Question 1

Digestion begins in the

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach. 
B)  pharynx. 
C)  small intestine. 
D)  mouth. 
E)  colon. 
A)  stomach. 
B)  pharynx. 
C)  small intestine. 
D)  mouth. 
E)  colon.

Question 2

Fats and oils contain more energy per gram than proteins or carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following structures has both a digestive and a respiratory role?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nose 
B)  Stomach 
C)  Pharynx 
D)  Larynx 
E)  Esophagus 
A)  Nose 
B)  Stomach 
C)  Pharynx 
D)  Larynx 
E)  Esophagus

Question 4

Which of the following can be absorbed directly into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fats 
B)  Polysaccharides 
C)  Large proteins 
D)  Amino acids 
E)  Triglycerides 
A)  Fats 
B)  Polysaccharides 
C)  Large proteins 
D)  Amino acids 
E)  Triglycerides

Question 5

Which of these dietary changes should I make following surgery to remove my gallbladder? (Hint: How does the gallbladder assist in digestion?)

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase my consumption of protein 
B)  Decrease my consumption of fats 
C)  Increase my intake of water 
D)  Increase my consumption of fats 
E)  Decrease my consumption of protein 
A)  Increase my consumption of protein 
B)  Decrease my consumption of fats 
C)  Increase my intake of water 
D)  Increase my consumption of fats 
E)  Decrease my consumption of protein

Question 6

How does the highly acidic fluid in the stomach become slightly basic almost immediately upon entry into the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  The acids in this fluid are neutralized by the amylase secreted from the pancreas. 
B)  The acids in this fluid are neutralized by the sodium bicarbonate secreted from the pancreas. 
C)  The acids in this fluid remain in the stomach and only the partially digested food enters the small intestine. 
D)  The acids are absorbed by the small intestine as soon as they leave the stomach. 
A)  The acids in this fluid are neutralized by the amylase secreted from the pancreas. 
B)  The acids in this fluid are neutralized by the sodium bicarbonate secreted from the pancreas. 
C)  The acids in this fluid remain in the stomach and only the partially digested food enters the small intestine. 
D)  The acids are absorbed by the small intestine as soon as they leave the stomach.

Question 7

Which part of the digestive tract has the lowest pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pancreas 
B)  Small intestine 
C)  Rectum 
D)  Large intestine 
E)  Stomach 
A)  Pancreas 
B)  Small intestine 
C)  Rectum 
D)  Large intestine 
E)  Stomach

Question 8

Describe the specialized digestive system that enables ruminants, such as cows, to live on a diet of grass.

Accepted Answer

Ruminants have a multichambered stomach

Question 9

Vitamin D is added to milk because it increases

Accepted Answer

A)  digestion of lipids in milk. 
B)  digestion of milk protein. 
C)  calcium absorption. 
D)  iron absorption. 
E)  the shelf life of milk. 
A)  digestion of lipids in milk. 
B)  digestion of milk protein. 
C)  calcium absorption. 
D)  iron absorption. 
E)  the shelf life of milk.

Question 10

When your mother told you to drink your milk because it would help build strong bones, she was

Accepted Answer

A)  right, because milk contains vitamin D, which promotes bone growth. 
B)  wrong, because milk contains large amounts of vitamin C, which causes scurvy. 
C)  right, because milk contains vitamin C, which is involved in maintaining the walls of blood vessels in the retina. 
D)  wrong, because milk contains large amounts of vitamin D, which causes rickets. 
E)  wrong, because milk contains large amounts of vitamin E, which helps with the formation of red blood cells. 
A)  right, because milk contains vitamin D, which promotes bone growth. 
B)  wrong, because milk contains large amounts of vitamin C, which causes scurvy. 
C)  right, because milk contains vitamin C, which is involved in maintaining the walls of blood vessels in the retina. 
D)  wrong, because milk contains large amounts of vitamin D, which causes rickets. 
E)  wrong, because milk contains large amounts of vitamin E, which helps with the formation of red blood cells.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding a gastrovascular cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Digestion is exclusively intracellular. 
B)  Absorption occurs within collar cells. 
C)  Ingestion and elimination occur through a single opening. 
D)  Digestion is unnecessary because of the small size of the particles absorbed. 
E)  Digestion occurs in specialized chambers. 
A)  Digestion is exclusively intracellular. 
B)  Absorption occurs within collar cells. 
C)  Ingestion and elimination occur through a single opening. 
D)  Digestion is unnecessary because of the small size of the particles absorbed. 
E)  Digestion occurs in specialized chambers.

Question 12

A shipworm is an animal that subsists entirely on a diet of wood. What digestive feature is this animal likely to have in order to survive on this highly specialized diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  A gastrovascular cavity 
B)  Large amounts of proteases and lipases 
C)  Intracellular digestion 
D)  Symbiotic microorganisms that produce cellulose- digesting enzymes 
E)  A three- chambered stomach 
A)  A gastrovascular cavity 
B)  Large amounts of proteases and lipases 
C)  Intracellular digestion 
D)  Symbiotic microorganisms that produce cellulose- digesting enzymes 
E)  A three- chambered stomach

Question 13

With the widespread public interest in low- fat food, some companies have started to use synthetic fats that cannot be broken down and absorbed by the digestive system. What problem might be associated with a typical American diet that includes large amounts of these synthetic fats?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obesity 
B)  Vitamin K deficiency 
C)  Vitamin C deficiency 
D)  Protein deficiency 
E)  Anorexia 
A)  Obesity 
B)  Vitamin K deficiency 
C)  Vitamin C deficiency 
D)  Protein deficiency 
E)  Anorexia

Question 14

Which nutrient is synthesized and stored in the liver and muscles of animals and is used as a source of quick energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protein 
B)  Fat 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Glycogen 
E)  Starch 
A)  Protein 
B)  Fat 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Glycogen 
E)  Starch

Question 15

The average human body at rest burns about Calories per hour.

Accepted Answer

A)  5,000 
B)  1,000 
C)  1 
D)  500 
E)  70 
A)  5,000 
B)  1,000 
C)  1 
D)  500 
E)  70

Question 16

Explain how the teeth of carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores differ.

Accepted Answer

Teeth of carnivores have reduced incisor

Question 17

The stomach differs from the small intestine in that it

Accepted Answer

A)  produces enzymes that work best at a low pH. 
B)  secretes hormones that travel through the bloodstream. 
C)  does not secrete mucus. 
D)  secretes enzymes. 
E)  has tiny projections called villi that are folded into microvilli. 
A)  produces enzymes that work best at a low pH. 
B)  secretes hormones that travel through the bloodstream. 
C)  does not secrete mucus. 
D)  secretes enzymes. 
E)  has tiny projections called villi that are folded into microvilli.

Question 18

Most chemical digestion occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  large intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  esophagus. 
D)  mouth. 
E)  small intestine. 
A)  large intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  esophagus. 
D)  mouth. 
E)  small intestine.

Question 19

Which of the following is a gastric enzyme that breaks down proteins into peptides?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipase 
B)  Sodium bicarbonate 
C)  Pepsin 
D)  Amylase 
E)  Bile 
A)  Lipase 
B)  Sodium bicarbonate 
C)  Pepsin 
D)  Amylase 
E)  Bile

Question 20

List the five tasks of all digestive tracts.

Accepted Answer

ingestion of food, mechanical

Exam 35: Nutrition and Digestion

Digestion begins in the

Fats and oils contain more energy per gram than proteins or carbohydrates.

Which of the following structures has both a digestive and a respiratory role?

Which of the following can be absorbed directly into the bloodstream?

Which of these dietary changes should I make following surgery to remove my gallbladder? (Hint: How does the gallbladder assist in digestion?)

How does the highly acidic fluid in the stomach become slightly basic almost immediately upon entry into the small intestine?

Which part of the digestive tract has the lowest pH?

Describe the specialized digestive system that enables ruminants, such as cows, to live on a diet of grass.

Vitamin D is added to milk because it increases

When your mother told you to drink your milk because it would help build strong bones, she was

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding a gastrovascular cavity?

A shipworm is an animal that subsists entirely on a diet of wood. What digestive feature is this animal likely to have in order to survive on this highly specialized diet?

With the widespread public interest in low- fat food, some companies have started to use synthetic fats that cannot be broken down and absorbed by the digestive system. What problem might be associated with a typical American diet that includes large amounts of these synthetic fats?

Which nutrient is synthesized and stored in the liver and muscles of animals and is used as a source of quick energy?

The average human body at rest burns about Calories per hour.

Explain how the teeth of carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores differ.

The stomach differs from the small intestine in that it

Most chemical digestion occurs in the

Which of the following is a gastric enzyme that breaks down proteins into peptides?

List the five tasks of all digestive tracts.

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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