Question 1

The maximum amount of air a person can exhale is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  vital capacity. 
B)  tidal volume. 
C)  tidal capacity 
D)  residual capacity. 
E)  residual volume 
A)  vital capacity. 
B)  tidal volume. 
C)  tidal capacity 
D)  residual capacity. 
E)  residual volume

Question 2

The most common respiratory pigments in animals are:

Accepted Answer

A)  myoglobin and hemocyanin. 
B)  myoglobin and hemoglobin. 
C)  hemocyanin and hemoglobin. 
D)  mucus and hemoglobin. 
E)  pulmonary surfactant and myoglobin. 
A)  myoglobin and hemocyanin. 
B)  myoglobin and hemoglobin. 
C)  hemocyanin and hemoglobin. 
D)  mucus and hemoglobin. 
E)  pulmonary surfactant and myoglobin.

Question 3

Oxygen concentration generally plays an important role in regulating respiration:

Accepted Answer

A)  all the time. 
B)  never. 
C)  only when the carbon dioxide concentration falls markedly. 
D)  only when the oxygen concentration falls markedly. 
E)  only when the pH falls markedly. 
A)  all the time. 
B)  never. 
C)  only when the carbon dioxide concentration falls markedly. 
D)  only when the oxygen concentration falls markedly. 
E)  only when the pH falls markedly.

Question 4

Figure 46-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-According to Figure 46-3, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 will diffuse from the alveoli into the capillaries. 
B)  CO2 will diffuse from the capillaries into the tissues. 
C)  O2 will diffuse from the capillaries in the tissues to the capillaries in the lung. 
D)  O2 will diffuse from the alveoli into the capillaries. 
E)  O2 will diffuse from the tissues into the capillaries. 
A)  CO2 will diffuse from the alveoli into the capillaries. 
B)  CO2 will diffuse from the capillaries into the tissues. 
C)  O2 will diffuse from the capillaries in the tissues to the capillaries in the lung. 
D)  O2 will diffuse from the alveoli into the capillaries. 
E)  O2 will diffuse from the tissues into the capillaries.

Question 5

During forced inhalation, the __________ intercostal muscles contract, moving __________ upward.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal; the diaphragm 
B)  internal; the ribs 
C)  external; the diaphragm 
D)  external; the ribs 
E)  external; both the diaphragm and the ribs 
A)  internal; the diaphragm 
B)  internal; the ribs 
C)  external; the diaphragm 
D)  external; the ribs 
E)  external; both the diaphragm and the ribs

Question 6

Figure 46-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-If you swim underwater for 200 yards you would expect:

Accepted Answer

A)  the
  of the air in the alveoli to increase. 
B)  the
  in the tissues to increase. 
C)  the
  of the air in the alveoli to decrease. 
D)  the
  in the tissues to increase. 
E)  the
  of the air in the alveoli to increase and the
  in the tissues to increase. 
A)  the
  of the air in the alveoli to increase. 
B)  the
  in the tissues to increase. 
C)  the
  of the air in the alveoli to decrease. 
D)  the
  in the tissues to increase. 
E)  the
  of the air in the alveoli to increase and the
  in the tissues to increase.

Question 7

When drinking water at a party you sneezed and water came out of your nose.This happened because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the epiglottis did not close. 
B)  the glottis did not close. 
C)  the pharynx and nasal cavity are connected. 
D)  the tongue blocked the pharynx. 
E)  the water was carbonated. 
A)  the epiglottis did not close. 
B)  the glottis did not close. 
C)  the pharynx and nasal cavity are connected. 
D)  the tongue blocked the pharynx. 
E)  the water was carbonated.

Question 8

During inspiration, the diaphragm __________ and __________ the volume of the thoracic cavity, causing air to flow __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  relaxes; increases; inward 
B)  contracts; increases; inward 
C)  relaxes; decreases; outward 
D)  relaxes; decreases; inward 
E)  contracts; decreases; inward 
A)  relaxes; increases; inward 
B)  contracts; increases; inward 
C)  relaxes; decreases; outward 
D)  relaxes; decreases; inward 
E)  contracts; decreases; inward

Question 9

Clams and other bivalves typically have:

Accepted Answer

A)  dermal gills. 
B)  gills adapted for trapping food. 
C)  an operculum. 
D)  book lungs. 
E)  swim bladders. 
A)  dermal gills. 
B)  gills adapted for trapping food. 
C)  an operculum. 
D)  book lungs. 
E)  swim bladders.

Question 10

MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription.
a.alveoli
e.nasal cavity
b.bronchiole
f.pharynx
c.bronchus
g.trachea
d.larynx
-There are two branches of this structure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory...

Question 11

MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription.
a.alveoli
e.nasal cavity
b.bronchiole
f.pharynx
c.bronchus
g.trachea
d.larynx
-Inhaled air passes from this structure into the surrounding capillaries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory...

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the regulation of respiration is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiratory centers in the medulla control the transition from inspiration to expiration. 
B)  Carbon dioxide concentration is the most important chemical stimulus for regulating respiratory rate. 
C)  Chemoreceptors in the walls of various arteries are sensitive to carbon dioxide levels in the blood. 
D)  A group of neurons in the ventral medulla only become active when we need to breathe forcefully. 
E)  Chemoreceptors may be sensitive to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and/or hydrogen ion concentration. 
A)  Respiratory centers in the medulla control the transition from inspiration to expiration. 
B)  Carbon dioxide concentration is the most important chemical stimulus for regulating respiratory rate. 
C)  Chemoreceptors in the walls of various arteries are sensitive to carbon dioxide levels in the blood. 
D)  A group of neurons in the ventral medulla only become active when we need to breathe forcefully. 
E)  Chemoreceptors may be sensitive to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and/or hydrogen ion concentration.

Question 13

The process of gas exchange in parabronchi is similar to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the surface of the gill filaments. 
B)  the surface of the pleural membrane. 
C)  the surface of the bronchioles. 
D)  the surface of the alveoli. 
E)  the surface of the gill filaments and the surface of the alveoli. 
A)  the surface of the gill filaments. 
B)  the surface of the pleural membrane. 
C)  the surface of the bronchioles. 
D)  the surface of the alveoli. 
E)  the surface of the gill filaments and the surface of the alveoli.

Question 14

During respiratory exchange, carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of a permease, which removes carbon dioxide from the capillaries. 
B)  potassium cotransport. 
C)  diffusion down a concentration gradient. 
D)  the air pressure of dissolved oxygen, which forces it out. 
E)  the contraction of the diaphragm, which creates a vacuum that pulls it out. 
A)  the presence of a permease, which removes carbon dioxide from the capillaries. 
B)  potassium cotransport. 
C)  diffusion down a concentration gradient. 
D)  the air pressure of dissolved oxygen, which forces it out. 
E)  the contraction of the diaphragm, which creates a vacuum that pulls it out.

Question 15

Why do land dwelling insects drown when they are in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are unable to ventilate. 
B)  Their lungs are functioning too fast to sustain life. 
C)  They cannot respire across their body surface. 
D)  They are unable to ventilate because their spiracles are underwater. 
E)  Their gills are too moist. 
A)  They are unable to ventilate. 
B)  Their lungs are functioning too fast to sustain life. 
C)  They cannot respire across their body surface. 
D)  They are unable to ventilate because their spiracles are underwater. 
E)  Their gills are too moist.

Question 16

Fish can control buoyancy by:

Accepted Answer

A)  holding air in their lungs. 
B)  expelling air from their lungs. 
C)  swift movements of their opercula. 
D)  adjusting the amount of gas in their swim bladders. 
E)  inflating the chambers of their tracheae. 
A)  holding air in their lungs. 
B)  expelling air from their lungs. 
C)  swift movements of their opercula. 
D)  adjusting the amount of gas in their swim bladders. 
E)  inflating the chambers of their tracheae.

Question 17

MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription.
a.alveoli
e.nasal cavity
b.bronchiole
f.pharynx
c.bronchus
g.trachea
d.larynx
-Gas exchange occurs across the thin walls of this structure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory...

Question 18

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of gas exchange in terrestrial and aquatic environments.

Accepted Answer

In terrestrial environments, oxygen and

Question 19

If you have a significant reduction in the amount of pulmonary surfactant:

Accepted Answer

A)  the risk of bacterial infection will increase. 
B)  you have an increased risk of having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 
C)  the bronchioles will constrict, which will increase airway resistance. 
D)  the lungs would be difficult to inflate. 
E)  gas exchange could not occur. 
A)  the risk of bacterial infection will increase. 
B)  you have an increased risk of having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 
C)  the bronchioles will constrict, which will increase airway resistance. 
D)  the lungs would be difficult to inflate. 
E)  gas exchange could not occur.

Question 20

MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription.
a.alveoli
e.nasal cavity
b.bronchiole
f.pharynx
c.bronchus
g.trachea
d.larynx
-Explain how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Approximately 10%

Exam 46: Gas Exchange

The maximum amount of air a person can exhale is called:

The most common respiratory pigments in animals are:

Oxygen concentration generally plays an important role in regulating respiration:

Figure 46-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -According to Figure 46-3, which of the following statements is true?

During forced inhalation, the __________ intercostal muscles contract, moving __________ upward.

Figure 46-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -If you swim underwater for 200 yards you would expect:

When drinking water at a party you sneezed and water came out of your nose.This happened because:

During inspiration, the diaphragm __________ and __________ the volume of the thoracic cavity, causing air to flow __________.

Clams and other bivalves typically have:

MATCHING Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription. a.alveoli e.nasal cavity b.bronchiole f.pharynx c.bronchus g.trachea d.larynx -There are two branches of this structure.

MATCHING Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription. a.alveoli e.nasal cavity b.bronchiole f.pharynx c.bronchus g.trachea d.larynx -Inhaled air passes from this structure into the surrounding capillaries.

Which of the following statements about the regulation of respiration is false?

The process of gas exchange in parabronchi is similar to:

During respiratory exchange, carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli due to:

Why do land dwelling insects drown when they are in water?

Fish can control buoyancy by:

MATCHING Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription. a.alveoli e.nasal cavity b.bronchiole f.pharynx c.bronchus g.trachea d.larynx -Gas exchange occurs across the thin walls of this structure.

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of gas exchange in terrestrial and aquatic environments.

If you have a significant reduction in the amount of pulmonary surfactant:

MATCHING Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription. a.alveoli e.nasal cavity b.bronchiole f.pharynx c.bronchus g.trachea d.larynx -Explain how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

During forced inhalation, the intercostal muscles contract, moving upward.

During inspiration, the diaphragm and the volume of the thoracic cavity, causing air to flow __.