Question 1

The __________ can be considered a sorting, processing and packaging center.

Accepted Answer

A)  centriole 
B)  centrosome 
C)  Golgi complex 
D)  vacuole 
E)  cytoskeleton 
A)  centriole 
B)  centrosome 
C)  Golgi complex 
D)  vacuole 
E)  cytoskeleton

Question 2

Some cells are very large, seemingly in defiance of maintaining a large surface area to volume ratio.What are some strategies or adaptations that these cells may use in order to maintain a reasonable surface area to volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Changing

Question 3

Differential centrifugation is a process that:

Accepted Answer

A)  separates different components of the cell that function differently. 
B)  separates components of the cell that have a different chemical makeup. 
C)  analyzes the chemical components of the cell. 
D)  separates components of the cell that have different densities. 
E)  allows researchers to view the contents of the cells. 
A)  separates different components of the cell that function differently. 
B)  separates components of the cell that have a different chemical makeup. 
C)  analyzes the chemical components of the cell. 
D)  separates components of the cell that have different densities. 
E)  allows researchers to view the contents of the cells.

Question 4

Electron microscopes have a much higher resolution than either the human eye or any light microscope because:

Accepted Answer

A)  of their higher magnification. 
B)  the lenses used are of much higher quality. 
C)  of the very short (nanometer) wavelengths of electrons. 
D)  the images are viewed on screens, rather than directly using an eyepiece or ocular lens. 
E)  it can be used to view stained or living cells. 
A)  of their higher magnification. 
B)  the lenses used are of much higher quality. 
C)  of the very short (nanometer) wavelengths of electrons. 
D)  the images are viewed on screens, rather than directly using an eyepiece or ocular lens. 
E)  it can be used to view stained or living cells.

Question 5

Golgi complexes of prokaryotic cells produce extracellullar polysaccharides that are used to make cell walls.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Figure 4-4
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which of the following structures would not be found in cells of a plant's roots?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria 
B)  chloroplasts 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  nucleus 
E)  Golgi complex 
A)  mitochondria 
B)  chloroplasts 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  nucleus 
E)  Golgi complex

Question 7

Figure 4-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The main process that occurs at the site of the structures marked by arrows in Figure 4-3 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  protein synthesis. 
B)  photosynthesis. 
C)  conversion of food molecules to ATP. 
D)  processing and packaging of proteins. 
E)  transcription. 
A)  protein synthesis. 
B)  photosynthesis. 
C)  conversion of food molecules to ATP. 
D)  processing and packaging of proteins. 
E)  transcription.

Question 8

The scanning electron microscope differs from the transmission electron microscope in that the scanning electron microscope:

Accepted Answer

A)  can view a live specimen. 
B)  relies on the detection of electrons from the beam after contact with the specimens. 
C)  can view the internal structure of a cell. 
D)  utilizes a beam of light that passes through the specimen. 
E)  gives a three dimensional image of the object being studied. 
A)  can view a live specimen. 
B)  relies on the detection of electrons from the beam after contact with the specimens. 
C)  can view the internal structure of a cell. 
D)  utilizes a beam of light that passes through the specimen. 
E)  gives a three dimensional image of the object being studied.

Question 9

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  middle lamella-cellulose 
B)  integrins-receptors 
C)  primary cell wall-pectin 
D)  fibronectins-wood 
E)  secondary cell wall-glycoproteins 
A)  middle lamella-cellulose 
B)  integrins-receptors 
C)  primary cell wall-pectin 
D)  fibronectins-wood 
E)  secondary cell wall-glycoproteins

Question 10

A eukaryotic cell:

Accepted Answer

A)  is usually smaller than a prokaryotic cell. 
B)  has its DNA concentrated in one area of the cell without a nuclear membrane. 
C)  typically has a cell wall, in addition to a plasma membrane. 
D)  is exemplified by bacteria. 
E)  has a variety of membranous organelles. 
A)  is usually smaller than a prokaryotic cell. 
B)  has its DNA concentrated in one area of the cell without a nuclear membrane. 
C)  typically has a cell wall, in addition to a plasma membrane. 
D)  is exemplified by bacteria. 
E)  has a variety of membranous organelles.

Question 11

Figure 4-1
Use the figure below to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-One strategy that allows larger cells to have an effective surface area to volume ratio is:

Accepted Answer

A)  having a completely spherical shape. 
B)  being short and fat. 
C)  having thin, finger-like projections. 
D)  having a thinner plasma membrane. 
E)  locomotion. 
A)  having a completely spherical shape. 
B)  being short and fat. 
C)  having thin, finger-like projections. 
D)  having a thinner plasma membrane. 
E)  locomotion.

Question 12

It is advantageous for cells to be small because:

Accepted Answer

A)  a small cell size prevents a cell from weighing too much. 
B)  a small cell size occupies less space in nature where space is limited. 
C)  a small cell has a small volume relative to surface area, thereby increasing efficient transport. 
D)  a small cell has a small surface area relative to volume, thereby facilitating ion balance. 
E)  a small cell is better able to conserve energy than a larger cell. 
A)  a small cell size prevents a cell from weighing too much. 
B)  a small cell size occupies less space in nature where space is limited. 
C)  a small cell has a small volume relative to surface area, thereby increasing efficient transport. 
D)  a small cell has a small surface area relative to volume, thereby facilitating ion balance. 
E)  a small cell is better able to conserve energy than a larger cell.

Question 13

Figure 4-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The structures indicated by the arrows in Figure 4-3 are:

Accepted Answer

A)  intermembrane space. 
B)  grana. 
C)  cristae. 
D)  matrices. 
E)  plastids. 
A)  intermembrane space. 
B)  grana. 
C)  cristae. 
D)  matrices. 
E)  plastids.

Question 14

Figure 4-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Proteins made on ribosomes may be further modified within the:

Accepted Answer

A)  lysosomes. 
B)  nucleus. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi complex. 
E)  peroxisomes. 
A)  lysosomes. 
B)  nucleus. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi complex. 
E)  peroxisomes.

Question 15

Nucleoli contain chromosomal regions that specialize in making:

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  RNA. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  hormones. 
A)  proteins. 
B)  RNA. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  hormones.

Question 16

Figure 4-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The organelle featured in Figure 4-3:

Accepted Answer

A)  is present in a few prokaryotes. 
B)  is the major site of protein synthesis in the cell. 
C)  plays a vital role in packaging materials to be secreted. 
D)  plays a central role in energy metabolism. 
E)  is located in the nucleus. 
A)  is present in a few prokaryotes. 
B)  is the major site of protein synthesis in the cell. 
C)  plays a vital role in packaging materials to be secreted. 
D)  plays a central role in energy metabolism. 
E)  is located in the nucleus.

Question 17

The theory that chloroplasts and mitochondria had their evolutionary beginnings in eukaryotic cells as endosymbionts is supported by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts and mitochondria are completely autonomous within eukaryotic cells. 
B)  chloroplasts and mitochondria have DNA. 
C)  chloroplasts and mitochondria have small ribosomes for protein synthesis. 
D)  chloroplasts and mitochondria are approximately the same size as prokaryotic cells. 
E)  chloroplasts and mitochondria have the same shape as prokaryotic cells. 
A)  chloroplasts and mitochondria are completely autonomous within eukaryotic cells. 
B)  chloroplasts and mitochondria have DNA. 
C)  chloroplasts and mitochondria have small ribosomes for protein synthesis. 
D)  chloroplasts and mitochondria are approximately the same size as prokaryotic cells. 
E)  chloroplasts and mitochondria have the same shape as prokaryotic cells.

Question 18

Which of the following is(are) located between the primary walls of adjacent cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  intermediate filaments 
B)  myosin 
C)  actin filaments 
D)  middle lamella 
E)  secondary wall 
A)  intermediate filaments 
B)  myosin 
C)  actin filaments 
D)  middle lamella 
E)  secondary wall

Question 19

The existence of a separate set of enzymes and DNA molecules in mitochondria and chloroplasts provide support for serial endosymbiosis.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is a key component of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)  centrosome 
B)  microtubules 
C)  DNA 
D)  ribosomes 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  centrosome 
B)  microtubules 
C)  DNA 
D)  ribosomes 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum

Exam 4: Organization of the Cell

The __________ can be considered a sorting, processing and packaging center.

Some cells are very large, seemingly in defiance of maintaining a large surface area to volume ratio.What are some strategies or adaptations that these cells may use in order to maintain a reasonable surface area to volume ratio?

Differential centrifugation is a process that:

Electron microscopes have a much higher resolution than either the human eye or any light microscope because:

Golgi complexes of prokaryotic cells produce extracellullar polysaccharides that are used to make cell walls. __________________

Figure 4-4 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which of the following structures would not be found in cells of a plant's roots?

Figure 4-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The main process that occurs at the site of the structures marked by arrows in Figure 4-3 is:

The scanning electron microscope differs from the transmission electron microscope in that the scanning electron microscope:

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

A eukaryotic cell:

Figure 4-1 Use the figure below to answer the corresponding question(s). -One strategy that allows larger cells to have an effective surface area to volume ratio is:

It is advantageous for cells to be small because:

Figure 4-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The structures indicated by the arrows in Figure 4-3 are:

Figure 4-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Proteins made on ribosomes may be further modified within the:

Nucleoli contain chromosomal regions that specialize in making:

Figure 4-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The organelle featured in Figure 4-3:

The theory that chloroplasts and mitochondria had their evolutionary beginnings in eukaryotic cells as endosymbionts is supported by all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is(are) located between the primary walls of adjacent cells?

The existence of a separate set of enzymes and DNA molecules in mitochondria and chloroplasts provide support for serial endosymbiosis. __________________

Which of the following is a key component of the cytoskeleton?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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