same species on the two islands and on the mainland. 
D)  are similar to one another, but quite different from either adjacent mainland. 
E)  resemble the nearest mainland species, but have evolved into new species. 
A)  are the same species as those found on the nearby mainland. 
B)  are the same species on the two islands, but are different from those on the mainland. 
C)  are the same species on the two islands and on the mainland. 
D)  are similar to one another, but quite different from either adjacent mainland. 
E)  resemble the nearest mainland species, but have evolved into new species.

Question 15

The study of past and present distributions of organisms on Earth is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  biodistributogeography. 
B)  organismal geography. 
C)  biogeography. 
D)  geographical ecology. 
E)  biological ecology. 
A)  biodistributogeography. 
B)  organismal geography. 
C)  biogeography. 
D)  geographical ecology. 
E)  biological ecology.

Question 16

Overproduction, variation, limits on population growth, and differential reproductive success are components of:

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution by natural selection. 
B)  evolution by inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
C)  punctuated equilibrium. 
D)  genetic inheritance. 
E)  gradualism. 
A)  evolution by natural selection. 
B)  evolution by inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
C)  punctuated equilibrium. 
D)  genetic inheritance. 
E)  gradualism.

Question 17

MATCHING
Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution.
a.artificial selection
d.fossil record
b.adaptation
e.biogeography
c.nucleotide sequence comparisons
-distribution of plants and animals on the planet

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the description with the different types...

Question 18

Which of the following statements about radioisotopes is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The half-life of a radioisotope does not vary with temperature or pressure. 
B)  Carbon-14 is typically used to date the rocks in which fossils are found. 
C)  The ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 is used in dating fossils. 
D)  Potassium-40 has an extremely long half-life. 
E)  The nucleus of a radioisotope can change into that of a different element during decay. 
A)  The half-life of a radioisotope does not vary with temperature or pressure. 
B)  Carbon-14 is typically used to date the rocks in which fossils are found. 
C)  The ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 is used in dating fossils. 
D)  Potassium-40 has an extremely long half-life. 
E)  The nucleus of a radioisotope can change into that of a different element during decay.

Question 19

Which vegetable was not produced from a single species using artificial selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  broccoli. 
B)  colewort. 
C)  collard greens. 
D)  kale. 
E)  kohlrabi. 
A)  broccoli. 
B)  colewort. 
C)  collard greens. 
D)  kale. 
E)  kohlrabi.

Question 20

Who proposed that the Earth's geological features formed slowly over time, creating long periods for evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin 
B)  Aristotle 
C)  Lamarck 
D)  Charles Lyell 
E)  Erasmus Darwin 
A)  Charles Darwin 
B)  Aristotle 
C)  Lamarck 
D)  Charles Lyell 
E)  Erasmus Darwin

Exam 18: Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin questioned why:

MATCHING Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution. a.artificial selection d.fossil record b.adaptation e.biogeography c.nucleotide sequence comparisons -remains of ancient organism

The islands where Charles Darwin observed variation among organisms and compared them to those organisms found on the mainland were the:

The front limbs of birds and bats -- both wings -- are considered to be:

The genetic code demonstrates the universality of living things because it is common to virtually all:

Darwin might have made even greater advances in his theory if he had:

Perhaps the most direct evidence for evolution comes from:

How do fossils provide evidence of evolution? How are scientists able to determine the age of fossils?

What process provides the genetic variability that natural selection acts on during evolution?

Evolutionary modifications that improve the survival and reproductive success of an organism are called:

Breeds of dogs, such as German Shepherds and Saint Bernards, occur as a result of:

Individual species will continually evolve as a result of:

MATCHING Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution. a.artificial selection d.fossil record b.adaptation e.biogeography c.nucleotide sequence comparisons -a feature that improves the chance of survival and reproduction

The indigenous plants and animals of the Galapagos Islands and Cape Verde Islands:

The study of past and present distributions of organisms on Earth is termed:

Overproduction, variation, limits on population growth, and differential reproductive success are components of:

MATCHING Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution. a.artificial selection d.fossil record b.adaptation e.biogeography c.nucleotide sequence comparisons -distribution of plants and animals on the planet

Which of the following statements about radioisotopes is false?

Which vegetable was not produced from a single species using artificial selection?

Who proposed that the Earth's geological features formed slowly over time, creating long periods for evolution?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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