Question 1

A ribosome has one binding site for mRNA and two binding sites for tRNAs.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The process in which RNA is synthesized using a DNA template is called translation.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The translocation process requires:

Accepted Answer

A)  no additional energy. 
B)  activation of the P site. 
C)  the input of two ATP molecules to supply the needed energy. 
D)  energy supplied by GTP. 
E)  phosphorylation of the mRNA molecule. 
A)  no additional energy. 
B)  activation of the P site. 
C)  the input of two ATP molecules to supply the needed energy. 
D)  energy supplied by GTP. 
E)  phosphorylation of the mRNA molecule.

Question 4

Figure 13-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 13-3.The transcription process most likely began at the area labeled:

Accepted Answer

A)  A. 
B)  D. 
C)  E. 
D)  G. 
E)  F 
A)  A. 
B)  D. 
C)  E. 
D)  G. 
E)  F

Question 5

A nonsense mutation is a base-pair substitution that results in the replacement of one amino acid with another.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Ribose differs from deoxyribose by having:

Accepted Answer

A)  two attached bases. 
B)  one less oxygen. 
C)  an extra hydroxyl group. 
D)  an extra carbon in the ring. 
E)  one less carbon in the ring. 
A)  two attached bases. 
B)  one less oxygen. 
C)  an extra hydroxyl group. 
D)  an extra carbon in the ring. 
E)  one less carbon in the ring.

Question 7

Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.Include the similarities and differences of their chemical structures, as well as their roles within the cell, in your comparison.

Accepted Answer

DNA and RNA are both polynucleotides.DNA

Question 8

During protein synthesis, ribosomes:

Accepted Answer

A)  attach to the mRNA molecule and travel along its length. 
B)  attach to the DNA molecule and travel along its length to produce an mRNA molecule. 
C)  translate mRNA into tRNA. 
D)  transcribe mRNA to tRNA. 
E)  translate mRNA into DNA. 
A)  attach to the mRNA molecule and travel along its length. 
B)  attach to the DNA molecule and travel along its length to produce an mRNA molecule. 
C)  translate mRNA into tRNA. 
D)  transcribe mRNA to tRNA. 
E)  translate mRNA into DNA.

Question 9

Figure 13-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The transcript in Figure 13-3 is labeled:

Accepted Answer

A)  A. 
B)  B. 
C)  C. 
D)  D. 
E)  E. 
A)  A. 
B)  B. 
C)  C. 
D)  D. 
E)  E.

Question 10

Beadle and Tatum irradiated Neurospora and initially grew the mutant strains on complete medium.How were they able to determine what type of mutation each strain had?

Accepted Answer

A)  By growing the mold on a complete medium with extra vitamins and nutrients. 
B)  By growing the mold on minimal media supplemented with different combinations of amino acids, vitamins, etc. 
C)  By growing the mold in its diploid form to see which traits were masked. 
D)  By comparing Neurospora to other species of mold. 
E)  By observing the marked differences in morphology between the different strains. 
A)  By growing the mold on a complete medium with extra vitamins and nutrients. 
B)  By growing the mold on minimal media supplemented with different combinations of amino acids, vitamins, etc. 
C)  By growing the mold in its diploid form to see which traits were masked. 
D)  By comparing Neurospora to other species of mold. 
E)  By observing the marked differences in morphology between the different strains.

Question 11

The 3' trailing sequences are located before the stop codon.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The function of snRNPs is to splice together introns.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Figure 13-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The process illustrated in Figure 13-3 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA synthesis. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  a frame shift mutation. 
E)  protein synthesis. 
A)  DNA synthesis. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  a frame shift mutation. 
E)  protein synthesis.

Question 14

Figure 13-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 13-3.The component labeled B is:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNase. 
B)  DNA polymerase. 
C)  RNA primase. 
D)  RNA polymerase. 
E)  reverse transcriptase. 
A)  DNase. 
B)  DNA polymerase. 
C)  RNA primase. 
D)  RNA polymerase. 
E)  reverse transcriptase.

Question 15

Why was it important in the studies of Beadle and Tatum that Neurospora is haploid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because it is easier to grow haploid molds in the laboratory. 
B)  Because haploid molds have simpler nutritional requirements than do diploid molds. 
C)  Because a mutation that arises is not masked by a normal allele on a homologous chromosome. 
D)  Because haploid Neurospora will always mutate. 
E)  Because diploid Neurospora will always mutate. 
A)  Because it is easier to grow haploid molds in the laboratory. 
B)  Because haploid molds have simpler nutritional requirements than do diploid molds. 
C)  Because a mutation that arises is not masked by a normal allele on a homologous chromosome. 
D)  Because haploid Neurospora will always mutate. 
E)  Because diploid Neurospora will always mutate.

Question 16

Molecular chaperones assist in the folding of newly synthesized mRNAs.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The codon is found in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA. 
B)  nontemplate strand of DNA. 
C)  template strand of DNA. 
D)  tRNA. 
E)  rRNA. 
A)  mRNA. 
B)  nontemplate strand of DNA. 
C)  template strand of DNA. 
D)  tRNA. 
E)  rRNA.

Question 18

Figure 13-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The experimental design in Figure 13-1 was used to examine:

Accepted Answer

A)  the relationship between genetic changes and metabolic enzymes. 
B)  the mutation rate of Neurospora. 
C)  resistance of Neurospora to genetic poisons. 
D)  toxicity of arginine metabolites. 
E)  growth of Neurospora in the presence of different antibiotics. 
A)  the relationship between genetic changes and metabolic enzymes. 
B)  the mutation rate of Neurospora. 
C)  resistance of Neurospora to genetic poisons. 
D)  toxicity of arginine metabolites. 
E)  growth of Neurospora in the presence of different antibiotics.

Question 19

RNA synthesis is also known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  elongation. 
B)  reverse transcription. 
C)  termination. 
D)  translation. 
E)  transcription. 
A)  elongation. 
B)  reverse transcription. 
C)  termination. 
D)  translation. 
E)  transcription.

Question 20

Retroviruses or RNA tumor viruses use __________ to make DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA-dependent RNA polymerase 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  primase 
E)  reverse transcriptase 
A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA-dependent RNA polymerase 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  primase 
E)  reverse transcriptase

Exam 13: Gene Expression

A ribosome has one binding site for mRNA and two binding sites for tRNAs. __________________

The process in which RNA is synthesized using a DNA template is called translation. __________________

The translocation process requires:

Figure 13-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 13-3.The transcription process most likely began at the area labeled:

A nonsense mutation is a base-pair substitution that results in the replacement of one amino acid with another. __________________

Ribose differs from deoxyribose by having:

Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.Include the similarities and differences of their chemical structures, as well as their roles within the cell, in your comparison.

During protein synthesis, ribosomes:

Figure 13-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The transcript in Figure 13-3 is labeled:

Beadle and Tatum irradiated Neurospora and initially grew the mutant strains on complete medium.How were they able to determine what type of mutation each strain had?

The 3' trailing sequences are located before the stop codon. __________________

The function of snRNPs is to splice together introns. __________________

Figure 13-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The process illustrated in Figure 13-3 is:

Figure 13-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 13-3.The component labeled B is:

Why was it important in the studies of Beadle and Tatum that Neurospora is haploid?

Molecular chaperones assist in the folding of newly synthesized mRNAs. __________________

The codon is found in the:

Figure 13-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The experimental design in Figure 13-1 was used to examine:

RNA synthesis is also known as:

Retroviruses or RNA tumor viruses use __________ to make DNA.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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