Question 1

An atom's nucleus is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrons and electrons. 
B)  protons only. 
C)  protons and neutrons. 
D)  neutrons only. 
E)  protons and electrons. 
A)  neutrons and electrons. 
B)  protons only. 
C)  protons and neutrons. 
D)  neutrons only. 
E)  protons and electrons.

Question 2

Water molecules are cohesive because they

Accepted Answer

A)  form hydrogen bonds. 
B)  stick to other polar molecules. 
C)  make up 60% to 90% of an organism's body weight. 
D)  contain protons. 
E)  are repelled by nonpolar molecules. 
A)  form hydrogen bonds. 
B)  stick to other polar molecules. 
C)  make up 60% to 90% of an organism's body weight. 
D)  contain protons. 
E)  are repelled by nonpolar molecules.

Question 3

Ions and polar molecules that are electrically attracted to water molecules are .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ions and polar molecules that are electrically...

Question 4

The chemical properties of an element are determined by the number of in its outermost energy shell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemical properties of an element are...

Question 5

If a substance measures 7 on the pH scale, that substance

Accepted Answer

A)  may be lemon juice. 
B)  probably lacks OH- ions. 
C)  has a higher concentration of OH- than H+ ions. 
D)  is basic. 
E)  has equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions. 
A)  may be lemon juice. 
B)  probably lacks OH- ions. 
C)  has a higher concentration of OH- than H+ ions. 
D)  is basic. 
E)  has equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions.

Question 6

Hydrogen bonding can take place between a hydrogen atom and what other atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen 
B)  Nitrogen 
C)  Oxygen 
D)  Nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine 
E)  Fluorine 
A)  Hydrogen 
B)  Nitrogen 
C)  Oxygen 
D)  Nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine 
E)  Fluorine

Question 7

Free radicals are considered dangerous because they

Accepted Answer

A)  steal electrons from other atoms, causing those atoms to become unstable. 
B)  damage oxygen and cause it to become an antioxidant. 
C)  emit dangerous radiation. 
D)  attack the atomic nucleus. 
A)  steal electrons from other atoms, causing those atoms to become unstable. 
B)  damage oxygen and cause it to become an antioxidant. 
C)  emit dangerous radiation. 
D)  attack the atomic nucleus.

Question 8

Sulfur is an essential element in the human body, and studying its characteristics is important in understanding human physiology. Sulfur atoms have six electrons in their outer shell. Based on this information, which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sulfur is inert. 
B)  Sulfur can form important molecules using covalent bonds. 
C)  Sulfur has eight electrons in its outer shell. 
D)  Sulfur is an important isotope of hydrogen. 
A)  Sulfur is inert. 
B)  Sulfur can form important molecules using covalent bonds. 
C)  Sulfur has eight electrons in its outer shell. 
D)  Sulfur is an important isotope of hydrogen.

Question 9

What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds are the sharing

Question 10

Which of these atoms would become inert if it accepted three electrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen 
B)  Carbon 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Phosphorus 
A)  Oxygen 
B)  Carbon 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Phosphorus

Question 11

The second electron shell is considered to be full when it contains electrons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The second electron shell is considered to...

Question 12

The atomic number of hydrogen is 1. Based on this fact, all of the following must be true of hydrogen gas (H2) EXCEPT that it

Accepted Answer

A)  is a stable molecule. 
B)  uses covalent bonds to form the molecule. 
C)  is a polar molecule. 
D)  shares one pair of electrons between the two hydrogen atoms. 
A)  is a stable molecule. 
B)  uses covalent bonds to form the molecule. 
C)  is a polar molecule. 
D)  shares one pair of electrons between the two hydrogen atoms.

Question 13

Water moves through a plant because of the property of

Accepted Answer

A)  cohesion. 
B)  high heat of fusion. 
C)  high heat of vaporization. 
D)  high specific heat. 
A)  cohesion. 
B)  high heat of fusion. 
C)  high heat of vaporization. 
D)  high specific heat.

Question 14

Water surface tension is a result of the cohesive nature of water molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

When water freezes, stable hydrogen bonds form between the water molecules that create an open, six- sided (hexagonal) arrangement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The part of the atom that has the greatest biological interest and interactions with other atoms is the

Accepted Answer

A)  neutron. 
B)  proton. 
C)  innermost electron shell. 
D)  electron. 
A)  neutron. 
B)  proton. 
C)  innermost electron shell. 
D)  electron.

Question 17

A neutral solution

Accepted Answer

A)  has equal amounts of H+ and OH- . 
B)  has a pH of 0. 
C)  has no H+. 
D)  is hydrophobic. 
E)  has no OH- . 
A)  has equal amounts of H+ and OH- . 
B)  has a pH of 0. 
C)  has no H+. 
D)  is hydrophobic. 
E)  has no OH- .

Question 18

Acids have pH values below 7, whereas bases have pH values above 7.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Your friend does a belly flop into a swimming pool. The stinging pain he feels is most likely due to the

Accepted Answer

A)  pH of the water. 
B)  surface tension of water (caused by the large number of hydrogen bonds that form between water molecules). 
C)  hydrophobic nature of your friend's skin. 
D)  fact that water is a good solvent. 
A)  pH of the water. 
B)  surface tension of water (caused by the large number of hydrogen bonds that form between water molecules). 
C)  hydrophobic nature of your friend's skin. 
D)  fact that water is a good solvent.

Question 20

The formation of ions involves the

Accepted Answer

A)  gain or loss of electrons. 
B)  gain or loss of protons. 
C)  gain or loss of neutrons. 
D)  sharing of electrons. 
E)  sharing of protons. 
A)  gain or loss of electrons. 
B)  gain or loss of protons. 
C)  gain or loss of neutrons. 
D)  sharing of electrons. 
E)  sharing of protons.

Exam 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Life

An atom's nucleus is composed of

Water molecules are cohesive because they

Ions and polar molecules that are electrically attracted to water molecules are .

The chemical properties of an element are determined by the number of in its outermost energy shell.

If a substance measures 7 on the pH scale, that substance

Hydrogen bonding can take place between a hydrogen atom and what other atom?

Free radicals are considered dangerous because they

Sulfur is an essential element in the human body, and studying its characteristics is important in understanding human physiology. Sulfur atoms have six electrons in their outer shell. Based on this information, which of the following is TRUE?

What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

Which of these atoms would become inert if it accepted three electrons?

The second electron shell is considered to be full when it contains electrons.

The atomic number of hydrogen is 1. Based on this fact, all of the following must be true of hydrogen gas (H2) EXCEPT that it

Water moves through a plant because of the property of

Water surface tension is a result of the cohesive nature of water molecules.

When water freezes, stable hydrogen bonds form between the water molecules that create an open, six- sided (hexagonal) arrangement.

The part of the atom that has the greatest biological interest and interactions with other atoms is the

A neutral solution

Acids have pH values below 7, whereas bases have pH values above 7.

Your friend does a belly flop into a swimming pool. The stinging pain he feels is most likely due to the

The formation of ions involves the

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

The atomic number of hydrogen is 1. Based on this fact, all of the following must be true of hydrogen gas (H₂) EXCEPT that it