Question 1

Which of the following is not among the discoveries showing that cannabinoids are reinforcing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regular marijuana users choose THC-containing cigarettes over placebo cigarettes with no THC. 
B)  THC taken orally is preferred over a placebo capsule with no THC. 
C)  Users reliably choose higher THC content cigarettes over those with a lower THC content. 
D)  Animals tested reliably self-administer high doses of THC. 
A)  Regular marijuana users choose THC-containing cigarettes over placebo cigarettes with no THC. 
B)  THC taken orally is preferred over a placebo capsule with no THC. 
C)  Users reliably choose higher THC content cigarettes over those with a lower THC content. 
D)  Animals tested reliably self-administer high doses of THC.

Question 2

Tolerance to THC

Accepted Answer

A)  is not well established in animals. 
B)  is mainly due to metabolic tolerance in both humans and animals. 
C)  occurs very slowly over a six-week period. 
D)  has been measured in terms of decreases in CB1 receptor densities. 
A)  is not well established in animals. 
B)  is mainly due to metabolic tolerance in both humans and animals. 
C)  occurs very slowly over a six-week period. 
D)  has been measured in terms of decreases in CB1 receptor densities.

Question 3

Which statement regarding treatment of CUD is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Outpatient programs and cognitive behavior therapy are not part of treatment for CUD. 
B)  It is much more successful than treatment of other drug dependence problems, with very little relapse. 
C)  The FDA has approved several medications for treatment of CUD. 
D)  It could someday include the use cannabinoid agonists to moderate marijuana cravings. 
A)  Outpatient programs and cognitive behavior therapy are not part of treatment for CUD. 
B)  It is much more successful than treatment of other drug dependence problems, with very little relapse. 
C)  The FDA has approved several medications for treatment of CUD. 
D)  It could someday include the use cannabinoid agonists to moderate marijuana cravings.

Question 4

Identify the known effects of chronic cannabis use on health. What areas need to be researched further?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the known effects of chronic cannabis...

Question 5

Describe the discovery of the cannabinoid receptor (CB1) by two independent research groups. Characterize the receptor in terms of its location in the CNS, probable location within the synapse, and the cellular effects it is responsible for. Identify a CB1 receptor antagonist that has been used to clarify the role of this receptor.

Accepted Answer

Question 6

What is the evidence that marijuana use is a serious national problem that shows little sign of improving or being influenced by current drug control policies? What age group seems to be at the greatest risk for cannabis use?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the evidence that marijuana use...

Question 7

Which statement about the endocannabinoids is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are synthesized by FAAH. 
B)  They include arachidonic derivatives such as 2-AG and anandamide. 
C)  They are stored in vesicles. 
D)  They are synthesized and released in response to K+. 
A)  They are synthesized by FAAH. 
B)  They include arachidonic derivatives such as 2-AG and anandamide. 
C)  They are stored in vesicles. 
D)  They are synthesized and released in response to K+.

Question 8

Animal studies on the rewarding effects of cannabinoids have demonstrated

Accepted Answer

A)  that THC is aversive to all species tested. 
B)  that animals will self-administer the synthetic drugs WIN 55,212-2 and SR 141716A. 
C)  the importance of using low THC doses and pre-exposure to the drug. 
D)  reinforcing effects of THC in the place conditioning task but not the self-administration paradigm. 
A)  that THC is aversive to all species tested. 
B)  that animals will self-administer the synthetic drugs WIN 55,212-2 and SR 141716A. 
C)  the importance of using low THC doses and pre-exposure to the drug. 
D)  reinforcing effects of THC in the place conditioning task but not the self-administration paradigm.

Question 9

People with CUD are more likely than average to have

Accepted Answer

A)  a high-pressure job. 
B)  low self-esteem. 
C)  achieved higher levels of education. 
D)  another substance use disorder. 
A)  a high-pressure job. 
B)  low self-esteem. 
C)  achieved higher levels of education. 
D)  another substance use disorder.

Question 10

Describe the historical use of marijuana as agricultural commodity, medicine, and recreational drug. What role did Harry Anslinger and various regulatory policies have on this use in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the historical use of marijuana as...

Question 11

Which statement regarding the most prevalent CNS cannabinoid receptor is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is highly expressed in astrocytes. 
B)  It is an ionotropic receptor, designated CB1. 
C)  It plays a role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory through the MAP kinase system. 
D)  Its expression is higher in glutamatergic than in GABAergic neurons 
A)  It is highly expressed in astrocytes. 
B)  It is an ionotropic receptor, designated CB1. 
C)  It plays a role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory through the MAP kinase system. 
D)  Its expression is higher in glutamatergic than in GABAergic neurons

Question 12

Harry Anslinger

Accepted Answer

A)  was a former drug "czar" appointed by President Bush. 
B)  is the current director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy. 
C)  was the first U.S. commissioner of narcotics. 
D)  opposed the Marijuana Tax Act in 1937. 
A)  was a former drug "czar" appointed by President Bush. 
B)  is the current director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy. 
C)  was the first U.S. commissioner of narcotics. 
D)  opposed the Marijuana Tax Act in 1937.

Question 13

The amount of active ingredient absorbed during marijuana smoking depends on all of the following except for the

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of plant material used. 
B)  potency of the plant material used. 
C)  psychological state of the user. 
D)  volume of each "puff" or inhalation. 
A)  amount of plant material used. 
B)  potency of the plant material used. 
C)  psychological state of the user. 
D)  volume of each "puff" or inhalation.

Question 14

One of the most reliable physiological effects of cannabis use in humans is

Accepted Answer

A)  slowing of heart rate. 
B)  decreased blood flow to the skin. 
C)  faint pulse. 
D)  increased hunger. 
A)  slowing of heart rate. 
B)  decreased blood flow to the skin. 
C)  faint pulse. 
D)  increased hunger.

Question 15

Endocannabinoids contribute to retrograde signaling in the hippocampus,
Striatum, and cerebellum by

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking the reuptake transporters. 
B)  blocking CB1 autoreceptors on the presynaptic terminals. 
C)  inhibiting Ca2+-mediated vesicular neurotransmitter release. 
D)  activating CB1 receptors and increasing GABA release. 
A)  blocking the reuptake transporters. 
B)  blocking CB1 autoreceptors on the presynaptic terminals. 
C)  inhibiting Ca2+-mediated vesicular neurotransmitter release. 
D)  activating CB1 receptors and increasing GABA release.

Question 16

CUD and cannabis tolerance has been shown to result in _______ levels of glutamate in certain brain areas and may be responsible for the ______ in people with CUD.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower; increased anxiety 
B)  lower; cognitive deficits 
C)  higher; disorientation 
D)  variable; unpredictability 
A)  lower; increased anxiety 
B)  lower; cognitive deficits 
C)  higher; disorientation 
D)  variable; unpredictability

Question 17

Describe the neural mechanisms that underlie both the reinforcing and aversive aspects of cannabinoid administration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the neural mechanisms that underlie both...

Question 18

Which statement about the mechanism of CBD action is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It may decrease the activity of the endogenous cannabinoid system by enhancing breakdown of endogenous cannabinoids. 
B)  It may enhance the activity of the endocannabinoid system by inhibiting the breakdown of endogenous cannabinoids. 
C)  It synergizes with endogenous cannabinoids, thereby amplifying their effect. 
D)  It decreases adenosine signaling. 
A)  It may decrease the activity of the endogenous cannabinoid system by enhancing breakdown of endogenous cannabinoids. 
B)  It may enhance the activity of the endocannabinoid system by inhibiting the breakdown of endogenous cannabinoids. 
C)  It synergizes with endogenous cannabinoids, thereby amplifying their effect. 
D)  It decreases adenosine signaling.

Question 19

A major risk of using an herbal preparation containing synthetic cannabinoids is

Accepted Answer

A)  the cannabinoids may interact with the herbs, resulting in toxicity. 
B)  synthetic cannabinoids are slower-acting, so often too much is taken before the user realizes it. 
C)  higher potency and possibility of super-concentrations or hot spots; areas where drug is more concentrated in the formula. 
D)  synthetic cannabinoids have a higher addiction potential. 
A)  the cannabinoids may interact with the herbs, resulting in toxicity. 
B)  synthetic cannabinoids are slower-acting, so often too much is taken before the user realizes it. 
C)  higher potency and possibility of super-concentrations or hot spots; areas where drug is more concentrated in the formula. 
D)  synthetic cannabinoids have a higher addiction potential.

Question 20

In animal studies, what types of brain changes have been observed following adolescent exposure to marijuana?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In animal studies, what types of brain...

Which of the following is not among the discoveries showing that cannabinoids are reinforcing?

Tolerance to THC

Which statement regarding treatment of CUD is true?

Identify the known effects of chronic cannabis use on health. What areas need to be researched further?

What is the evidence that marijuana use is a serious national problem that shows little sign of improving or being influenced by current drug control policies? What age group seems to be at the greatest risk for cannabis use?

Which statement about the endocannabinoids is true?

Animal studies on the rewarding effects of cannabinoids have demonstrated

People with CUD are more likely than average to have

Describe the historical use of marijuana as agricultural commodity, medicine, and recreational drug. What role did Harry Anslinger and various regulatory policies have on this use in the United States?

Which statement regarding the most prevalent CNS cannabinoid receptor is false?

Harry Anslinger

The amount of active ingredient absorbed during marijuana smoking depends on all of the following except for the

One of the most reliable physiological effects of cannabis use in humans is

Endocannabinoids contribute to retrograde signaling in the hippocampus, Striatum, and cerebellum by

CUD and cannabis tolerance has been shown to result in _ levels of glutamate in certain brain areas and may be responsible for the in people with CUD.

Describe the neural mechanisms that underlie both the reinforcing and aversive aspects of cannabinoid administration.

Which statement about the mechanism of CBD action is true?

A major risk of using an herbal preparation containing synthetic cannabinoids is

In animal studies, what types of brain changes have been observed following adolescent exposure to marijuana?

Principles of Pharmacology

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Chemical Signaling by Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Methods of Research in Psychopharmacology

Catecholamines

Serotonin

Acetylcholine

Glutamate and Gaba

Drug Abuse and Addiction

Alcohol

The Opioids

Psychomotor Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Related Drugs

Nicotine and Caffeine

Hallucinogens, Pcp, and Ketamine

Inhalants, Ghb, and Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Disorders of Anxiety and Impulsivity and the Drugs Used to Treat These Disorders

Affective Disorders: Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Schizophrenia: Antipsychotic Drugs

Neurodegenerative Diseases, by Jennifer R : Yates, Lander University

Filters

Exam 14: Marijuana and the Cannabinoids

Which of the following is not among the discoveries showing that cannabinoids are reinforcing?

Tolerance to THC

Which statement regarding treatment of CUD is true?

Identify the known effects of chronic cannabis use on health. What areas need to be researched further?

What is the evidence that marijuana use is a serious national problem that shows little sign of improving or being influenced by current drug control policies? What age group seems to be at the greatest risk for cannabis use?

Which statement about the endocannabinoids is true?

Animal studies on the rewarding effects of cannabinoids have demonstrated

People with CUD are more likely than average to have

Describe the historical use of marijuana as agricultural commodity, medicine, and recreational drug. What role did Harry Anslinger and various regulatory policies have on this use in the United States?

Which statement regarding the most prevalent CNS cannabinoid receptor is false?

Harry Anslinger

The amount of active ingredient absorbed during marijuana smoking depends on all of the following except for the

One of the most reliable physiological effects of cannabis use in humans is

Endocannabinoids contribute to retrograde signaling in the hippocampus, Striatum, and cerebellum by

CUD and cannabis tolerance has been shown to result in _______ levels of glutamate in certain brain areas and may be responsible for the ______ in people with CUD.

Describe the neural mechanisms that underlie both the reinforcing and aversive aspects of cannabinoid administration.

Which statement about the mechanism of CBD action is true?

A major risk of using an herbal preparation containing synthetic cannabinoids is

In animal studies, what types of brain changes have been observed following adolescent exposure to marijuana?

Principles of Pharmacology

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Chemical Signaling by Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Methods of Research in Psychopharmacology

Catecholamines

Serotonin

Acetylcholine

Glutamate and Gaba

Drug Abuse and Addiction

Alcohol

The Opioids

Psychomotor Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Related Drugs

Nicotine and Caffeine

Hallucinogens, Pcp, and Ketamine

Inhalants, Ghb, and Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Disorders of Anxiety and Impulsivity and the Drugs Used to Treat These Disorders

Affective Disorders: Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Schizophrenia: Antipsychotic Drugs

Neurodegenerative Diseases, by Jennifer R : Yates, Lander University

Filters

CUD and cannabis tolerance has been shown to result in _ levels of glutamate in certain brain areas and may be responsible for the in people with CUD.