Question 1

Cancer cells form in our bodies every day. How does the immune system destroy them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibodies attach to the cancer cells and then macrophages engulf them. 
B)  The immune system cannot destroy cancer cells. 
C)  Immune secretions, such as interferon, disrupt the DNA of the cancer cells. 
D)  Fevers slow the replication of cancerous cells. 
E)  Natural killer and cytotoxic T cells recognize the cancer cells as foreign and attack them. 
A)  Antibodies attach to the cancer cells and then macrophages engulf them. 
B)  The immune system cannot destroy cancer cells. 
C)  Immune secretions, such as interferon, disrupt the DNA of the cancer cells. 
D)  Fevers slow the replication of cancerous cells. 
E)  Natural killer and cytotoxic T cells recognize the cancer cells as foreign and attack them. E

Question 2

HIV selectively destroys

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma cells. 
B)  helper T cells. 
C)  all B and T cells. 
D)  memory B cells. 
E)  cytotoxic T cells. 
A)  plasma cells. 
B)  helper T cells. 
C)  all B and T cells. 
D)  memory B cells. 
E)  cytotoxic T cells. B

Question 3

are substances that induce fever.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pyrogens 
B)  Interferons 
C)  MHC proteins 
D)  Cytokines 
A)  Pyrogens 
B)  Interferons 
C)  MHC proteins 
D)  Cytokines A

Question 4

All bacteria and viruses are

Accepted Answer

A)  microbes. 
B)  antibodies. 
C)  causes of cancer. 
D)  pathogens. 
E)  plasma cells. 
A)  microbes. 
B)  antibodies. 
C)  causes of cancer. 
D)  pathogens. 
E)  plasma cells.

Question 5

Plasma cells are derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophils. 
B)  B cells. 
C)  T cells. 
D)  dendritic cells. 
E)  macrophages. 
A)  neutrophils. 
B)  B cells. 
C)  T cells. 
D)  dendritic cells. 
E)  macrophages.

Question 6

As part of the defense system of the body, the skin produces sweat, which contains natural antibiotics that inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi.

Accepted Answer

nonspecifi

Question 7

It is likely that a hospitalized patient with a high lymphocyte count has some type of infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Where on the Y- shaped antibody does an antigen bind?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stem of the Y 
B)  Constant region of the heavy chain 
C)  Constant region of the light chain 
D)  Tip of the arm 
A)  Stem of the Y 
B)  Constant region of the heavy chain 
C)  Constant region of the light chain 
D)  Tip of the arm

Question 9

Which of these are immune cells produced by the bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

A)  T cells 
B)  B cells 
C)  Red blood cells 
D)  Both B and T cells 
E)  B cells, T cells, and red blood cells 
A)  T cells 
B)  B cells 
C)  Red blood cells 
D)  Both B and T cells 
E)  B cells, T cells, and red blood cells

Question 10

Vaccinations are effective because they stimulate the production of cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic T 
B)  plasma 
C)  helper T 
D)  memory 
A)  cytotoxic T 
B)  plasma 
C)  helper T 
D)  memory

Question 11

Vertebrate and invertebrate immune systems are similar in that their first line of defense is a nonspecific external barrier; however, they differ in that invertebrates do not produce white blood cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Clonal selection occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  antibodies that are the most common become cloned. 
B)  natural selection favors specific white blood cells and they multiply rapidly. 
C)  antigen- antibody binding causes selected B cells to multiply. 
D)  scientists clone antibodies for specific diseases and use them to prepare vaccines. 
E)  daughter cells differentiate into memory B cells and plasma cells. 
A)  antibodies that are the most common become cloned. 
B)  natural selection favors specific white blood cells and they multiply rapidly. 
C)  antigen- antibody binding causes selected B cells to multiply. 
D)  scientists clone antibodies for specific diseases and use them to prepare vaccines. 
E)  daughter cells differentiate into memory B cells and plasma cells.

Question 13

Why doesn't your immune system attack your own cells?

Accepted Answer

Immature lymphocytes that respond to "se

Question 14

What mechanisms do natural killer cells use to destroy body cells that have been infected by cancer or a virus?

Accepted Answer

They open up large holes in th

Question 15

HIV stands for human virus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of HIV stands for human virus....

Question 16

Antibodies and T- cell receptors are both produced by B cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Why are new flu shots necessary every year?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flu viruses have a high mutation rate. 
B)  Depending on the year, either bacteria or viruses cause the flu. 
C)  The antiviral chemicals in flu shots last only 11 months. 
D)  Flu shots do not result in the production of memory cells. 
A)  Flu viruses have a high mutation rate. 
B)  Depending on the year, either bacteria or viruses cause the flu. 
C)  The antiviral chemicals in flu shots last only 11 months. 
D)  Flu shots do not result in the production of memory cells.

Question 18

What are antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses 
B)  Cells that undergo apoptosis 
C)  Bacteria 
D)  Proteins produced by T cells that bind to foreign proteins 
E)  Proteins produced by B cells that bind to foreign proteins 
A)  Viruses 
B)  Cells that undergo apoptosis 
C)  Bacteria 
D)  Proteins produced by T cells that bind to foreign proteins 
E)  Proteins produced by B cells that bind to foreign proteins

Question 19

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

"Big eater" cells that ingest and destroy microbes are

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages. 
B)  mast cells. 
C)  natural killer cells. 
D)  T cells. 
E)  plasma cells. 
A)  macrophages. 
B)  mast cells. 
C)  natural killer cells. 
D)  T cells. 
E)  plasma cells.

Exam 37: Defenses Against Disease

Cancer cells form in our bodies every day. How does the immune system destroy them?

HIV selectively destroys

are substances that induce fever.

All bacteria and viruses are

Plasma cells are derived from

As part of the defense system of the body, the skin produces sweat, which contains natural antibiotics that inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi.

It is likely that a hospitalized patient with a high lymphocyte count has some type of infection.

Where on the Y- shaped antibody does an antigen bind?

Which of these are immune cells produced by the bone marrow?

Vaccinations are effective because they stimulate the production of cells.

Vertebrate and invertebrate immune systems are similar in that their first line of defense is a nonspecific external barrier; however, they differ in that invertebrates do not produce white blood cells.

Clonal selection occurs when

Why doesn't your immune system attack your own cells?

What mechanisms do natural killer cells use to destroy body cells that have been infected by cancer or a virus?

HIV stands for human virus.

Antibodies and T- cell receptors are both produced by B cells.

Why are new flu shots necessary every year?

What are antibodies?

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the United States.

"Big eater" cells that ingest and destroy microbes are

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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