Question 1

Why can flowers be brought "into bloom" out of season by changing the duration of light and darkness?

Accepted Answer

Plants measure the season by the duration of continuous darkness. Altering the light- dark pattern can trick the plants into thinking it is the appropriate time to bloom.

Question 2

If a poplar forest is attacked by gypsy moths, how do the trees around the infected area tend to become somewhat resistant?

Accepted Answer

Plants that are attacked by insects tend to release hormones into the air to "warn" neighboring plants.

Question 3

Suppose you have some seeds that refuse to germinate when placed in moist soil. What could you do to encourage the seeds to germinate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Put them in direct sunlight. 
B)  Boil them. 
C)  Treat them with auxin. 
D)  Treat them with abscisic acid. 
E)  Treat them with gibberellin. 
A)  Put them in direct sunlight. 
B)  Boil them. 
C)  Treat them with auxin. 
D)  Treat them with abscisic acid. 
E)  Treat them with gibberellin. E

Question 4

Placing a ripe apple in a bag of green bananas will cause the bananas to ripen quickly. This is because the apple

Accepted Answer

A)  releases heat. 
B)  absorbs cytokinin. 
C)  produces ethylene gas. 
D)  forms digestive enzymes. 
E)  makes auxin. 
A)  releases heat. 
B)  absorbs cytokinin. 
C)  produces ethylene gas. 
D)  forms digestive enzymes. 
E)  makes auxin.

Question 5

What happens to phytochromes after several days of dark, rainy weather?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pr absorbs darkness and converts to Pfr. 
B)  Pr stimulates flowering. 
C)  Pr and Pfr become unstable and both are destroyed. 
D)  Pr and Pfr are both formed from inactive phytochrome. 
E)  Pfr spontaneously reverts to Pr. 
A)  Pr absorbs darkness and converts to Pfr. 
B)  Pr stimulates flowering. 
C)  Pr and Pfr become unstable and both are destroyed. 
D)  Pr and Pfr are both formed from inactive phytochrome. 
E)  Pfr spontaneously reverts to Pr.

Question 6

A new type of strawberry plant produces fruit in the late spring, throughout the summer, and into the fall. It is a(n) plant.

Accepted Answer

A)  day- neutral 
B)  long- day 
C)  short- day 
D)  indeterminate- day 
E)  night- determinate 
A)  day- neutral 
B)  long- day 
C)  short- day 
D)  indeterminate- day 
E)  night- determinate

Question 7

Willow trees and many other plants produce , from which aspirin is made.

Accepted Answer

A)  nicotine 
B)  salicylic acid 
C)  acetic acid 
D)  acetaminophen 
E)  volantin 
A)  nicotine 
B)  salicylic acid 
C)  acetic acid 
D)  acetaminophen 
E)  volantin

Question 8

Defend this statement: Plants are just as capable of responding to their environment as are animals.

Accepted Answer

Plants have tropisms, such as

Question 9

The relative sizes of roots and shoots are regulated by interactions between

Accepted Answer

A)  gibberellins and abscisic acid. 
B)  auxins and cytokinins. 
C)  cytokinins and ethylene. 
D)  ethylene and abscisic acid. 
E)  abscisic acid and cytokinins. 
A)  gibberellins and abscisic acid. 
B)  auxins and cytokinins. 
C)  cytokinins and ethylene. 
D)  ethylene and abscisic acid. 
E)  abscisic acid and cytokinins.

Question 10

Why do bananas in a bag ripen so much faster than bananas on a counter top?

Accepted Answer

A)  Auxins are present in low concentrations in the bag because sunlight stimulates the production of this hormone. 
B)  Abscisic acid, produced by the fruit, is trapped in the bag. 
C)  Ethylene, produced by the fruit, is trapped in the bag. 
D)  Cytokinins are present in low concentrations in the bag because sunlight stimulates the production of this hormone. 
E)  The bag holds in more moisture. 
A)  Auxins are present in low concentrations in the bag because sunlight stimulates the production of this hormone. 
B)  Abscisic acid, produced by the fruit, is trapped in the bag. 
C)  Ethylene, produced by the fruit, is trapped in the bag. 
D)  Cytokinins are present in low concentrations in the bag because sunlight stimulates the production of this hormone. 
E)  The bag holds in more moisture.

Question 11

When a peach blossom is pollinated, auxin and/or _ stimulates the development of fruit from the ovary.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a peach blossom is pollinated, auxin...

Question 12

Pea plant tendrils wrapping around a string demonstrate

Accepted Answer

A)  phototropism. 
B)  lumitropism. 
C)  gravitropism. 
D)  amylotropism. 
E)  thigmotropism. 
A)  phototropism. 
B)  lumitropism. 
C)  gravitropism. 
D)  amylotropism. 
E)  thigmotropism.

Question 13

After seeds were planted, some of the seedlings did not emerge from the soil. Is it possible they did not grow because some of the seeds were planted upside down?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes; if the seed was oriented so that the embryonic shoot pointed down, it would grow in that direction because sunlight doesn't reach it. 
B)  Yes; after seeds are planted, water and settling of the soil may cause them to shift in their orientation. 
C)  No; gibberellins and abscisic acid, in balanced concentrations, cause shoots to grow away from gravity. 
D)  No; sunlight penetrates soil to the depth of seeds and shoots grow toward the sunlight. 
E)  No; auxins in the shoots cause curvature away from gravity. 
A)  Yes; if the seed was oriented so that the embryonic shoot pointed down, it would grow in that direction because sunlight doesn't reach it. 
B)  Yes; after seeds are planted, water and settling of the soil may cause them to shift in their orientation. 
C)  No; gibberellins and abscisic acid, in balanced concentrations, cause shoots to grow away from gravity. 
D)  No; sunlight penetrates soil to the depth of seeds and shoots grow toward the sunlight. 
E)  No; auxins in the shoots cause curvature away from gravity.

Question 14

Ethylene

Accepted Answer

A)  promotes leaf and fruit drop. 
B)  causes phototropism. 
C)  promotes gravitropism. 
D)  stimulates seed germination. 
E)  prevents leaf senescence. 
A)  promotes leaf and fruit drop. 
B)  causes phototropism. 
C)  promotes gravitropism. 
D)  stimulates seed germination. 
E)  prevents leaf senescence.

Question 15

How a plant cell responds to a hormone depends on the

Accepted Answer

A)  presence of other plant cells nearby. 
B)  "shelf life" of the hormone. 
C)  cell that secretes the hormone. 
D)  concentration of the hormone. 
E)  amount of available sunlight. 
A)  presence of other plant cells nearby. 
B)  "shelf life" of the hormone. 
C)  cell that secretes the hormone. 
D)  concentration of the hormone. 
E)  amount of available sunlight.

Question 16

The only plant hormone that is a gas is cytokinin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Most scientists believe that the lateral buds nearest the top of a tree are most inhibited from sprouting because they

Accepted Answer

A)  produce gibberellins. 
B)  are the most affected by gravity. 
C)  receive the most auxin from the apical bud. 
D)  are most exposed to the light. 
E)  are shaded by the apical bud and the top of the tree. 
A)  produce gibberellins. 
B)  are the most affected by gravity. 
C)  receive the most auxin from the apical bud. 
D)  are most exposed to the light. 
E)  are shaded by the apical bud and the top of the tree.

Question 18

What phenomenon is illustrated in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phototropism 
B)  Thigmotropism 
C)  Apicotropism 
D)  Gravitropism 
A)  Phototropism 
B)  Thigmotropism 
C)  Apicotropism 
D)  Gravitropism

Question 19

A botanist who wants to stimulate flower formation in response to light cues could treat the plants with

Accepted Answer

A)  florigen. 
B)  auxin. 
C)  abscisic acid. 
D)  cytokinin. 
E)  ethylene. 
A)  florigen. 
B)  auxin. 
C)  abscisic acid. 
D)  cytokinin. 
E)  ethylene.

Question 20

Corn plants release chemicals that attract a parasitic wasp. The wasp, in turn, protects the corn plants from destruction by

Accepted Answer

A)  stinging bees. 
B)  too dry soils. 
C)  caterpillars. 
D)  root worms. 
E)  other wasps. 
A)  stinging bees. 
B)  too dry soils. 
C)  caterpillars. 
D)  root worms. 
E)  other wasps.

Exam 46: Plant Responses to the Environment

Why can flowers be brought "into bloom" out of season by changing the duration of light and darkness?

If a poplar forest is attacked by gypsy moths, how do the trees around the infected area tend to become somewhat resistant?

Suppose you have some seeds that refuse to germinate when placed in moist soil. What could you do to encourage the seeds to germinate?

Placing a ripe apple in a bag of green bananas will cause the bananas to ripen quickly. This is because the apple

What happens to phytochromes after several days of dark, rainy weather?

A new type of strawberry plant produces fruit in the late spring, throughout the summer, and into the fall. It is a(n) plant.

Willow trees and many other plants produce , from which aspirin is made.

Defend this statement: Plants are just as capable of responding to their environment as are animals.

The relative sizes of roots and shoots are regulated by interactions between

Why do bananas in a bag ripen so much faster than bananas on a counter top?

When a peach blossom is pollinated, auxin and/or _ stimulates the development of fruit from the ovary.

Pea plant tendrils wrapping around a string demonstrate

After seeds were planted, some of the seedlings did not emerge from the soil. Is it possible they did not grow because some of the seeds were planted upside down?

Ethylene

How a plant cell responds to a hormone depends on the

The only plant hormone that is a gas is cytokinin.

Most scientists believe that the lateral buds nearest the top of a tree are most inhibited from sprouting because they

What phenomenon is illustrated in the figure?

A botanist who wants to stimulate flower formation in response to light cues could treat the plants with

Corn plants release chemicals that attract a parasitic wasp. The wasp, in turn, protects the corn plants from destruction by

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

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