Question 1

A basal body is most closely related to a:

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosome. 
B)  thylakoid. 
C)  centriole. 
D)  centrosome. 
E)  lysosome. 
A)  ribosome. 
B)  thylakoid. 
C)  centriole. 
D)  centrosome. 
E)  lysosome.

Question 2

The structures in the micrograph are:

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts. 
B)  cilia. 
C)  rough ER. 
D)  flagella. 
E)  B and D. 
A)  chloroplasts. 
B)  cilia. 
C)  rough ER. 
D)  flagella. 
E)  B and D.

Question 3

Which of the following descriptions or structures does NOT match the cell type?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sperm cells have flagella. 
B)  Nerve cells have long, thin extensions. 
C)  Epithelial cells are rectangular. 
D)  White blood cells can change shape. 
E)  Smallest cell are egg cells. 
A)  Sperm cells have flagella. 
B)  Nerve cells have long, thin extensions. 
C)  Epithelial cells are rectangular. 
D)  White blood cells can change shape. 
E)  Smallest cell are egg cells.

Question 4

One function of peroxisomes involves the process of:

Accepted Answer

A)  cell death. 
B)  water storage. 
C)  protein synthesis. 
D)  DNA replication. 
E)  detoxification. 
A)  cell death. 
B)  water storage. 
C)  protein synthesis. 
D)  DNA replication. 
E)  detoxification.

Question 5

As a result of testing an experimental drip on a vertebrate cell, you notice that the cell cortex becomes more fluid, and although the cell remains strong, it loses its ability to move.Based on this evidence, you correctly conclude that the drug most directly affected:

Accepted Answer

A)  $\alpha$-tubulin. 
B)  $\beta$-tubulin. 
C)  actin filaments. 
D)  myosin. 
E)  intermediate filaments. 
A)  $\alpha$-tubulin. 
B)  $\beta$-tubulin. 
C)  actin filaments. 
D)  myosin. 
E)  intermediate filaments.

Question 6

Cells that secrete large amounts of glycoprotein have many Golgi stacks.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

You want to determine the location of a specific protein in a cell using a colored stain.Which of the following is the best technique for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  electron microscopy 
B)  phase contrast microscopy 
C)  bright-field microscopy 
D)  fluorescence microscopy 
E)  dark-field microscopy 
A)  electron microscopy 
B)  phase contrast microscopy 
C)  bright-field microscopy 
D)  fluorescence microscopy 
E)  dark-field microscopy

Question 8

If a toxin, such as a bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, what cellular activity will be affected first?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein synthesis 
B)  DNA synthesis 
C)  movement 
D)  energy storage 
E)  active transport 
A)  protein synthesis 
B)  DNA synthesis 
C)  movement 
D)  energy storage 
E)  active transport

Question 9

Which of the following structures or activities is NOT directly part of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

A)  budding 
B)  lysosomes 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  peroxisomes 
E)  Golgi complex 
A)  budding 
B)  lysosomes 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  peroxisomes 
E)  Golgi complex

Question 10

Intermediate filaments are most closely associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  actin. 
B)  microvilli. 
C)  pseudopodia. 
D)  keratins. 
E)  myosin. 
A)  actin. 
B)  microvilli. 
C)  pseudopodia. 
D)  keratins. 
E)  myosin.

Question 11

In animal cells the main microtubule organizing center (or centrosome) is important in cell division.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Mitochondria play an important role in cell necrosis.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Figure 4-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which of the following functions would most likely be occurring in the structure surrounded by the box in Figure 4-2?

Accepted Answer

A)  apoptosis 
B)  dynein movement 
C)  formation of hydrogen peroxide 
D)  molecular chaperone activity 
E)  cholesterol synthesis 
A)  apoptosis 
B)  dynein movement 
C)  formation of hydrogen peroxide 
D)  molecular chaperone activity 
E)  cholesterol synthesis

Question 14

Briefly explain the relationship between the surface area and volume of a cell and overall cell size.List two ways in which organisms have successfully "solved" this problem.

Accepted Answer

The surface area of a cell must be large

Question 15

You isolate a cellular structure and determine that it is composed of $\alpha$-tubulin and $\beta$-tubulin.Based on this evidence, you correctly identify this structure as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a structural MAP. 
B)  a microfilament. 
C)  a microtubule. 
D)  an actin filament. 
E)  a myosin filament. 
A)  a structural MAP. 
B)  a microfilament. 
C)  a microtubule. 
D)  an actin filament. 
E)  a myosin filament.

Question 16

The ratio of the size of the image seen with the microscope to the actual size of the object is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  magnification. 
B)  resolution. 
C)  resolving power. 
D)  centrifugation. 
E)  fractionation. 
A)  magnification. 
B)  resolution. 
C)  resolving power. 
D)  centrifugation. 
E)  fractionation.

Question 17

DNA is associated with proteins, forming a complex called:

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes. 
B)  nucleoli. 
C)  nucleus. 
D)  genes. 
E)  chromatin. 
A)  chromosomes. 
B)  nucleoli. 
C)  nucleus. 
D)  genes. 
E)  chromatin.

Question 18

The accompanying figure is the product of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  phase-contrast light microscope. 
B)  Nomarski differential interference microscope. 
C)  transmission electron microscope. 
D)  scanning electron microscope. 
E)  confocal fluorescence microscope. 
A)  phase-contrast light microscope. 
B)  Nomarski differential interference microscope. 
C)  transmission electron microscope. 
D)  scanning electron microscope. 
E)  confocal fluorescence microscope.

Question 19

Figure 4-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 4-2.The cellular structure indicated by the arrow is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid and fatty acid metabolism. 
B)  protein synthesis. 
C)  digestion of unused organelles. 
D)  replication. 
E)  cellular respiration. 
A)  lipid and fatty acid metabolism. 
B)  protein synthesis. 
C)  digestion of unused organelles. 
D)  replication. 
E)  cellular respiration.

Question 20

Membrane-bounded organelles facilitate faster chemical reactions because:

Accepted Answer

A)  reactants are within close proximity to each other. 
B)  membranes lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. 
C)  membrane-bounded organelles act as catalysts for biochemical reactions. 
D)  reactants move faster within membrane-bounded organelles. 
E)  reactants are less likely to encounter each other within membrane-bounded organelles. 
A)  reactants are within close proximity to each other. 
B)  membranes lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. 
C)  membrane-bounded organelles act as catalysts for biochemical reactions. 
D)  reactants move faster within membrane-bounded organelles. 
E)  reactants are less likely to encounter each other within membrane-bounded organelles.

Exam 4: Organization of the Cell

A basal body is most closely related to a:

The structures in the micrograph are:

Which of the following descriptions or structures does NOT match the cell type?

One function of peroxisomes involves the process of:

As a result of testing an experimental drip on a vertebrate cell, you notice that the cell cortex becomes more fluid, and although the cell remains strong, it loses its ability to move.Based on this evidence, you correctly conclude that the drug most directly affected:

Cells that secrete large amounts of glycoprotein have many Golgi stacks. __________________

You want to determine the location of a specific protein in a cell using a colored stain.Which of the following is the best technique for this purpose?

If a toxin, such as a bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, what cellular activity will be affected first?

Which of the following structures or activities is NOT directly part of the endomembrane system?

Intermediate filaments are most closely associated with which of the following?

In animal cells the main microtubule organizing center (or centrosome) is important in cell division. __________________

Mitochondria play an important role in cell necrosis. __________________

Figure 4-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which of the following functions would most likely be occurring in the structure surrounded by the box in Figure 4-2?

Briefly explain the relationship between the surface area and volume of a cell and overall cell size.List two ways in which organisms have successfully "solved" this problem.

You isolate a cellular structure and determine that it is composed of α\alphaα -tubulin and β\betaβ -tubulin.Based on this evidence, you correctly identify this structure as:

The ratio of the size of the image seen with the microscope to the actual size of the object is called:

DNA is associated with proteins, forming a complex called:

The accompanying figure is the product of a:

Figure 4-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 4-2.The cellular structure indicated by the arrow is responsible for:

Membrane-bounded organelles facilitate faster chemical reactions because:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

You isolate a cellular structure and determine that it is composed of $\alpha$ -tubulin and $\beta$ -tubulin.Based on this evidence, you correctly identify this structure as: