Question 1

If you were a researcher interested in trying to find a cure for multiple sclerosis, in which area would you focus your research?

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding how myelin synthesis is regulated 
B)  understanding why neurofibrillary tangles occur in the brain 
C)  understanding how neural impulses are transmitted to other nerves 
D)  understanding the action of the ion pumps 
E)  understanding the regulation of neurotransmitter secretion and recycling 
A)  understanding how myelin synthesis is regulated 
B)  understanding why neurofibrillary tangles occur in the brain 
C)  understanding how neural impulses are transmitted to other nerves 
D)  understanding the action of the ion pumps 
E)  understanding the regulation of neurotransmitter secretion and recycling

Question 2

Neurotransmitters move by active transport across the synaptic cleft.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

During a relative refractory period:

Accepted Answer

A)  an axon can transmit impulses comparable to a resting neuron. 
B)  an axon cannot transmit an action potential at all. 
C)  an axon can transmit impulses, but the threshold level is higher. 
D)  all voltage-activated sodium channels are inactivated. 
E)  neurons can only transmit several impulses per second. 
A)  an axon can transmit impulses comparable to a resting neuron. 
B)  an axon cannot transmit an action potential at all. 
C)  an axon can transmit impulses, but the threshold level is higher. 
D)  all voltage-activated sodium channels are inactivated. 
E)  neurons can only transmit several impulses per second.

Question 4

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-Why is saltatory conduction faster than continuous conduction?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: In continuous cond

Question 5

Figure 41-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Novocain would work at which point in Figure 41-3?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  E 
E)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  E 
E)  4

Question 6

The arrival of an action potential at a synaptic terminal causes voltage-gated potassium channels to open.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following provides insulation for the neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  synapse 
B)  axon 
C)  dendrite 
D)  Schwann cell 
E)  microglial cell 
A)  synapse 
B)  axon 
C)  dendrite 
D)  Schwann cell 
E)  microglial cell

Question 8

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-acetylcholine is stored here

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with...

Question 9

Spatial summation occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  several neurons in an area fire at one time. 
B)  neurons fire repeatedly until a stimulus is sent. 
C)  they are too weak to cause an action potential. 
D)  the post-synaptic neuron is stimulated in one location. 
E)  the pre-synaptic neuron fires into many post-synaptic neurons. 
A)  several neurons in an area fire at one time. 
B)  neurons fire repeatedly until a stimulus is sent. 
C)  they are too weak to cause an action potential. 
D)  the post-synaptic neuron is stimulated in one location. 
E)  the pre-synaptic neuron fires into many post-synaptic neurons.

Question 10

Which class of neurotransmitters is linked to depression and schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  opiates 
B)  catecholamines 
C)  endorphins 
D)  nitric oxides 
E)  adrenergic 
A)  opiates 
B)  catecholamines 
C)  endorphins 
D)  nitric oxides 
E)  adrenergic

Question 11

Which of the following statements about a resting transmembrane potential is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the sodium-potassium pump were blocked, the transmembrane potential would become greater. 
B)  If the resting neuron were suddenly made permeable to positive ions, a transmembrane potential would not form. 
C)  If the resting neuron had no voltage-activated K+ channels, K+ concentrations in cytoplasm would increase. 
D)  If the voltage-activated Na+ channels are blocked, Na+ will not enter the cytoplasm of the neuron. 
E)  If the cytosol developed a negative charge, the resting potential would disappear.. 
A)  If the sodium-potassium pump were blocked, the transmembrane potential would become greater. 
B)  If the resting neuron were suddenly made permeable to positive ions, a transmembrane potential would not form. 
C)  If the resting neuron had no voltage-activated K+ channels, K+ concentrations in cytoplasm would increase. 
D)  If the voltage-activated Na+ channels are blocked, Na+ will not enter the cytoplasm of the neuron. 
E)  If the cytosol developed a negative charge, the resting potential would disappear..

Question 12

Maintenance of the resting membrane potential is accomplished by:

Accepted Answer

A)  saltatory conduction down the axon. 
B)  an excess of calcium ions outside the myelin sheath. 
C)  an accumulation of more positive ions outside the neuron than inside. 
D)  the voltage-gated potassium ion channels. 
E)  the storage of acetylcholine in the nerve terminal. 
A)  saltatory conduction down the axon. 
B)  an excess of calcium ions outside the myelin sheath. 
C)  an accumulation of more positive ions outside the neuron than inside. 
D)  the voltage-gated potassium ion channels. 
E)  the storage of acetylcholine in the nerve terminal.

Question 13

MATCHING
Match the part of the neuron with its description.
a.axon
d.node of Ranvier
b.dendrite
e.synaptic vesicle
c.myelin sheath
-Explain the difference between an absolute and a relative refractory period.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Absolute refractor

Question 14

Which neurons integrate information coming into and out of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  afferent neurons 
B)  motor neurons 
C)  interneurons 
D)  efferent neurons 
E)  sensory neurons 
A)  afferent neurons 
B)  motor neurons 
C)  interneurons 
D)  efferent neurons 
E)  sensory neurons

Question 15

The neuropeptide neurotransmitters are involved in:

Accepted Answer

A)  pain regulation. 
B)  stimulation of skeletal muscle. 
C)  inhibition of acetylcholine receptors. 
D)  mood regulation. 
E)  release of hormones. 
A)  pain regulation. 
B)  stimulation of skeletal muscle. 
C)  inhibition of acetylcholine receptors. 
D)  mood regulation. 
E)  release of hormones.

Question 16

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter released from motor neurons.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Although the effects of an EPSP are subliminal, explain how EPSPs affect membrane potential.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: EPSPs cause partia

Question 18

A nerve impulse moves along a neuron as:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium moves into the cell and potassium moves out of the cell. 
B)  sodium binds to potassium. 
C)  sodium and potassium are pulled apart. 
D)  acetylcholine moves along the nerve fiber. 
E)  calcium exits the dendrites. 
A)  sodium moves into the cell and potassium moves out of the cell. 
B)  sodium binds to potassium. 
C)  sodium and potassium are pulled apart. 
D)  acetylcholine moves along the nerve fiber. 
E)  calcium exits the dendrites.

Question 19

The initial response to a stimulus involves which process?

Accepted Answer

A)  perception 
B)  integration 
C)  interpretation 
D)  reception 
E)  sensation 
A)  perception 
B)  integration 
C)  interpretation 
D)  reception 
E)  sensation

Question 20

Figure 41-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The function of the structure labeled 6 in Figure 41-1 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  insulation. 
B)  neurotransmitter release. 
C)  binding neurotransmitters. 
D)  conduction of an electrical signal. 
E)  acting as a ligand-gated channel. 
A)  insulation. 
B)  neurotransmitter release. 
C)  binding neurotransmitters. 
D)  conduction of an electrical signal. 
E)  acting as a ligand-gated channel.

Exam 41: Neural Signaling

If you were a researcher interested in trying to find a cure for multiple sclerosis, in which area would you focus your research?

Neurotransmitters move by active transport across the synaptic cleft. ____________________

During a relative refractory period:

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -Why is saltatory conduction faster than continuous conduction?

Figure 41-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Novocain would work at which point in Figure 41-3?

The arrival of an action potential at a synaptic terminal causes voltage-gated potassium channels to open. ____________________

Which of the following provides insulation for the neuron?

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -acetylcholine is stored here

Spatial summation occurs when

Which class of neurotransmitters is linked to depression and schizophrenia?

Which of the following statements about a resting transmembrane potential is true?

Maintenance of the resting membrane potential is accomplished by:

MATCHING Match the part of the neuron with its description. a.axon d.node of Ranvier b.dendrite e.synaptic vesicle c.myelin sheath -Explain the difference between an absolute and a relative refractory period.

Which neurons integrate information coming into and out of the central nervous system?

The neuropeptide neurotransmitters are involved in:

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter released from motor neurons. ____________________

Although the effects of an EPSP are subliminal, explain how EPSPs affect membrane potential.

A nerve impulse moves along a neuron as:

The initial response to a stimulus involves which process?

Figure 41-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The function of the structure labeled 6 in Figure 41-1 is:

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