Question 1

Hemocyanin:

Accepted Answer

A)  combines irreversibly with oxygen for transport within the body of various organisms. 
B)  is bright red in color when combined with oxygen. 
C)  has an iron-porphyrin group that is responsible for oxygen transport. 
D)  is a respiratory pigment found in the blood of some invertebrate and vertebrate species. 
E)  is a respiratory pigment that is colorless when deoxygenated. 
A)  combines irreversibly with oxygen for transport within the body of various organisms. 
B)  is bright red in color when combined with oxygen. 
C)  has an iron-porphyrin group that is responsible for oxygen transport. 
D)  is a respiratory pigment found in the blood of some invertebrate and vertebrate species. 
E)  is a respiratory pigment that is colorless when deoxygenated.

Question 2

Which of the following areas of the respiratory tract is lined with a single layer of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  nasal cavity 
B)  larynx 
C)  trachea 
D)  bronchi 
E)  alveoli 
A)  nasal cavity 
B)  larynx 
C)  trachea 
D)  bronchi 
E)  alveoli

Question 3

MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription.
a.alveoli
e.nasal cavity
b.bronchiole
f.pharynx
c.bronchus
g.trachea
d.larynx
-Exhaled air passes from the bronchioles directly into this structure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory...

Question 4

The exchange of gases between an organism and its environment is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  exhalation. 
B)  aeration. 
C)  inhalation. 
D)  respiration. 
E)  ventilation. 
A)  exhalation. 
B)  aeration. 
C)  inhalation. 
D)  respiration. 
E)  ventilation.

Question 5

The single most preventable cause of disease in the United States is:

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol use. 
B)  tobacco use. 
C)  automobile accidents. 
D)  suicide. 
E)  homicide. 
A)  alcohol use. 
B)  tobacco use. 
C)  automobile accidents. 
D)  suicide. 
E)  homicide.

Question 6

If the chloride shift did not occur across the RBC membrane:

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen would not be able to bind to hemoglobin. 
B)  carbon dioxide would build up in the tissues. 
C)  bicarbonate ions would build up in the blood cells. 
D)  negative ions would build up in the plasma. 
E)  the Bohr effect would be blocked. 
A)  oxygen would not be able to bind to hemoglobin. 
B)  carbon dioxide would build up in the tissues. 
C)  bicarbonate ions would build up in the blood cells. 
D)  negative ions would build up in the plasma. 
E)  the Bohr effect would be blocked.

Question 7

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported:

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolved in plasma. 
B)  as bicarbonate ions. 
C)  by hemoglobin. 
D)  as carbonic anhydrase. 
E)  as carbonic acid. 
A)  dissolved in plasma. 
B)  as bicarbonate ions. 
C)  by hemoglobin. 
D)  as carbonic anhydrase. 
E)  as carbonic acid.

Question 8

When chemoreceptors detect a slight decrease in pH, this means that __________ concentrations have increased, and the breathing rate must __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide; increase 
B)  carbon dioxide; decrease 
C)  oxygen; increase 
D)  oxygen; decrease 
E)  chloride; decrease 
A)  carbon dioxide; increase 
B)  carbon dioxide; decrease 
C)  oxygen; increase 
D)  oxygen; decrease 
E)  chloride; decrease

Question 9

The percent oxygen saturation of hemoglobin is highest in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  tissues where oxygen concentration is lowest. 
B)  tissues where oxygen concentration highest. 
C)  venules where oxygen concentration lowest. 
D)  pulmonary capillaries where oxygen concentration lowest. 
E)  pulmonary capillaries where oxygen concentration highest. 
A)  tissues where oxygen concentration is lowest. 
B)  tissues where oxygen concentration highest. 
C)  venules where oxygen concentration lowest. 
D)  pulmonary capillaries where oxygen concentration lowest. 
E)  pulmonary capillaries where oxygen concentration highest.

Question 10

Amphibians:

Accepted Answer

A)  may exchange gases across their body surfaces. 
B)  all have fairly simple, book lungs. 
C)  all have gills and swim bladders, homologous to those found in fishes. 
D)  are characterized by having parabronchi across which most of the gas exchange occurs. 
E)  have a large oxygen demand that is met by using a countercurrent gas exchange mechanism. 
A)  may exchange gases across their body surfaces. 
B)  all have fairly simple, book lungs. 
C)  all have gills and swim bladders, homologous to those found in fishes. 
D)  are characterized by having parabronchi across which most of the gas exchange occurs. 
E)  have a large oxygen demand that is met by using a countercurrent gas exchange mechanism.

Question 11

Figure 46-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-During inspiration the nose is not involved in:

Accepted Answer

A)  removing bacteria from the air. 
B)  warming the air. 
C)  humidifying the air. 
D)  removing oxygen from the air. 
E)  removing dust from the air. 
A)  removing bacteria from the air. 
B)  warming the air. 
C)  humidifying the air. 
D)  removing oxygen from the air. 
E)  removing dust from the air.

Question 12

In the process of organismic respiration:

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen is extracted from the environment by the organism and delivered to its cells. 
B)  the citric acid cycle takes place in the cells. 
C)  carbohydrates are broken down and electrons are transferred to oxygen. 
D)  there is an accumulation of lactic acid in the tissues due to the absence of oxygen. 
E)  carbon dioxide is produced in the Krebs cycle. 
A)  oxygen is extracted from the environment by the organism and delivered to its cells. 
B)  the citric acid cycle takes place in the cells. 
C)  carbohydrates are broken down and electrons are transferred to oxygen. 
D)  there is an accumulation of lactic acid in the tissues due to the absence of oxygen. 
E)  carbon dioxide is produced in the Krebs cycle.

Question 13

In pulmonary emphysema, alveoli lose their elasticity.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription.
a.alveoli
e.nasal cavity
b.bronchiole
f.pharynx
c.bronchus
g.trachea
d.larynx
-This structure is also called the windpipe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the part of the human respiratory...

Question 15

Identify a respiratory pigment, and then describe its structure and how this relates to its function.

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin, hemocyanin and myoglobin are

Question 16

Cilia lining the respiratory tubes beat mucus upward in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  moisten the bronchioles. 
B)  conduct the mucus that contains particles to the pharynx and away from the lungs. 
C)  provide mucus to the lungs to prevent them from dehydrating. 
D)  lubricate the throat for easier swallowing. 
E)  promote gas exchange by providing mucus for the respiratory surfaces. 
A)  moisten the bronchioles. 
B)  conduct the mucus that contains particles to the pharynx and away from the lungs. 
C)  provide mucus to the lungs to prevent them from dehydrating. 
D)  lubricate the throat for easier swallowing. 
E)  promote gas exchange by providing mucus for the respiratory surfaces.

Question 17

Which of the following sequences correctly describes the movement of air in a bird's respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  lungs; anterior air sacs; posterior air sacs 
B)  anterior air sacs; posterior air sac; lungs 
C)  posterior air sacs; lungs; anterior air sacs 
D)  lungs; posterior air sacs; anterior air sacs 
E)  anterior air sacs; lungs; posterior air sacs 
A)  lungs; anterior air sacs; posterior air sacs 
B)  anterior air sacs; posterior air sac; lungs 
C)  posterior air sacs; lungs; anterior air sacs 
D)  lungs; posterior air sacs; anterior air sacs 
E)  anterior air sacs; lungs; posterior air sacs

Question 18

Figure 46-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 46-2.Which of these lungs would be found in reptiles?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 only 
D)  4 only 
E)  both 1 and 2 
A)  1 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 only 
D)  4 only 
E)  both 1 and 2

Question 19

A(n) increase in the pH of the plasma causes hemoglobin to unload its oxygen.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The efficient exchange of gases in gills is an example of countercurrent exchange.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 46: Gas Exchange

Hemocyanin:

Which of the following areas of the respiratory tract is lined with a single layer of epithelial cells?

MATCHING Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription. a.alveoli e.nasal cavity b.bronchiole f.pharynx c.bronchus g.trachea d.larynx -Exhaled air passes from the bronchioles directly into this structure.

The exchange of gases between an organism and its environment is known as:

The single most preventable cause of disease in the United States is:

If the chloride shift did not occur across the RBC membrane:

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported:

When chemoreceptors detect a slight decrease in pH, this means that __________ concentrations have increased, and the breathing rate must __________.

The percent oxygen saturation of hemoglobin is highest in the:

Amphibians:

Figure 46-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -During inspiration the nose is not involved in:

In the process of organismic respiration:

In pulmonary emphysema, alveoli lose their elasticity. ____________________

MATCHING Match the part of the human respiratory system with its decription. a.alveoli e.nasal cavity b.bronchiole f.pharynx c.bronchus g.trachea d.larynx -This structure is also called the windpipe.

Identify a respiratory pigment, and then describe its structure and how this relates to its function.

Cilia lining the respiratory tubes beat mucus upward in order to:

Which of the following sequences correctly describes the movement of air in a bird's respiratory system?

Figure 46-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 46-2.Which of these lungs would be found in reptiles?

A(n) increase in the pH of the plasma causes hemoglobin to unload its oxygen. ____________________

The efficient exchange of gases in gills is an example of countercurrent exchange. ____________________

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

When chemoreceptors detect a slight decrease in pH, this means that concentrations have increased, and the breathing rate must .