Question 1

A meta-analysis of research published between 2009 and early 2019 suggests that roughly _______ of cannabis users meet the criteria for CUD.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% to 15% 
B)  20% to 25% 
C)  30% to 35% 
D)  40% to 45% 
A)  10% to 15% 
B)  20% to 25% 
C)  30% to 35% 
D)  40% to 45%

Question 2

Which of the following is not a known adverse reaction to marijuana?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anxiety, with high doses 
B)  Feelings of paranoia, with high doses 
C)  Nausea and gastrointestinal upset 
D)  Depersonalization 
A)  Anxiety, with high doses 
B)  Feelings of paranoia, with high doses 
C)  Nausea and gastrointestinal upset 
D)  Depersonalization

Question 3

Brain areas with high expression of cannabinoid receptors are _______ with the behavioral effects of cannabinoids on _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  consistent; locomotor activity, coordination, and memory 
B)  consistent; aggression and the fear response 
C)  not consistent; locomotor activity, coordination, and memory 
D)  not consistent; aggression and the fear response 
A)  consistent; locomotor activity, coordination, and memory 
B)  consistent; aggression and the fear response 
C)  not consistent; locomotor activity, coordination, and memory 
D)  not consistent; aggression and the fear response

Question 4

Describe the differences between the marijuana abstinence syndrome in humans and the precipitated withdrawal syndrome reported in animals. What neural systems seem to be responsible for these behavioral changes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the differences between the marijuana abstinence...

Question 5

Distinguish between the various cannabis derivatives including marijuana, hashish, hash oil, and sinsemilla in terms of potency and route of administration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Distinguish between the various cannabis derivatives including...

Question 6

You would expect that experimentally decreasing 2-AG breakdown in hippocampal glutamatergic neurons in mice would lead to which behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease in time spent sleeping 
B)  Increase in aggression 
C)  Decrease in in anxiety 
D)  Increase in fear 
A)  Decrease in time spent sleeping 
B)  Increase in aggression 
C)  Decrease in in anxiety 
D)  Increase in fear

Question 7

The reinforcing effects of cannabinoids are dependent on _______ and involve _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  CB2 receptors; decreased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens 
B)  μ-opioid receptors; decreased endocannabinoid release in the nucleus accumbens 
C)  CB1 receptors; increased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens 
D)  κ-opioid receptors; increased glutamate release in the prefrontal cortex 
A)  CB2 receptors; decreased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens 
B)  μ-opioid receptors; decreased endocannabinoid release in the nucleus accumbens 
C)  CB1 receptors; increased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens 
D)  κ-opioid receptors; increased glutamate release in the prefrontal cortex

Question 8

_______ increases blood flow in the striatum, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus, and anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, while _______ has the opposite effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  THC; CBD 
B)  CBD; THC 
C)  Methylphenidate; hemp 
D)  Hemp; methylphenidate 
A)  THC; CBD 
B)  CBD; THC 
C)  Methylphenidate; hemp 
D)  Hemp; methylphenidate

Question 9

Which statement about the four stages that describe the subjective marijuana experience is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The "buzz" is characterized by lightheadedness and tingling. 
B)  The "high" is a period of euphoria, laughter, and disinhibition. 
C)  During the "high," people are most likely to report changes in perceptions and time sense. 
D)  When "stoned," people typically report being calm, relaxed, and in a dream-like state. 
A)  The "buzz" is characterized by lightheadedness and tingling. 
B)  The "high" is a period of euphoria, laughter, and disinhibition. 
C)  During the "high," people are most likely to report changes in perceptions and time sense. 
D)  When "stoned," people typically report being calm, relaxed, and in a dream-like state.

Question 10

Identify the two substances that have been shown to act as endocannabinoids in the CNS. List several characteristics of these substances that make them different from more traditional endogenous transmitter substances like dopamine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the two substances that have been...

Question 11

Concerning the time course of THC levels and route of administration,

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma levels of THC peak more rapidly following injection or smoking than via oral administration of the drug. 
B)  people smoking marijuana typically reach their peak THC levels before they finish the cigarette or joint. 
C)  oral administration of THC produces low plasma levels that drop off quickly. 
D)  at maximum THC intoxication after smoking, brain and plasma THC levels are equilibrated. 
A)  plasma levels of THC peak more rapidly following injection or smoking than via oral administration of the drug. 
B)  people smoking marijuana typically reach their peak THC levels before they finish the cigarette or joint. 
C)  oral administration of THC produces low plasma levels that drop off quickly. 
D)  at maximum THC intoxication after smoking, brain and plasma THC levels are equilibrated.

Question 12

Identify two pharmacological treatment approaches and two non-drug treatment approaches for addressing the problems of cannabis dependence. Why are most of these therapies not very successful?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify two pharmacological treatment approaches and two...

Question 13

Recreational synthetic cannabinoids differ from THC in that they are _______ agonists at the CB1 and CB2 receptors and have _______ effects.

Accepted Answer

A)  partial; shorter-acting 
B)  full; less potent 
C)  partial; longer-lasting 
D)  full; more potent 
A)  partial; shorter-acting 
B)  full; less potent 
C)  partial; longer-lasting 
D)  full; more potent

Question 14

The cannabinoids are known for their effectiveness in treating _______; one drug approved in the United States treatment of infants with this issue is the drug _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  jaundice; methylphenidate 
B)  jaundice; NSAIDs 
C)  seizures; Epidiolex 
D)  seizures; Rimonabant 
A)  jaundice; methylphenidate 
B)  jaundice; NSAIDs 
C)  seizures; Epidiolex 
D)  seizures; Rimonabant

Question 15

Under what circumstances do humans show deficits in cognition and psychomotor performance following acute cannabinoid use?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under what circumstances do humans show deficits...

Question 16

In _______ withdrawal, mice that have been habituated to chronic THC are administered the CB1 _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  precipitated; agonist WIN 55,212-2 
B)  precipitated; antagonist SR 141716A 
C)  abrupt; agonist WIN 55,212-2 
D)  abrupt; antagonist SR 141716A 
A)  precipitated; agonist WIN 55,212-2 
B)  precipitated; antagonist SR 141716A 
C)  abrupt; agonist WIN 55,212-2 
D)  abrupt; antagonist SR 141716A

Question 17

To study the role of the endogenous cannabinoids, scientists have used mice genetically engineered to lack _______ receptors, and these knockout mice show _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  CB1; decreased anxiety 
B)  CB1 ; increased anxiety 
C)  TRPV1; decreased anxiety 
D)  TRPV1; increased anxiety 
A)  CB1; decreased anxiety 
B)  CB1 ; increased anxiety 
C)  TRPV1; decreased anxiety 
D)  TRPV1; increased anxiety

Question 18

Recent imaging studies in people with CUD have demonstrated some evidence of abnormalities or alterations in several brain structures, including the

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus accumbens; VTA, and limbic system, and hypothalamus. 
B)  orbitofrontal cortex, temporal lobe, hippocampus and amygdala. 
C)  hypothalamus; prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum. 
D)  VTA; limbic system, and nucleus accumbens. 
A)  nucleus accumbens; VTA, and limbic system, and hypothalamus. 
B)  orbitofrontal cortex, temporal lobe, hippocampus and amygdala. 
C)  hypothalamus; prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum. 
D)  VTA; limbic system, and nucleus accumbens.

Question 19

All of the following are effects that have been correlated with chronic use of marijuana except

Accepted Answer

A)  development of anxiety disorders. 
B)  adverse cardiac effects. 
C)  immune system suppression. 
D)  damage to lung tissue. 
A)  development of anxiety disorders. 
B)  adverse cardiac effects. 
C)  immune system suppression. 
D)  damage to lung tissue.

A meta-analysis of research published between 2009 and early 2019 suggests that roughly _______ of cannabis users meet the criteria for CUD.

Which of the following is not a known adverse reaction to marijuana?

Brain areas with high expression of cannabinoid receptors are _ with the behavioral effects of cannabinoids on _.

Describe the differences between the marijuana abstinence syndrome in humans and the precipitated withdrawal syndrome reported in animals. What neural systems seem to be responsible for these behavioral changes?

Distinguish between the various cannabis derivatives including marijuana, hashish, hash oil, and sinsemilla in terms of potency and route of administration.

You would expect that experimentally decreasing 2-AG breakdown in hippocampal glutamatergic neurons in mice would lead to which behavior?

The reinforcing effects of cannabinoids are dependent on _ and involve _.

_ increases blood flow in the striatum, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus, and anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, while _ has the opposite effect.

Which statement about the four stages that describe the subjective marijuana experience is false?

Identify the two substances that have been shown to act as endocannabinoids in the CNS. List several characteristics of these substances that make them different from more traditional endogenous transmitter substances like dopamine.

Concerning the time course of THC levels and route of administration,

Identify two pharmacological treatment approaches and two non-drug treatment approaches for addressing the problems of cannabis dependence. Why are most of these therapies not very successful?

Recreational synthetic cannabinoids differ from THC in that they are _ agonists at the CB₁ and CB₂ receptors and have _ effects.

The cannabinoids are known for their effectiveness in treating _; one drug approved in the United States treatment of infants with this issue is the drug _.

Under what circumstances do humans show deficits in cognition and psychomotor performance following acute cannabinoid use?

In _ withdrawal, mice that have been habituated to chronic THC are administered the CB₁ _.

To study the role of the endogenous cannabinoids, scientists have used mice genetically engineered to lack _ receptors, and these knockout mice show _.

Recent imaging studies in people with CUD have demonstrated some evidence of abnormalities or alterations in several brain structures, including the

All of the following are effects that have been correlated with chronic use of marijuana except

Principles of Pharmacology

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Chemical Signaling by Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Methods of Research in Psychopharmacology

Catecholamines

Serotonin

Acetylcholine

Glutamate and Gaba

Drug Abuse and Addiction

Alcohol

The Opioids

Psychomotor Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Related Drugs

Nicotine and Caffeine

Hallucinogens, Pcp, and Ketamine

Inhalants, Ghb, and Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Disorders of Anxiety and Impulsivity and the Drugs Used to Treat These Disorders

Affective Disorders: Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Schizophrenia: Antipsychotic Drugs

Neurodegenerative Diseases, by Jennifer R : Yates, Lander University

Filters

Exam 14: Marijuana and the Cannabinoids

A meta-analysis of research published between 2009 and early 2019 suggests that roughly _______ of cannabis users meet the criteria for CUD.

Which of the following is not a known adverse reaction to marijuana?

Brain areas with high expression of cannabinoid receptors are _______ with the behavioral effects of cannabinoids on _______.

Describe the differences between the marijuana abstinence syndrome in humans and the precipitated withdrawal syndrome reported in animals. What neural systems seem to be responsible for these behavioral changes?

Distinguish between the various cannabis derivatives including marijuana, hashish, hash oil, and sinsemilla in terms of potency and route of administration.

You would expect that experimentally decreasing 2-AG breakdown in hippocampal glutamatergic neurons in mice would lead to which behavior?

The reinforcing effects of cannabinoids are dependent on _______ and involve _______.

_______ increases blood flow in the striatum, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus, and anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, while _______ has the opposite effect.

Which statement about the four stages that describe the subjective marijuana experience is false?

Identify the two substances that have been shown to act as endocannabinoids in the CNS. List several characteristics of these substances that make them different from more traditional endogenous transmitter substances like dopamine.

Concerning the time course of THC levels and route of administration,

Identify two pharmacological treatment approaches and two non-drug treatment approaches for addressing the problems of cannabis dependence. Why are most of these therapies not very successful?

Recreational synthetic cannabinoids differ from THC in that they are _______ agonists at the CB1 and CB2 receptors and have _______ effects.

The cannabinoids are known for their effectiveness in treating _______; one drug approved in the United States treatment of infants with this issue is the drug _______.

Under what circumstances do humans show deficits in cognition and psychomotor performance following acute cannabinoid use?

In _______ withdrawal, mice that have been habituated to chronic THC are administered the CB1 _______.

To study the role of the endogenous cannabinoids, scientists have used mice genetically engineered to lack _______ receptors, and these knockout mice show _______.

Recent imaging studies in people with CUD have demonstrated some evidence of abnormalities or alterations in several brain structures, including the

All of the following are effects that have been correlated with chronic use of marijuana except

Principles of Pharmacology

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Chemical Signaling by Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Methods of Research in Psychopharmacology

Catecholamines

Serotonin

Acetylcholine

Glutamate and Gaba

Drug Abuse and Addiction

Alcohol

The Opioids

Psychomotor Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Related Drugs

Nicotine and Caffeine

Hallucinogens, Pcp, and Ketamine

Inhalants, Ghb, and Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Disorders of Anxiety and Impulsivity and the Drugs Used to Treat These Disorders

Affective Disorders: Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Schizophrenia: Antipsychotic Drugs

Neurodegenerative Diseases, by Jennifer R : Yates, Lander University

Filters

Brain areas with high expression of cannabinoid receptors are _ with the behavioral effects of cannabinoids on _.

The reinforcing effects of cannabinoids are dependent on _ and involve _.

_ increases blood flow in the striatum, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus, and anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, while _ has the opposite effect.

Recreational synthetic cannabinoids differ from THC in that they are _ agonists at the CB₁ and CB₂ receptors and have _ effects.

The cannabinoids are known for their effectiveness in treating _; one drug approved in the United States treatment of infants with this issue is the drug _.

In _ withdrawal, mice that have been habituated to chronic THC are administered the CB₁ _.

To study the role of the endogenous cannabinoids, scientists have used mice genetically engineered to lack _ receptors, and these knockout mice show _.