Question 1

How does the epididymis become infected?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pathogenic microorganisms ascend the vas deferentia from an already infected urethra or bladder. 
B)  The pathogenic microorganisms are attached to sperm that travel through the genital tract. 
C)  The pathogenic microorganisms from the tunica vaginalis are transported to the epididymis. 
D)  The pathogenic microorganism from the prostate fluid ascend to the epididymis 
A)  The pathogenic microorganisms ascend the vas deferentia from an already infected urethra or bladder. 
B)  The pathogenic microorganisms are attached to sperm that travel through the genital tract. 
C)  The pathogenic microorganisms from the tunica vaginalis are transported to the epididymis. 
D)  The pathogenic microorganism from the prostate fluid ascend to the epididymis A

Question 2

Considering the pathophysiology of primary amenorrhea,what anatomic defects are involved in compartment II?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ovary 
B)  Anterior pituitary 
C)  Hypothalamus 
D)  Vagina and uterus 
A)  Ovary 
B)  Anterior pituitary 
C)  Hypothalamus 
D)  Vagina and uterus B

Question 3

What is a theory of causation for endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obstruction within the fallopian tubes prevent the endometrial tissue from adhering to the lining of the uterus. 
B)  Endometrial tissue passes through the fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity and remains responsive to hormones. 
C)  Inflammation of the endometrial tissue develops after recurrent sexually transmitted diseases. 
D)  Endometrial tissue lies dormant in the uterus until the ovaries produce sufficient hormone to stimulate its growth. 
A)  Obstruction within the fallopian tubes prevent the endometrial tissue from adhering to the lining of the uterus. 
B)  Endometrial tissue passes through the fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity and remains responsive to hormones. 
C)  Inflammation of the endometrial tissue develops after recurrent sexually transmitted diseases. 
D)  Endometrial tissue lies dormant in the uterus until the ovaries produce sufficient hormone to stimulate its growth. B

Question 4

Most ovarian cancers arise from a single cell and involve the loss of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Dysmenorrhea is caused by the release of which chemical mediator?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leukotrienes 
B)  Prostaglandins 
C)  Bradykinin 
D)  C-reactive protein 
A)  Leukotrienes 
B)  Prostaglandins 
C)  Bradykinin 
D)  C-reactive protein

Question 6

MATCHING
Match the phrases with the corresponding cancer.
-Penile cancer

Accepted Answer

A) Seen with HPV infection 
B) Advanced at the time of diagnosis 
C) Most curable cancer 
D) Vasectomy increases risk 
A) Seen with HPV infection 
B) Advanced at the time of diagnosis 
C) Most curable cancer 
D) Vasectomy increases risk

Question 7

Which infection has clinical manifestations of sudden onset of malaise,low back pain,and perineal pain with high fever and chills,dysuria,nocturia,and urinary retention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Orchitis 
B)  Balanitis 
C)  Epididymitis 
D)  Bacterial prostatitis 
A)  Orchitis 
B)  Balanitis 
C)  Epididymitis 
D)  Bacterial prostatitis

Question 8

Which virus is a necessary precursor for developing cervical intraepithelial carcinoma (CIN)and cervical cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human papilloma virus (HPV) 
B)  Epstein Barr virus (EBV) 
C)  Herpes simplex II virus (HSV) 
D)  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
A)  Human papilloma virus (HPV) 
B)  Epstein Barr virus (EBV) 
C)  Herpes simplex II virus (HSV) 
D)  Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 9

With early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer,prognosis is excellent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

_____ precocious puberty causes the child to develop some secondary sex characteristics of the opposite sex.

Accepted Answer

A)  Heterosexual 
B)  Incomplete 
C)  Isosexual 
D)  Homosexual 
A)  Heterosexual 
B)  Incomplete 
C)  Isosexual 
D)  Homosexual

Question 11

Taking oral contraceptives increases the risk for ovarian and endometrial cancers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What is the most common cause of cycle irregularities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Disorders within the endometrium 
B)  Obstruction of the fallopian tubes 
C)  Pregnancy 
D)  Failure to ovulate 
A)  Disorders within the endometrium 
B)  Obstruction of the fallopian tubes 
C)  Pregnancy 
D)  Failure to ovulate

Question 13

_____ is the most common infectious cause of orchitis and usually affects postpubertal males.

Accepted Answer

A)  Herpes 
B)  Escherichia coli 
C)  Mumps 
D)  Cytomegalovirus 
A)  Herpes 
B)  Escherichia coli 
C)  Mumps 
D)  Cytomegalovirus

Question 14

Which of the following is usually the first clinical manifestation of breast cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nipple dimpling 
B)  Nipple discharge 
C)  Enlargement of one breast 
D)  A painless lump 
A)  Nipple dimpling 
B)  Nipple discharge 
C)  Enlargement of one breast 
D)  A painless lump

Question 15

The acidic nature of vaginal secretions during the reproductive years provides protection against a variety of sexually transmitted pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What description is given when all or most of the cervical epithelium shows cellular features of carcinoma,but underlying tissue is not affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 
B)  Cervical dysplasia 
C)  Cervical carcinoma in situ 
D)  Invasive carcinoma of the cervix 
A)  Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 
B)  Cervical dysplasia 
C)  Cervical carcinoma in situ 
D)  Invasive carcinoma of the cervix

Question 17

What are common clinical manifestations of endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Back and flank pain 
B)  Infertility and dysmenorrhea 
C)  Dysuria and absent menstrual flow 
D)  Painless,vaginal bleeding between menstrual periods 
A)  Back and flank pain 
B)  Infertility and dysmenorrhea 
C)  Dysuria and absent menstrual flow 
D)  Painless,vaginal bleeding between menstrual periods

Question 18

What is the first sign of puberty in girls?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thelarche 
B)  Growth of pubic hair 
C)  Menstruation 
D)  Vaginal discharge 
A)  Thelarche 
B)  Growth of pubic hair 
C)  Menstruation 
D)  Vaginal discharge

Question 19

Prevention of constipation and treatment of chronic cough may help prevent uterine prolapse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which factors increase the risk for ovarian cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use of fertility drugs 
B)  Oral contraceptive use 
C)  Multiple pregnancies 
D)  Prolonged lactation 
A)  Use of fertility drugs 
B)  Oral contraceptive use 
C)  Multiple pregnancies 
D)  Prolonged lactation

Exam 23: Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

How does the epididymis become infected?

Considering the pathophysiology of primary amenorrhea,what anatomic defects are involved in compartment II?

What is a theory of causation for endometriosis?

Most ovarian cancers arise from a single cell and involve the loss of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes.

Dysmenorrhea is caused by the release of which chemical mediator?

MATCHING Match the phrases with the corresponding cancer. -Penile cancer

Which infection has clinical manifestations of sudden onset of malaise,low back pain,and perineal pain with high fever and chills,dysuria,nocturia,and urinary retention?

Which virus is a necessary precursor for developing cervical intraepithelial carcinoma (CIN)and cervical cancer?

With early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer,prognosis is excellent.

_____ precocious puberty causes the child to develop some secondary sex characteristics of the opposite sex.

Taking oral contraceptives increases the risk for ovarian and endometrial cancers.

What is the most common cause of cycle irregularities?

_____ is the most common infectious cause of orchitis and usually affects postpubertal males.

Which of the following is usually the first clinical manifestation of breast cancer?

The acidic nature of vaginal secretions during the reproductive years provides protection against a variety of sexually transmitted pathogens.

What description is given when all or most of the cervical epithelium shows cellular features of carcinoma,but underlying tissue is not affected?

What are common clinical manifestations of endometriosis?

What is the first sign of puberty in girls?

Prevention of constipation and treatment of chronic cough may help prevent uterine prolapse.

Which factors increase the risk for ovarian cancer?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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