Question 1

A major immunologic finding in AIDS is the striking decrease in the number of which cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macrophages 
B)  CD8+ T cells 
C)  CD4+ Th cells 
D)  Memory T cells 
A)  Macrophages 
B)  CD8+ T cells 
C)  CD4+ Th cells 
D)  Memory T cells C

Question 2

Persons with blood type O are considered universal recipients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

MATCHING
Match the phrases with the corresponding descriptions.
-Type III hypersensitivity

Accepted Answer

A) Agammaglobulinemia 
B) Raynaud phenomenon 
C) Poison ivy 
D) Urticaria 
E) Graves' disease 
A) Agammaglobulinemia 
B) Raynaud phenomenon 
C) Poison ivy 
D) Urticaria 
E) Graves' disease B

Question 4

What is the mechanism in type IV hypersensitivity reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibodies coat mast cells by binding to receptors that signal its degranulation followed by discharge of preformed mediators. 
B)  Antibodies bind to soluble antigens that were released into body fluids and the immune complexes are deposited in the tissues. 
C)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes or lymphokines-producing Th1 cells attack and destroy cellular targets directly. 
D)  Antibodies bind to the antigen on the cell surface. 
A)  Antibodies coat mast cells by binding to receptors that signal its degranulation followed by discharge of preformed mediators. 
B)  Antibodies bind to soluble antigens that were released into body fluids and the immune complexes are deposited in the tissues. 
C)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes or lymphokines-producing Th1 cells attack and destroy cellular targets directly. 
D)  Antibodies bind to the antigen on the cell surface.

Question 5

MATCHING
Match the phrases with the corresponding descriptions.
-Type IV hypersensitivity

Accepted Answer

A) Agammaglobulinemia 
B) Raynaud phenomenon 
C) Poison ivy 
D) Urticaria 
E) Graves' disease 
A) Agammaglobulinemia 
B) Raynaud phenomenon 
C) Poison ivy 
D) Urticaria 
E) Graves' disease

Question 6

What is the mechanism in type II hypersensitivity reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibodies coat mast cells by binding to receptors that signal its degranulation followed by discharge of preformed mediators. 
B)  Antibodies bind to soluble antigens that were released into body fluids and the immune complexes are deposited in the tissues. 
C)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes or lymphokines-producing Th1 cells attack and destroy cellular targets directly. 
D)  Antibodies bind to the antigens on the cell surface. 
A)  Antibodies coat mast cells by binding to receptors that signal its degranulation followed by discharge of preformed mediators. 
B)  Antibodies bind to soluble antigens that were released into body fluids and the immune complexes are deposited in the tissues. 
C)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes or lymphokines-producing Th1 cells attack and destroy cellular targets directly. 
D)  Antibodies bind to the antigens on the cell surface.

Question 7

The patient with HIV infection is asymptomatic during the latency because the HIV virus lies dormant in lymph nodes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

MATCHING
Match the phrases with the corresponding descriptions.
-Type I hypersensitivity

Accepted Answer

A) Agammaglobulinemia 
B) Raynaud phenomenon 
C) Poison ivy 
D) Urticaria 
E) Graves' disease 
A) Agammaglobulinemia 
B) Raynaud phenomenon 
C) Poison ivy 
D) Urticaria 
E) Graves' disease

Question 9

In a type III hypersensitivity reaction,what causes the harmful effects after the immune complexes are deposited in tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytotoxic T cells 
B)  Natural killer cells 
C)  Complement activation 
D)  Degranulation of mast cells 
A)  Cytotoxic T cells 
B)  Natural killer cells 
C)  Complement activation 
D)  Degranulation of mast cells

Question 10

A person with type O blood is likely to have high titers of anti-___ antibodies.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  A and B 
D)  O 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  A and B 
D)  O

Question 11

What disease involves the deposition of circulating immune complexes containing an antibody against host DNA,resulting in tissue damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemolytic anemia 
B)  Pernicious 
C)  Systemic lupus erythematosus 
D)  Myasthenia gravis 
A)  Hemolytic anemia 
B)  Pernicious 
C)  Systemic lupus erythematosus 
D)  Myasthenia gravis

Question 12

During an immunoglobulin E-mediated (IgE)hypersensitivity reaction,which leukocyte is activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrophils 
B)  Monocytes 
C)  Eosinophils 
D)  T lymphocytes 
A)  Neutrophils 
B)  Monocytes 
C)  Eosinophils 
D)  T lymphocytes

Question 13

Which cells are primary targets for HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  CD4-positive Th cells only 
B)  CD4-positive Th cells,macrophages,and natural killer cells 
C)  CD8-positive Tc cells and plasma cells 
D)  CD8-positive Tc cells only 
A)  CD4-positive Th cells only 
B)  CD4-positive Th cells,macrophages,and natural killer cells 
C)  CD8-positive Tc cells and plasma cells 
D)  CD8-positive Tc cells only

Question 14

Blood transfusion reactions are an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  autoimmunity. 
B)  alloimmunity. 
C)  homoimmunity. 
A)  autoimmunity. 
B)  alloimmunity. 
C)  homoimmunity.

Question 15

What mechanism occurs in Raynaud phenomenon that classify it as a type III hypersensitivity reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immune complexes are deposited in capillary beds blocking circulation. 
B)  Mast cells bind to specific endothelial receptors that cause them to degranulate creating a localized inflammatory reaction that occludes capillary circulation. 
C)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes attack and destroy the capillaries so that they are unable to perfuse local tissues. 
D)  Antibodies detect the capillaries as foreign protein and destroy them using lysosomal enzymes and toxic oxygen species. 
A)  Immune complexes are deposited in capillary beds blocking circulation. 
B)  Mast cells bind to specific endothelial receptors that cause them to degranulate creating a localized inflammatory reaction that occludes capillary circulation. 
C)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes attack and destroy the capillaries so that they are unable to perfuse local tissues. 
D)  Antibodies detect the capillaries as foreign protein and destroy them using lysosomal enzymes and toxic oxygen species.

Question 16

Which blood cell carries the carbohydrate antigens for blood type?

Accepted Answer

A)  Platelets 
B)  Neutrophils 
C)  Lymphocytes 
D)  Erythrocytes 
A)  Platelets 
B)  Neutrophils 
C)  Lymphocytes 
D)  Erythrocytes

Question 17

What is the name of the hypersensitivity reaction that occurs after a person who is allergic to bee stings is stung by a bee?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemolytic shock 
B)  Anaphylaxis 
C)  Necrotizing vasculitis 
D)  Systemic erythematosus 
A)  Hemolytic shock 
B)  Anaphylaxis 
C)  Necrotizing vasculitis 
D)  Systemic erythematosus

Question 18

Antibodies to HIV appear within weeks of transmission through blood products,but within months after sexual transmission.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Cells in _____ may act as a reservoir in which HIV can be relatively protected from antiviral drugs.

Accepted Answer

A)  the central nervous system 
B)  bone marrow 
C)  the thymus gland 
D)  the lungs 
A)  the central nervous system 
B)  bone marrow 
C)  the thymus gland 
D)  the lungs

Question 20

In a Type II hypersensitivity reaction,when antibodies are formed against red blood cell antigens of the Rh system,how are the blood vessels destroyed?

Accepted Answer

A)  By complement-mediated cell lysis 
B)  By phagocytosis by macrophages 
C)  By phagocytosis in the spleen 
D)  By neutrophil granules and toxic oxygen products 
A)  By complement-mediated cell lysis 
B)  By phagocytosis by macrophages 
C)  By phagocytosis in the spleen 
D)  By neutrophil granules and toxic oxygen products

Exam 8: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

A major immunologic finding in AIDS is the striking decrease in the number of which cells?

Persons with blood type O are considered universal recipients.

MATCHING Match the phrases with the corresponding descriptions. -Type III hypersensitivity

What is the mechanism in type IV hypersensitivity reactions?

MATCHING Match the phrases with the corresponding descriptions. -Type IV hypersensitivity

What is the mechanism in type II hypersensitivity reactions?

The patient with HIV infection is asymptomatic during the latency because the HIV virus lies dormant in lymph nodes.

MATCHING Match the phrases with the corresponding descriptions. -Type I hypersensitivity

In a type III hypersensitivity reaction,what causes the harmful effects after the immune complexes are deposited in tissues?

A person with type O blood is likely to have high titers of anti-___ antibodies.

What disease involves the deposition of circulating immune complexes containing an antibody against host DNA,resulting in tissue damage?

During an immunoglobulin E-mediated (IgE)hypersensitivity reaction,which leukocyte is activated?

Which cells are primary targets for HIV?

Blood transfusion reactions are an example of:

What mechanism occurs in Raynaud phenomenon that classify it as a type III hypersensitivity reaction?

Which blood cell carries the carbohydrate antigens for blood type?

What is the name of the hypersensitivity reaction that occurs after a person who is allergic to bee stings is stung by a bee?

Antibodies to HIV appear within weeks of transmission through blood products,but within months after sexual transmission.

Cells in _____ may act as a reservoir in which HIV can be relatively protected from antiviral drugs.

In a Type II hypersensitivity reaction,when antibodies are formed against red blood cell antigens of the Rh system,how are the blood vessels destroyed?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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