Question 1

The atomic number of an atom is defined as the

Accepted Answer

A)  total number of energy shells. 
B)  number of protons in the atomic nucleus. 
C)  number of electrons in the outermost energy level. 
D)  total number of electrons and neutrons. 
E)  number of neutrons in the atomic nucleus. 
A)  total number of energy shells. 
B)  number of protons in the atomic nucleus. 
C)  number of electrons in the outermost energy level. 
D)  total number of electrons and neutrons. 
E)  number of neutrons in the atomic nucleus.

Question 2

Sodium (Na), atomic number 11, has a tendency to lose an electron in the presence of chlorine. After losing the electron, Na has protons in its nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  21 
B)  22 
C)  11 
D)  10 
E)  12 
A)  21 
B)  22 
C)  11 
D)  10 
E)  12

Question 3

If you place a paper towel in a dish of water, the water will

Accepted Answer

A)  move away from the towel because water molecules have hydrophobic interactions. 
B)  move up the towel because water molecules move quickly as it vaporizes. 
C)  dissolve the towel because water is a good solvent. 
D)  move up the towel as the water adheres to the paper towel while the cohesive water molecules stay bound to each other. 
E)  separate into H+ and OH- ions, which will react with the paper towel molecules. 
A)  move away from the towel because water molecules have hydrophobic interactions. 
B)  move up the towel because water molecules move quickly as it vaporizes. 
C)  dissolve the towel because water is a good solvent. 
D)  move up the towel as the water adheres to the paper towel while the cohesive water molecules stay bound to each other. 
E)  separate into H+ and OH- ions, which will react with the paper towel molecules.

Question 4

What type of bond is easily disrupted in aqueous solutions (one in which the solvent is water)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ionic 
B)  Covalent 
C)  Polar covalent 
A)  Ionic 
B)  Covalent 
C)  Polar covalent

Question 5

The formation of sodium chloride (NaCl) is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  repelling between the same charges. 
B)  covalent bonding. 
C)  chemical unreactivity. 
D)  attraction between opposite charges. 
A)  repelling between the same charges. 
B)  covalent bonding. 
C)  chemical unreactivity. 
D)  attraction between opposite charges.

Question 6

Milk of magnesia is often used to treat stomach upset. It has a pH of 10. Based on this information, milk of magnesia

Accepted Answer

A)  has the same pH as stomach acid. 
B)  is hydrophobic. 
C)  is an acid. 
D)  is a base. 
A)  has the same pH as stomach acid. 
B)  is hydrophobic. 
C)  is an acid. 
D)  is a base.

Question 7

You drop a handful of common table salt into a glass of water. Which of the following best describes what is happening inside the glass at the molecular level?

Accepted Answer

A)  The positively charged hydrogen ends of the water molecules are attracted to sodium ions. 
B)  Sodium and chloride ions form a covalent bond. 
C)  The positively charged hydrogen ends of the water molecules are attracted to chloride ions. 
D)  Water and sodium form a covalent bond. 
A)  The positively charged hydrogen ends of the water molecules are attracted to sodium ions. 
B)  Sodium and chloride ions form a covalent bond. 
C)  The positively charged hydrogen ends of the water molecules are attracted to chloride ions. 
D)  Water and sodium form a covalent bond.

Question 8

If you examined the human body on a chemical composition basis, which of the following combinations of elements would be most common?

Accepted Answer

A)  O, C, N, Na 
B)  C, H, Ca, Cl 
C)  C, N, Ca, S 
D)  O, C, H, N 
E)  O, C, P, S 
A)  O, C, N, Na 
B)  C, H, Ca, Cl 
C)  C, N, Ca, S 
D)  O, C, H, N 
E)  O, C, P, S

Question 9

Atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons are called

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent. 
B)  acids. 
C)  ions. 
D)  buffers. 
E)  bases. 
A)  covalent. 
B)  acids. 
C)  ions. 
D)  buffers. 
E)  bases.

Question 10

Which of the following results from a transfer of electron(s) between atoms (e.g., NaCl)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonpolar covalent bond 
B)  Polar covalent bond 
C)  Ionic bond 
D)  Hydrogen bond 
E)  Electron- proton interaction 
A)  Nonpolar covalent bond 
B)  Polar covalent bond 
C)  Ionic bond 
D)  Hydrogen bond 
E)  Electron- proton interaction

Exam 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Life

The atomic number of an atom is defined as the

Sodium (Na), atomic number 11, has a tendency to lose an electron in the presence of chlorine. After losing the electron, Na has protons in its nucleus.

If you place a paper towel in a dish of water, the water will

What type of bond is easily disrupted in aqueous solutions (one in which the solvent is water)?

The formation of sodium chloride (NaCl) is the result of

Milk of magnesia is often used to treat stomach upset. It has a pH of 10. Based on this information, milk of magnesia

You drop a handful of common table salt into a glass of water. Which of the following best describes what is happening inside the glass at the molecular level?

If you examined the human body on a chemical composition basis, which of the following combinations of elements would be most common?

Atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons are called

Which of the following results from a transfer of electron(s) between atoms (e.g., NaCl)?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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