Question 1

Which of these enzymes catalyzes the breakdown of starch (a polysaccharide)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amylase 
B)  Peptidase 
C)  Pepsin 
D)  Lipase 
E)  Bile 
A)  Amylase 
B)  Peptidase 
C)  Pepsin 
D)  Lipase 
E)  Bile A

Question 2

Which of these animals uses collar cells to obtain food for intracellular digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sponges 
B)  Earthworms 
C)  Hydra 
D)  Humans 
E)  Protists 
A)  Sponges 
B)  Earthworms 
C)  Hydra 
D)  Humans 
E)  Protists A

Question 3

Digestion in humans occurs in a gastrovascular cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Amylase is produced by the

Accepted Answer

A)  salivary glands, small intestine, and pancreas. 
B)  small intestine only. 
C)  salivary glands only. 
D)  pancreas only. 
E)  salivary glands and pancreas. 
A)  salivary glands, small intestine, and pancreas. 
B)  small intestine only. 
C)  salivary glands only. 
D)  pancreas only. 
E)  salivary glands and pancreas.

Question 5

If you chew on a piece of bread long enough, it will begin to taste sweet because

Accepted Answer

A)  disaccharidases are forming glucose. 
B)  lipases are forming fatty acids. 
C)  amylase is breaking down starches into disaccharides. 
D)  maltase is breaking down maltose. 
E)  proteases are forming amino acids. 
A)  disaccharidases are forming glucose. 
B)  lipases are forming fatty acids. 
C)  amylase is breaking down starches into disaccharides. 
D)  maltase is breaking down maltose. 
E)  proteases are forming amino acids.

Question 6

Different species of animals have very different nutritional requirements and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) specializations, depending on their primary diets. For example, carnivorous animals have relatively short small intestines, fast gut passage rates, and high protein requirements, in accordance with the high- protein, easily digested prey they consume. Based on your knowledge of nutrition and digestion and on the example provided in this scenario, what do you conclude about ruminants, which eat low- protein, difficult- to- digest plant leaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have normal nutritional requirements but extremely short GITs and fast gut passage rates to maximize the amount of food passing through the GIT. 
B)  They have reduced protein requirements, long GITs, and slow gut passage rates to extract as many nutrients as possible from their diet. 
C)  They have reduced protein requirements but GITs and gut passage rates similar to those of carnivores. 
D)  Their GITs and nutritional requirements are similar to those of carnivores, and they must also eat some animal prey to obtain enough dietary protein. 
A)  They have normal nutritional requirements but extremely short GITs and fast gut passage rates to maximize the amount of food passing through the GIT. 
B)  They have reduced protein requirements, long GITs, and slow gut passage rates to extract as many nutrients as possible from their diet. 
C)  They have reduced protein requirements but GITs and gut passage rates similar to those of carnivores. 
D)  Their GITs and nutritional requirements are similar to those of carnivores, and they must also eat some animal prey to obtain enough dietary protein.

Question 7

You eat 25 potato chips, which contain 10 grams of carbohydrate (potato) and 10 grams of fat. This means that

Accepted Answer

A)  about 40 Calories are from fat and 90 Calories are from carbohydrate. 
B)  all of the calories are from carbohydrate. 
C)  about half your calories are from fat and half from carbohydrate. 
D)  about 90 Calories are from fat and 40 Calories are from carbohydrate. 
E)  all of the calories are from fat. 
A)  about 40 Calories are from fat and 90 Calories are from carbohydrate. 
B)  all of the calories are from carbohydrate. 
C)  about half your calories are from fat and half from carbohydrate. 
D)  about 90 Calories are from fat and 40 Calories are from carbohydrate. 
E)  all of the calories are from fat.

Question 8

Which vitamin plays a major role in blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

A)  B12 
B)  B1 (thiamin) 
C)  K 
D)  D 
E)  A 
A)  B12 
B)  B1 (thiamin) 
C)  K 
D)  D 
E)  A

Question 9

Cellulose is the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

An essential nutrient is one that

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot be made by the organism. 
B)  can be found only in animal products. 
C)  is used for energy storage. 
D)  is required in large amounts. 
A)  cannot be made by the organism. 
B)  can be found only in animal products. 
C)  is used for energy storage. 
D)  is required in large amounts.

Question 11

You need the mineral _ in your diet in order to carry oxygen efficiently in your red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You need the mineral _ in your...

Question 12

When you swallow, you set in motion a series of wavelike muscle contractions that are collectively called
.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When you swallow, you set in motion...

Question 13

Digested fats are packaged into , which are too big to enter blood capillaries and so have to diffuse into lacteals, where fats enter the lymph and are transported within the lymphatic system.

Accepted Answer

A)  chyme 
B)  lipases 
C)  bile salts 
D)  micelles 
E)  chylomicrons 
A)  chyme 
B)  lipases 
C)  bile salts 
D)  micelles 
E)  chylomicrons

Question 14

Which hormone stimulates the activity of gastric glands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretin 
B)  Cholecystokinin 
C)  Gastrin 
D)  Pepsinogen 
A)  Secretin 
B)  Cholecystokinin 
C)  Gastrin 
D)  Pepsinogen

Question 15

digestion is the process by which food particles are exposed to enzymes that break them down into smaller subunits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of digestion is the process by which food...

Question 16

Bile is made by the .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bile is made by the ....

Question 17

A person has the highest energy expenditure at rest.

Accepted Answer

A)  moderately physically active 
B)  very sedentary, overweight 
C)  moderately sedentary 
D)  very physically active, muscular 
A)  moderately physically active 
B)  very sedentary, overweight 
C)  moderately sedentary 
D)  very physically active, muscular

Question 18

The major function of the large intestine is to

Accepted Answer

A)  make bile. 
B)  reabsorb water. 
C)  digest food. 
D)  neutralize chyme. 
E)  produce digestive enzymes. 
A)  make bile. 
B)  reabsorb water. 
C)  digest food. 
D)  neutralize chyme. 
E)  produce digestive enzymes.

Question 19

Cancer patients who receive radiation treatment or chemotherapy often slough off their most rapidly dividing body cells, such as those in the hair follicles and those lining the gastrointestinal tract. This results in much of the pain, fatigue, and other complications associated with the cancer treatment. Understandably, some loss of hair is expected when undergoing such procedures. Which of the following would you also expect to occur with cancer treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduced nutrient absorption and subsequent weakness 
B)  High blood pressure 
C)  Constipation due to excessive water reabsorption 
D)  Elevated lipid and glucose levels in the blood 
E)  Excess mucus production in the airways 
A)  Reduced nutrient absorption and subsequent weakness 
B)  High blood pressure 
C)  Constipation due to excessive water reabsorption 
D)  Elevated lipid and glucose levels in the blood 
E)  Excess mucus production in the airways

Question 20

Which of the following plays a key role in the absorption and distribution of fats?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microvilli and villi 
B)  Segmentation and peristalsis movements 
C)  Secretin and gastrin 
D)  Large intestine and rectum 
E)  Chylomicrons and lacteals 
A)  Microvilli and villi 
B)  Segmentation and peristalsis movements 
C)  Secretin and gastrin 
D)  Large intestine and rectum 
E)  Chylomicrons and lacteals

Exam 35: Nutrition and Digestion

Which of these enzymes catalyzes the breakdown of starch (a polysaccharide)?

Which of these animals uses collar cells to obtain food for intracellular digestion?

Digestion in humans occurs in a gastrovascular cavity.

Amylase is produced by the

If you chew on a piece of bread long enough, it will begin to taste sweet because

You eat 25 potato chips, which contain 10 grams of carbohydrate (potato) and 10 grams of fat. This means that

Which vitamin plays a major role in blood clotting?

Cellulose is the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth.

An essential nutrient is one that

You need the mineral _ in your diet in order to carry oxygen efficiently in your red blood cells.

When you swallow, you set in motion a series of wavelike muscle contractions that are collectively called .

Digested fats are packaged into , which are too big to enter blood capillaries and so have to diffuse into lacteals, where fats enter the lymph and are transported within the lymphatic system.

Which hormone stimulates the activity of gastric glands?

digestion is the process by which food particles are exposed to enzymes that break them down into smaller subunits.

Bile is made by the .

A person has the highest energy expenditure at rest.

The major function of the large intestine is to

Which of the following plays a key role in the absorption and distribution of fats?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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