Exam 1: Principles of Pharmacology

Drugs administered _______ have the most rapid onset of action.

Which statement about depot binding is false?

After chronic use, the need to administer more of a drug to achieve the same drug effect is known as

Describe briefly the four types of tolerance.

A patient is prescribed a drug with serious side effects. The doctor is concerned about toxicity so takes several blood samples after administering the drug to monitor it's levels or biological effect, which is also called a _______ for a toxic response.

Write a coherent and informative paragraph using the following terms: nonspecific drug effects, double-blind experiment, placebo, subject expectation.

Repeated use of many psychoactive drugs can cause _______, which can speed up the rate of biotransformation of these drugs as well as others.

For drugs that have a narrow therapeutic window or potentially serious side effects, therapeutic drug monitoring uses _______ to determine the optimum dosage for a new patient.

The absorption of a drug depends on all of the following except

In order for a drug to have an effect, it must first bind to a

Explain why absorption of aspirin is slower from the intestine than from the stomach.

A dose-response curve shows that noncompetitive antagonists alter both the _______ and the _______ of the agonist, while competitive antagonists alter only the _______.

Compare and contrast competitive and noncompetitive antagonists.

Which of the following describes the interaction of two drugs when the combined drug effects are greater than would be predicted from that combination?

Which statement about drug clearance by first-order kinetics is false?

Commonly used during childbirth, an epidural bypasses the _______ barrier. During this procedure, a catheter is placed in the epidural space just outside of the _______.

Drugs that are _______ should be avoided by women of childbearing age.

Agents that induce developmental abnormalities in a fetus are known as

Biotransformation of drugs in the liver often occurs in two stages; phase I changes are _______ and include _______.

Biotransformation of drugs can result in the formation of _______, which enter the circulation and cause _______.