Question 1

A carbohydrate energy storage molecule found in animal liver and muscle cells is:

Accepted Answer

A)  starch. 
B)  glycogen. 
C)  cellulose. 
D)  a fatty acid. 
E)  cholesterol. 
A)  starch. 
B)  glycogen. 
C)  cellulose. 
D)  a fatty acid. 
E)  cholesterol. B

Question 2

Hydrocarbons are hydrophobic because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the covalent bonds between hydrogen and carbon are nonpolar. 
B)  they contain oxygen atoms. 
C)  they exist as isomers. 
D)  the covalent bonds between carbon atoms are polar. 
E)  the hydrogen bonds between hydrogen and carbon are nonpolar. 
A)  the covalent bonds between hydrogen and carbon are nonpolar. 
B)  they contain oxygen atoms. 
C)  they exist as isomers. 
D)  the covalent bonds between carbon atoms are polar. 
E)  the hydrogen bonds between hydrogen and carbon are nonpolar. A

Question 3

Chitin is a polymer composed of N-acetyl glucosamine monomers.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Compare and contrast the structure, physical characteristics, and biological functions of two of the following: fats, steroids, and phospholipids.

Accepted Answer

In general, all three molecules consist

Question 5

Which portion of the following molecule is most directly involved in transferring energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  1 and 2 
E)  2 and 3 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  1 and 2 
E)  2 and 3

Question 6

MATCHING
Match the molecule with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.carbohydrate
c.nucleic acid
b.lipid
d.protein
-some are composed of fatty acids joined to glycerol

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the molecule with the appropriate word...

Question 7

The carboxyl group can exist in an ionized form and also in a nonionized form.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between RNA and DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA is a protein and DNA is a nucleic acid. 
B)  DNA is a polymer and RNA is a monomer. 
C)  DNA comprises the genes, while RNA is a direct participant in the process of protein synthesis. 
D)  RNA is a single-stranded form of DNA. 
E)  DNA is the primary energy currency of all cells. 
A)  RNA is a protein and DNA is a nucleic acid. 
B)  DNA is a polymer and RNA is a monomer. 
C)  DNA comprises the genes, while RNA is a direct participant in the process of protein synthesis. 
D)  RNA is a single-stranded form of DNA. 
E)  DNA is the primary energy currency of all cells.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a property of carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon-to-carbon bonds are limited to single bonds. 
B)  Carbon has four valence electrons. 
C)  Carbon can form bonds to various other atoms. 
D)  Two carbon atoms can share three electron pairs with each other. 
E)  Carbon-to-carbon bonds are strong. 
A)  Carbon-to-carbon bonds are limited to single bonds. 
B)  Carbon has four valence electrons. 
C)  Carbon can form bonds to various other atoms. 
D)  Two carbon atoms can share three electron pairs with each other. 
E)  Carbon-to-carbon bonds are strong.

Question 10

At which level of protein structure are peptide bonds most important?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary 
B)  secondary 
C)  tertiary 
D)  quaternary 
E)  globular 
A)  primary 
B)  secondary 
C)  tertiary 
D)  quaternary 
E)  globular

Question 11

Figure 3-2
Use the figure below to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-In Figure 3-2, ionic bonds would form between the R groups of which amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 
B)  2 and 4 
C)  3 and 5 
D)  4 and 6 
E)  3 and 6 
A)  1 and 3 
B)  2 and 4 
C)  3 and 5 
D)  4 and 6 
E)  3 and 6

Question 12

This functional group is weakly basic because it can accept an H+ ion:

Accepted Answer

A)  hydroxyl 
B)  carbonyl 
C)  amino 
D)  phosphate 
E)  sulfhydryl 
A)  hydroxyl 
B)  carbonyl 
C)  amino 
D)  phosphate 
E)  sulfhydryl

Question 13

Figure 3-1
Use the figure below to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-In which of the following reactions must the equivalent of a water molecule be added in order to break a bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acids + glycerol $\rightarrow$ fat 
B)  glucose + fructose $\rightarrow$sucrose 
C)  glycogen $\rightarrow$ glucose 
D)  alanine + glycine $\rightarrow$ dipeptide 
E)  glucose $\rightarrow$ cellulose 
A)  fatty acids + glycerol $\rightarrow$ fat 
B)  glucose + fructose $\rightarrow$sucrose 
C)  glycogen $\rightarrow$ glucose 
D)  alanine + glycine $\rightarrow$ dipeptide 
E)  glucose $\rightarrow$ cellulose

Question 14

The highly polarized nature of compounds containing carboxyl groups can be attributed to the presence of two:

Accepted Answer

A)  highly electronegative carbon atoms. 
B)  highly electropositive carbon atoms. 
C)  highly electronegative oxygen atoms. 
D)  highly electropositive oxygen atoms. 
E)  highly electropositive nitrogen atoms. 
A)  highly electronegative carbon atoms. 
B)  highly electropositive carbon atoms. 
C)  highly electronegative oxygen atoms. 
D)  highly electropositive oxygen atoms. 
E)  highly electropositive nitrogen atoms.

Question 15

Which of these terms is most inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)  monosaccharide 
B)  starch 
C)  polysaccharide 
D)  disaccharide 
E)  carbohydrate 
A)  monosaccharide 
B)  starch 
C)  polysaccharide 
D)  disaccharide 
E)  carbohydrate

Question 16

Identify three functions of proteins other than enzymes and briefly discuss or describe each.

Accepted Answer

Table 3-2 on page 60

Question 17

Molecular chaperones mediate the folding of other protein molecules.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is usually composed of two nucleotide strands. 
B)  DNA contains deoxyribose. 
C)  DNA does not normally contain uracil. 
D)  The nucleotides of DNA are linked by phosphodiester linkages. 
E)  DNA does not normally contain a phosphate group. 
A)  DNA is usually composed of two nucleotide strands. 
B)  DNA contains deoxyribose. 
C)  DNA does not normally contain uracil. 
D)  The nucleotides of DNA are linked by phosphodiester linkages. 
E)  DNA does not normally contain a phosphate group.

Question 19

Water is always released as a product in hydrolysis reactions.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Figure 3-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Analysis of a certain polymer shows that it contains phosphate groups, ribose groups, and pyrimidines.Based on this information, which of the following is the best description of this compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is most likely ribonucleic acid. 
B)  It is DNA. 
C)  It is an inorganic compound. 
D)  It contains thymine. 
E)  It is a polypeptide. 
A)  It is most likely ribonucleic acid. 
B)  It is DNA. 
C)  It is an inorganic compound. 
D)  It contains thymine. 
E)  It is a polypeptide.

Exam 3: The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

A carbohydrate energy storage molecule found in animal liver and muscle cells is:

Hydrocarbons are hydrophobic because:

Chitin is a polymer composed of N-acetyl glucosamine monomers. __________________

Compare and contrast the structure, physical characteristics, and biological functions of two of the following: fats, steroids, and phospholipids.

Which portion of the following molecule is most directly involved in transferring energy?

MATCHING Match the molecule with the appropriate word or phrase. a.carbohydrate c.nucleic acid b.lipid d.protein -some are composed of fatty acids joined to glycerol

The carboxyl group can exist in an ionized form and also in a nonionized form. __________________

Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between RNA and DNA?

Which of the following is not a property of carbon?

At which level of protein structure are peptide bonds most important?

Figure 3-2 Use the figure below to answer the corresponding question(s). -In Figure 3-2, ionic bonds would form between the R groups of which amino acids?

This functional group is weakly basic because it can accept an H+ ion:

Figure 3-1 Use the figure below to answer the corresponding question(s). -In which of the following reactions must the equivalent of a water molecule be added in order to break a bond?

The highly polarized nature of compounds containing carboxyl groups can be attributed to the presence of two:

Which of these terms is most inclusive?

Identify three functions of proteins other than enzymes and briefly discuss or describe each.

Molecular chaperones mediate the folding of other protein molecules. __________________

Which of the following statements is false?

Water is always released as a product in hydrolysis reactions. __________________

Figure 3-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Analysis of a certain polymer shows that it contains phosphate groups, ribose groups, and pyrimidines.Based on this information, which of the following is the best description of this compound?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

This functional group is weakly basic because it can accept an H⁺ ion: