Question 1

Muscles occur in antagonistic pairs because:

Accepted Answer

A)  they are incapable of working agonistically. 
B)  actin and myosin filaments can only move in one direction. 
C)  both contraction and extension would cause an oxygen debt. 
D)  contraction is voluntary, while relaxation is involuntary. 
E)  they are only capable of contracting and not pushing. 
A)  they are incapable of working agonistically. 
B)  actin and myosin filaments can only move in one direction. 
C)  both contraction and extension would cause an oxygen debt. 
D)  contraction is voluntary, while relaxation is involuntary. 
E)  they are only capable of contracting and not pushing.

Question 2

The organizational unit of skeletal muscle tissue is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  transverse tubule. 
C)  sarcomere. 
D)  Z line. 
E)  motor unit. 
A)  sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  transverse tubule. 
C)  sarcomere. 
D)  Z line. 
E)  motor unit.

Question 3

Figure 40-5
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-What event most directly precedes the activity illustrated in Figure 40-5?

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization 
B)  an action potential 
C)  acetylcholine release from a motor neuron 
D)  release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 
E)  release of ADP from the myosin head 
A)  depolarization 
B)  an action potential 
C)  acetylcholine release from a motor neuron 
D)  release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 
E)  release of ADP from the myosin head

Question 4

A single, quick contraction of skeletal muscle is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)  simple twitch. 
B)  tetanus. 
C)  brief contraction. 
D)  red fiber contraction. 
E)  white fiber contraction. 
A)  simple twitch. 
B)  tetanus. 
C)  brief contraction. 
D)  red fiber contraction. 
E)  white fiber contraction.

Question 5

Endoskeletons are shed in the process of ecdysis.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which statement about intramembranous bone formation is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth in height is possible. 
B)  Growth of skull bones is possible. 
C)  Formation of blood cells is possible. 
D)  Development of synovial joints for movement is possible. 
E)  Production of lacunae with osteocytes occurs as a part of growth. 
A)  Growth in height is possible. 
B)  Growth of skull bones is possible. 
C)  Formation of blood cells is possible. 
D)  Development of synovial joints for movement is possible. 
E)  Production of lacunae with osteocytes occurs as a part of growth.

Question 7

Suture joints:

Accepted Answer

A)  provide rigidity to the skull. 
B)  allow for the movement of long bones. 
C)  are formed when long bones stop growing. 
D)  are connected by a synovial membrane in adults. 
E)  is a type of ligament. 
A)  provide rigidity to the skull. 
B)  allow for the movement of long bones. 
C)  are formed when long bones stop growing. 
D)  are connected by a synovial membrane in adults. 
E)  is a type of ligament.

Question 8

The condition that is characterized by a loss of calcium from the bone is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  osteitis. 
B)  osteoporosis. 
C)  osteophoresis. 
D)  osteoarthritis. 
E)  osteon disease. 
A)  osteitis. 
B)  osteoporosis. 
C)  osteophoresis. 
D)  osteoarthritis. 
E)  osteon disease.

Question 9

Figure 40-4
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 40-4.In which part of the cell are calcium ions stored?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  6 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  6

Question 10

MATCHING
Match the muscle component with its description.
a.actin
e.sarcoplasm
b.myosin
f.sarcoplasmic reticulum
c.sarcolemma
g.troponin
d.sarcomere
h.tropomyosin
-calcium ions bind directly to this protein

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the muscle component with its description.
a.actin
e.sarcoplasm
b.myosin
f.sarcoplasmic...

Question 11

MATCHING
Match the muscle component with its description.
a.actin
e.sarcoplasm
b.myosin
f.sarcoplasmic reticulum
c.sarcolemma
g.troponin
d.sarcomere
h.tropomyosin
-a T tubule is the extension of this

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the muscle component with its description.
a.actin
e.sarcoplasm
b.myosin
f.sarcoplasmic...

Question 12

Figure 40-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 40-1.Which of the following regions of the skin contributes to insulation of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  10 
C)  11 
D)  14 
E)  15 
A)  1 
B)  10 
C)  11 
D)  14 
E)  15

Question 13

Briefly describe the sequence of events that take place in muscle contraction.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Motor neuron relea

Question 14

Figure 40-5
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 40-5.The molecules required to bind at the sites labeled 1 and 2 for a cross bridge to form are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ and myosin. 
B)  ADP and myosin. 
C)  myosin and troponin. 
D)  ATP and Ca2+. 
E)  tropomyosin and O2. 
A)  Ca2+ and myosin. 
B)  ADP and myosin. 
C)  myosin and troponin. 
D)  ATP and Ca2+. 
E)  tropomyosin and O2.

Question 15

Figure 40-5
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Accumulation of __________ contributes to muscle fatigue.

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  creatine phosphate 
C)  glycogen 
D)  lactic acid 
E)  carbon monoxide 
A)  ATP 
B)  creatine phosphate 
C)  glycogen 
D)  lactic acid 
E)  carbon monoxide

Question 16

Figure 40-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-The type of support illustrated in Figure 40-2 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a hydrostatic skeleton. 
B)  an exoskeleton. 
C)  the integumentary system. 
D)  a shell. 
E)  the dermis. 
A)  a hydrostatic skeleton. 
B)  an exoskeleton. 
C)  the integumentary system. 
D)  a shell. 
E)  the dermis.

Question 17

Figure 40-4
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which statement about muscle contraction is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sliding filament model was developed by Hugh and Andrew Huxley. 
B)  Acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft stimulates muscle contraction. 
C)  During contraction, the muscle length does not change, but the actin and myosin filaments shorten. 
D)  Once the T tubules are depolarized, they open Ca2+ channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
E)  Cross bridges are formed between myosin and actin during muscle contraction. 
A)  The sliding filament model was developed by Hugh and Andrew Huxley. 
B)  Acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft stimulates muscle contraction. 
C)  During contraction, the muscle length does not change, but the actin and myosin filaments shorten. 
D)  Once the T tubules are depolarized, they open Ca2+ channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
E)  Cross bridges are formed between myosin and actin during muscle contraction.

Question 18

Figure 40-4
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 40-4.Which of the following represent the correct sequence for contraction to occur in this muscle cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  nerve stimulus, 4, 5, 3, 2, contraction 
B)  nerve stimulus, 4, 5, 2, 3, contraction 
C)  nerve stimulus, 4, 3, 5, 2, contraction 
D)  nerve stimulus, 5, 3, 2, 1, contraction 
E)  nerve stimulus, 5, 2, 3, 1, contraction 
A)  nerve stimulus, 4, 5, 3, 2, contraction 
B)  nerve stimulus, 4, 5, 2, 3, contraction 
C)  nerve stimulus, 4, 3, 5, 2, contraction 
D)  nerve stimulus, 5, 3, 2, 1, contraction 
E)  nerve stimulus, 5, 2, 3, 1, contraction

Question 19

Which of the following is not a source of energy for muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  creatine phosphate 
B)  glucose 
C)  oxygen 
D)  glycogen 
E)  ATP 
A)  creatine phosphate 
B)  glucose 
C)  oxygen 
D)  glycogen 
E)  ATP

Question 20

Figure 40-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which statement about endochondral bone development is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ossification begins in the diaphysis and later occurs in the epiphyses. 
B)  Bones develop from a noncartilage connective tissue scaffold. 
C)  Most bones of the skull undergo endochondral bone development. 
D)  Only the periosteum undergoes endochondral bone development. 
E)  Osteoclasts are the bone-building cells of endochondral bone development. 
A)  Ossification begins in the diaphysis and later occurs in the epiphyses. 
B)  Bones develop from a noncartilage connective tissue scaffold. 
C)  Most bones of the skull undergo endochondral bone development. 
D)  Only the periosteum undergoes endochondral bone development. 
E)  Osteoclasts are the bone-building cells of endochondral bone development.

Exam 40: Protection, Support, and Movement

Muscles occur in antagonistic pairs because:

The organizational unit of skeletal muscle tissue is the:

Figure 40-5 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -What event most directly precedes the activity illustrated in Figure 40-5?

A single, quick contraction of skeletal muscle is called a:

Endoskeletons are shed in the process of ecdysis. ____________________

Which statement about intramembranous bone formation is true?

Suture joints:

The condition that is characterized by a loss of calcium from the bone is called:

Figure 40-4 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 40-4.In which part of the cell are calcium ions stored?

MATCHING Match the muscle component with its description. a.actin e.sarcoplasm b.myosin f.sarcoplasmic reticulum c.sarcolemma g.troponin d.sarcomere h.tropomyosin -calcium ions bind directly to this protein

MATCHING Match the muscle component with its description. a.actin e.sarcoplasm b.myosin f.sarcoplasmic reticulum c.sarcolemma g.troponin d.sarcomere h.tropomyosin -a T tubule is the extension of this

Figure 40-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 40-1.Which of the following regions of the skin contributes to insulation of the body?

Briefly describe the sequence of events that take place in muscle contraction.

Figure 40-5 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 40-5.The molecules required to bind at the sites labeled 1 and 2 for a cross bridge to form are:

Figure 40-5 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Accumulation of __________ contributes to muscle fatigue.

Figure 40-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -The type of support illustrated in Figure 40-2 is:

Figure 40-4 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which statement about muscle contraction is false?

Figure 40-4 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 40-4.Which of the following represent the correct sequence for contraction to occur in this muscle cell?

Which of the following is not a source of energy for muscle contraction?

Figure 40-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which statement about endochondral bone development is true?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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