Question 1

Which of the following groups of vertebrae are closest to the head?

Accepted Answer

A)  sacral 
B)  thoracic 
C)  cervical 
D)  coccygeal 
E)  cranial 
A)  sacral 
B)  thoracic 
C)  cervical 
D)  coccygeal 
E)  cranial

Question 2

During the process of muscle contraction, Ca2+ binds tropomyosin.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The condition that is characterized by the wearing-down of joints due to insufficient cartilage repair is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  osteitis. 
B)  osteoporosis. 
C)  osteophoresis. 
D)  osteoarthritis. 
E)  osteon disease. 
A)  osteitis. 
B)  osteoporosis. 
C)  osteophoresis. 
D)  osteoarthritis. 
E)  osteon disease.

Question 4

Figure 40-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The difference between spongy bone and compact bone is that spongy bone:

Accepted Answer

A)  is found near the surfaces of bone, while compact bone is found interiorly. 
B)  consists of osteons, while the compact consists of thin strands of bone. 
C)  is filled with red bone marrow, while compact bone is not. 
D)  occupies the diaphysis, while compact bone occupies the epiphysis. 
E)  is involved in bone development, while compact bone is not. 
A)  is found near the surfaces of bone, while compact bone is found interiorly. 
B)  consists of osteons, while the compact consists of thin strands of bone. 
C)  is filled with red bone marrow, while compact bone is not. 
D)  occupies the diaphysis, while compact bone occupies the epiphysis. 
E)  is involved in bone development, while compact bone is not.

Question 5

Sutures can be classified as __________ joints.

Accepted Answer

A)  synovial 
B)  immovable 
C)  slightly movable 
D)  freely movable 
E)  cartilaginous 
A)  synovial 
B)  immovable 
C)  slightly movable 
D)  freely movable 
E)  cartilaginous

Question 6

What do sea stars and mollusks have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  an internal skeleton 
B)  an exoskeleton 
C)  a skeleton that transmits force 
D)  a skeleton containing chitin 
E)  they both undergo molting 
A)  an internal skeleton 
B)  an exoskeleton 
C)  a skeleton that transmits force 
D)  a skeleton containing chitin 
E)  they both undergo molting

Question 7

For a bike racer to maintain the lead during the Tour de France, s/he would be relying on:

Accepted Answer

A)  anaerobic metabolism of glucose as the primary energy source. 
B)  ATP stored in the muscle as the primary energy source. 
C)  creatine phosphate as the primary energy source. 
D)  insulin to convert glycogen to glucose for energy. 
E)  the anaerobic metabolism of lactic acid. 
A)  anaerobic metabolism of glucose as the primary energy source. 
B)  ATP stored in the muscle as the primary energy source. 
C)  creatine phosphate as the primary energy source. 
D)  insulin to convert glycogen to glucose for energy. 
E)  the anaerobic metabolism of lactic acid.

Question 8

Figure 40-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-A person with fair skin produces less __________ than a person with dark skin.

Accepted Answer

A)  sebum 
B)  keratin 
C)  melanin 
D)  melatonin 
E)  mucous 
A)  sebum 
B)  keratin 
C)  melanin 
D)  melatonin 
E)  mucous

Question 9

Figure 40-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 40-1.Which labeled portions of the skin would be affected by UV light?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 5 
B)  1 and 15 
C)  5 and 15 
D)  5 and 14 
E)  1, 14, 15 
A)  1 and 5 
B)  1 and 15 
C)  5 and 15 
D)  5 and 14 
E)  1, 14, 15

Question 10

Explain why rigor mortis occurs following death.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Lack of oxygen and

Question 11

The anti-bacterial peptides secreted by frogs and toads is produced by:

Accepted Answer

A)  epithelial cells. 
B)  goblet cells. 
C)  endothelial cells. 
D)  sweat glands. 
E)  oil glands. 
A)  epithelial cells. 
B)  goblet cells. 
C)  endothelial cells. 
D)  sweat glands. 
E)  oil glands.

Question 12

Which of the following prevents muscle contraction by regulating the interaction between the myofilaments?

Accepted Answer

A)  the troponin-tropomyosin complex 
B)  actin 
C)  actomyosin 
D)  phosphate 
E)  myosin 
A)  the troponin-tropomyosin complex 
B)  actin 
C)  actomyosin 
D)  phosphate 
E)  myosin

Question 13

Use a flow diagram to represent the organization of a muscle from the macroscopic level to the microscopic level.

Accepted Answer

The diagram should r

Question 14

A person with a severe calcium deficiency:

Accepted Answer

A)  would have a problem with ATP release for muscle contraction. 
B)  would have a problem with cross bridge formation. 
C)  would have a problem with energizing the cocked head of myosin. 
D)  would have a shorter I band. 
E)  would have no problems associated with muscle activity. 
A)  would have a problem with ATP release for muscle contraction. 
B)  would have a problem with cross bridge formation. 
C)  would have a problem with energizing the cocked head of myosin. 
D)  would have a shorter I band. 
E)  would have no problems associated with muscle activity.

Question 15

Figure 40-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Contraction of the fibers labeled A in Figure 40-2 results in:

Accepted Answer

A)  elongation of the body. 
B)  elongation of the tentacles. 
C)  elongation of the gastrovascular cavity. 
D)  shortening of the body. 
E)  expansion of the pedal disk. 
A)  elongation of the body. 
B)  elongation of the tentacles. 
C)  elongation of the gastrovascular cavity. 
D)  shortening of the body. 
E)  expansion of the pedal disk.

Question 16

Figure 40-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The portion of the bone labeled B in Figure 40-3 is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  the periosteum. 
B)  the diaphysis. 
C)  the epiphysis. 
D)  compact bone. 
E)  metaphysis.. 
A)  the periosteum. 
B)  the diaphysis. 
C)  the epiphysis. 
D)  compact bone. 
E)  metaphysis..

Question 17

Which of the following molecules has an enzymatic site that splits ATP during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  troponin 
B)  myosin 
C)  actin 
D)  inositol triphosphate 
E)  tropomyosin 
A)  troponin 
B)  myosin 
C)  actin 
D)  inositol triphosphate 
E)  tropomyosin

Question 18

Figure 40-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which of the following statements about UV radiation is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is necessary for the body to make vitamin B. 
B)  The amount of UV radiation that reaches the Earth's surface is fairly constant. 
C)  The ozone hole is responsible for the Greenhouse Effect, but has no impact on levels of UV radiation. 
D)  Individuals with less melanin suffer less wrinkling and skin cancer. 
E)  Exposure to ultraviolet rays causes the epidermis to thicken and produce more melanin. 
A)  It is necessary for the body to make vitamin B. 
B)  The amount of UV radiation that reaches the Earth's surface is fairly constant. 
C)  The ozone hole is responsible for the Greenhouse Effect, but has no impact on levels of UV radiation. 
D)  Individuals with less melanin suffer less wrinkling and skin cancer. 
E)  Exposure to ultraviolet rays causes the epidermis to thicken and produce more melanin.

Question 19

MATCHING
Match the muscle component with its description.
a.actin
e.sarcoplasm
b.myosin
f.sarcoplasmic reticulum
c.sarcolemma
g.troponin
d.sarcomere
h.tropomyosin
-stores calcium ions

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the muscle component with its description.
a.actin
e.sarcoplasm
b.myosin
f.sarcoplasmic...

Question 20

MATCHING
Match the muscle component with its description.
a.actin
e.sarcoplasm
b.myosin
f.sarcoplasmic reticulum
c.sarcolemma
g.troponin
d.sarcomere
h.tropomyosin
-Compare and contrast the function of the external epithelium and its derivatives in invertebrates and vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: The epithelium as

Exam 40: Protection, Support, and Movement

Which of the following groups of vertebrae are closest to the head?

During the process of muscle contraction, Ca2+ binds tropomyosin. ____________________

The condition that is characterized by the wearing-down of joints due to insufficient cartilage repair is called:

Figure 40-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The difference between spongy bone and compact bone is that spongy bone:

Sutures can be classified as __________ joints.

What do sea stars and mollusks have in common?

For a bike racer to maintain the lead during the Tour de France, s/he would be relying on:

Figure 40-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -A person with fair skin produces less __________ than a person with dark skin.

Figure 40-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 40-1.Which labeled portions of the skin would be affected by UV light?

Explain why rigor mortis occurs following death.

The anti-bacterial peptides secreted by frogs and toads is produced by:

Which of the following prevents muscle contraction by regulating the interaction between the myofilaments?

Use a flow diagram to represent the organization of a muscle from the macroscopic level to the microscopic level.

A person with a severe calcium deficiency:

Figure 40-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Contraction of the fibers labeled A in Figure 40-2 results in:

Figure 40-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The portion of the bone labeled B in Figure 40-3 is called:

Which of the following molecules has an enzymatic site that splits ATP during muscle contraction?

Figure 40-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which of the following statements about UV radiation is true?

MATCHING Match the muscle component with its description. a.actin e.sarcoplasm b.myosin f.sarcoplasmic reticulum c.sarcolemma g.troponin d.sarcomere h.tropomyosin -stores calcium ions

MATCHING Match the muscle component with its description. a.actin e.sarcoplasm b.myosin f.sarcoplasmic reticulum c.sarcolemma g.troponin d.sarcomere h.tropomyosin -Compare and contrast the function of the external epithelium and its derivatives in invertebrates and vertebrates.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

During the process of muscle contraction, Ca²⁺ binds tropomyosin. ____________________