Question 1

MATCHING
Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
-Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormones

Accepted Answer

A) Acromegaly 
B) Cushing disease 
C) Addison disease 
D) Graves' disease 
E) Myxedema
F)Pheochromocytoma 
A) Acromegaly 
B) Cushing disease 
C) Addison disease 
D) Graves' disease 
E) Myxedema
F)Pheochromocytoma

Question 2

What causes the microvascular complications of clients with diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A)  The capillaries contain plaques of lipids that obstruct blood flow. 
B)  There is increased pressure within capillaries as a result of the elevated glucose attracting water. 
C)  The capillary basement membranes thicken and there is endothelial cell hyperplasia. 
D)  Fibrous plaques form from the proliferation of subendothelial smooth muscle of arteries. 
A)  The capillaries contain plaques of lipids that obstruct blood flow. 
B)  There is increased pressure within capillaries as a result of the elevated glucose attracting water. 
C)  The capillary basement membranes thicken and there is endothelial cell hyperplasia. 
D)  Fibrous plaques form from the proliferation of subendothelial smooth muscle of arteries.

Question 3

Abnormal immunologic mechanisms producing autoantibodies are responsible for both Graves' disease and hypothyroidism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What causes the macrovascular complications of clients with diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A)  The capillaries contain plaques of lipids that obstruct blood flow. 
B)  There is increased pressure within capillaries caused by the elevated glucose attracting water. 
C)  The capillary basement membranes thicken and there is endothelial cell hyperplasia. 
D)  Fibrous plaques form from the proliferation of subendothelial smooth muscle of arteries. 
A)  The capillaries contain plaques of lipids that obstruct blood flow. 
B)  There is increased pressure within capillaries caused by the elevated glucose attracting water. 
C)  The capillary basement membranes thicken and there is endothelial cell hyperplasia. 
D)  Fibrous plaques form from the proliferation of subendothelial smooth muscle of arteries.

Question 5

Diabetes insipidus is caused by insufficient secretion of insulin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ectopically produced ADH 
B)  Inflammation of the hypothalamus 
C)  Posterior pituitary tumor 
D)  Inflammation of the nephrons 
A)  Ectopically produced ADH 
B)  Inflammation of the hypothalamus 
C)  Posterior pituitary tumor 
D)  Inflammation of the nephrons

Question 7

Gigantism occurs only in children and adolescents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which disorder is caused by hypersecretion of the growth hormone in adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cushing syndrome 
B)  Acromegaly 
C)  Gigantism 
D)  Myxedema 
A)  Cushing syndrome 
B)  Acromegaly 
C)  Gigantism 
D)  Myxedema

Question 9

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is much more common than type 1.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Upon palpation of the neck of a patient with Graves' disease,what would the nurse expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normal-sized thyroid 
B)  Small discrete thyroid nodule 
C)  Multiple discrete thyroid nodules 
D)  Diffuse thyroid enlargement 
A)  Normal-sized thyroid 
B)  Small discrete thyroid nodule 
C)  Multiple discrete thyroid nodules 
D)  Diffuse thyroid enlargement

Question 11

If the target cells for ADH do not have receptors,the result is _____ diabetes insipidus (DI).

Accepted Answer

A)  neurogenic 
B)  nephrogenic 
C)  psychogenic 
D)  ischemic 
A)  neurogenic 
B)  nephrogenic 
C)  psychogenic 
D)  ischemic

Question 12

What is the most probable cause of low serum calcium following thyroidectomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves' disease 
B)  Myxedema secondary to surgery 
C)  Hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury 
D)  Hypothyroidism caused by lack of thyroid replacement 
A)  Hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves' disease 
B)  Myxedema secondary to surgery 
C)  Hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury 
D)  Hypothyroidism caused by lack of thyroid replacement

Question 13

MATCHING
Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
-Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone (TH)

Accepted Answer

A) Acromegaly 
B) Cushing disease 
C) Addison disease 
D) Graves' disease 
E) Myxedema
F)Pheochromocytoma 
A) Acromegaly 
B) Cushing disease 
C) Addison disease 
D) Graves' disease 
E) Myxedema
F)Pheochromocytoma

Question 14

Why do patients with diabetes mellitus develop hyperlipidemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because they have increases in low density lipoproteins ( $\uarr$DL)and triglycerides ( $\uarr$TG) 
B)  Because they have decreased low density lipoproteins ($\darr$LDL)and increased triglycerides ( $\uarr$G) 
C)  Because they have decreased low density lipoproteins ( $\darr$LDL)and increased high density lipoproteins ( $\uarr$HDL) 
D)  Because they have increased high density lipoproteins ( $\uarr$HDL)and decreased triglycerides ( $\darr$TG) 
A)  Because they have increases in low density lipoproteins ( $\uarr$DL)and triglycerides ( $\uarr$TG) 
B)  Because they have decreased low density lipoproteins ($\darr$LDL)and increased triglycerides ( $\uarr$G) 
C)  Because they have decreased low density lipoproteins ( $\darr$LDL)and increased high density lipoproteins ( $\uarr$HDL) 
D)  Because they have increased high density lipoproteins ( $\uarr$HDL)and decreased triglycerides ( $\darr$TG)

Question 15

A patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 experiences hunger,lightheadedness,tachycardia,pallor,headache,and confusion.What is the most probable cause of these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperglycemia caused by incorrect insulin administration 
B)  Dawn phenomenon from eating a snack before bed time 
C)  Hypoglycemia caused by increased exercise 
D)  Somogyi effect from insulin sensitivity 
A)  Hyperglycemia caused by incorrect insulin administration 
B)  Dawn phenomenon from eating a snack before bed time 
C)  Hypoglycemia caused by increased exercise 
D)  Somogyi effect from insulin sensitivity

Question 16

Why does hyperkalemia develop in diabetic ketoacidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because sodium is low,which stimulates aldosterone to retain sodium and potassium 
B)  Because hydrogen shifts into the cell in exchange for potassium to compensate for metabolic acidosis 
C)  Because phosphorus shifts into the cell in exchange for potassium due to the lack of insulin 
D)  Because the blood is concentrated due to the loss of water from polyuria 
A)  Because sodium is low,which stimulates aldosterone to retain sodium and potassium 
B)  Because hydrogen shifts into the cell in exchange for potassium to compensate for metabolic acidosis 
C)  Because phosphorus shifts into the cell in exchange for potassium due to the lack of insulin 
D)  Because the blood is concentrated due to the loss of water from polyuria

Question 17

Myxedema coma is caused by severe hypoparathyroidism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What is the first lab test that indicates a patient with type 1 diabetes is developing nephropathy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dipstick test for urine ketones 
B)  Increase in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 
C)  Protein in the urinalysis 
D)  Cloudy urine on the urinalysis 
A)  Dipstick test for urine ketones 
B)  Increase in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 
C)  Protein in the urinalysis 
D)  Cloudy urine on the urinalysis

Question 19

Which is a cause of diabetes insipidus (DI)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Organic lesion of the anterior pituitary 
B)  Organic lesion of the thalamus 
C)  Organic lesion of the posterior pituitary 
D)  Organic lesion of the renal tubules 
A)  Organic lesion of the anterior pituitary 
B)  Organic lesion of the thalamus 
C)  Organic lesion of the posterior pituitary 
D)  Organic lesion of the renal tubules

Question 20

MATCHING
Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
-Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone (TH)

Accepted Answer

A) Acromegaly 
B) Cushing disease 
C) Addison disease 
D) Graves' disease 
E) Myxedema
F)Pheochromocytoma 
A) Acromegaly 
B) Cushing disease 
C) Addison disease 
D) Graves' disease 
E) Myxedema
F)Pheochromocytoma

Exam 21: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

MATCHING Match the phrases with the corresponding terms. -Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormones

What causes the microvascular complications of clients with diabetes mellitus?

Abnormal immunologic mechanisms producing autoantibodies are responsible for both Graves' disease and hypothyroidism.

What causes the macrovascular complications of clients with diabetes mellitus?

Diabetes insipidus is caused by insufficient secretion of insulin.

What is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)secretion?

Gigantism occurs only in children and adolescents.

Which disorder is caused by hypersecretion of the growth hormone in adults?

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is much more common than type 1.

Upon palpation of the neck of a patient with Graves' disease,what would the nurse expect to find?

If the target cells for ADH do not have receptors,the result is _____ diabetes insipidus (DI).

What is the most probable cause of low serum calcium following thyroidectomy?

MATCHING Match the phrases with the corresponding terms. -Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone (TH)

Why do patients with diabetes mellitus develop hyperlipidemia?

A patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 experiences hunger,lightheadedness,tachycardia,pallor,headache,and confusion.What is the most probable cause of these symptoms?

Why does hyperkalemia develop in diabetic ketoacidosis?

Myxedema coma is caused by severe hypoparathyroidism.

What is the first lab test that indicates a patient with type 1 diabetes is developing nephropathy?

Which is a cause of diabetes insipidus (DI)?

MATCHING Match the phrases with the corresponding terms. -Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone (TH)

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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