Question 1

A substance with specific properties that cannot be broken down or converted into another substance is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  compound. 
B)  mixture. 
C)  element. 
D)  ion. 
E)  molecule. 
A)  compound. 
B)  mixture. 
C)  element. 
D)  ion. 
E)  molecule.

Question 2

Which of the following is LEAST affected by the presence of water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonpolar covalent bond 
B)  Polar covalent bond 
C)  Ionic bond 
D)  Hydrogen bond 
E)  Electron- proton interaction 
A)  Nonpolar covalent bond 
B)  Polar covalent bond 
C)  Ionic bond 
D)  Hydrogen bond 
E)  Electron- proton interaction

Question 3

Imagine that you have been hired as a chemist and your first task is to examine a newly discovered atom. The paperwork you are given states that its atomic number is 110. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  The atom contains 110 protons. 
B)  The atom contains 55 electrons. 
C)  The atom is an isotope. 
D)  The atom contains 55 protons and 55 neutrons. 
A)  The atom contains 110 protons. 
B)  The atom contains 55 electrons. 
C)  The atom is an isotope. 
D)  The atom contains 55 protons and 55 neutrons.

Question 4

Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15, so what is the distribution of its electrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  The first energy level has 2, the second has 8, and the third has 5. 
B)  The electron arrangement cannot be determined from the atomic number alone. 
C)  The first energy level has 2 and the second has 13. 
D)  The first energy level has 8 and the second has 7. 
E)  The first, second, and third energy levels have 5 electrons each. 
A)  The first energy level has 2, the second has 8, and the third has 5. 
B)  The electron arrangement cannot be determined from the atomic number alone. 
C)  The first energy level has 2 and the second has 13. 
D)  The first energy level has 8 and the second has 7. 
E)  The first, second, and third energy levels have 5 electrons each.

Question 5

The human body must maintain a constant pH. In the blood, bicarbonate serves as a(n) to help maintain the necessary pH.

Accepted Answer

A)  base 
B)  solvent 
C)  acid 
D)  buffer 
A)  base 
B)  solvent 
C)  acid 
D)  buffer

Question 6

If a certain atom has a tendency to lose two electrons, that atom can then become a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  polar molecule. 
B)  water molecule. 
C)  ion. 
D)  isotope. 
A)  polar molecule. 
B)  water molecule. 
C)  ion. 
D)  isotope.

Question 7

Hydrophilic molecules

Accepted Answer

A)  form hydrogen bonds among themselves. 
B)  do not readily dissolve in water. 
C)  are repelled by water. 
D)  readily dissolve in water. 
E)  are neutral and nonpolar. 
A)  form hydrogen bonds among themselves. 
B)  do not readily dissolve in water. 
C)  are repelled by water. 
D)  readily dissolve in water. 
E)  are neutral and nonpolar.

Question 8

If sulfur has an atomic number of 16, how many covalent bonds can it form with other atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two 
B)  Four 
C)  Eight 
D)  Six 
E)  Zero 
A)  Two 
B)  Four 
C)  Eight 
D)  Six 
E)  Zero

Question 9

What type of bonding exists between the slight positive charge of a hydrogen atom and the slight negative charge of a nearby oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of bonding exists between the...

Question 10

Most biological molecules are joined by

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic bonds. 
B)  peptide bonds. 
C)  covalent bonds. 
D)  disulfide bonds. 
E)  hydrogen bonds. 
A)  ionic bonds. 
B)  peptide bonds. 
C)  covalent bonds. 
D)  disulfide bonds. 
E)  hydrogen bonds.

Question 11

In general, a substance that carries an electric charge can dissolve in water. Given this fact, which of the following would most likely NOT dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ionic compounds 
B)  NaCl 
C)  Nonpolar molecules 
D)  Polar covalent molecules 
A)  Ionic compounds 
B)  NaCl 
C)  Nonpolar molecules 
D)  Polar covalent molecules

Question 12

Which statement is an accurate description of water molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are uncharged and nonpolar. 
B)  They are charged and nonpolar. 
C)  They are slightly charged and polar. 
D)  They are ionically bonded. 
A)  They are uncharged and nonpolar. 
B)  They are charged and nonpolar. 
C)  They are slightly charged and polar. 
D)  They are ionically bonded.

Question 13

For an atom to achieve maximum stability and become chemically inert, what must occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electron pairs are shared. 
B)  Its outermost energy shell must be completely filled with electrons. 
C)  Ionization occurs. 
D)  The number of electrons must equal the number of protons. 
A)  Electron pairs are shared. 
B)  Its outermost energy shell must be completely filled with electrons. 
C)  Ionization occurs. 
D)  The number of electrons must equal the number of protons.

Question 14

Radioactive isotopes are biological tools that are often used to

Accepted Answer

A)  detect brain tumors and other important medical technologies. 
B)  measure the size of fossils. 
C)  build up a store of calcium in a cell. 
D)  increase the pH of blood. 
A)  detect brain tumors and other important medical technologies. 
B)  measure the size of fossils. 
C)  build up a store of calcium in a cell. 
D)  increase the pH of blood.

Question 15

The specific heat of water is 10 times greater than that of iron. You place a metal pot full of water on the stove to heat it up. You touch the metal handle of the pot when the water is still only lukewarm. Which of the following best describes what happens?

Accepted Answer

A)  You find that both the water and the handle are the same temperature. 
B)  You determine that metal pots full of water produce acids and bases. 
C)  You find that the handle is cooler than the water in the pot. 
D)  You burn your finger and pull your hand away from the hot metal handle. 
A)  You find that both the water and the handle are the same temperature. 
B)  You determine that metal pots full of water produce acids and bases. 
C)  You find that the handle is cooler than the water in the pot. 
D)  You burn your finger and pull your hand away from the hot metal handle.

Question 16

Most liquids become less dense upon solidification, but water is different in that it becomes denser when it solidifies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the attraction of water molecules to each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonpolar covalent bond 
B)  Polar covalent bond 
C)  Ionic bond 
D)  Hydrogen bond 
E)  Electron- proton interaction 
A)  Nonpolar covalent bond 
B)  Polar covalent bond 
C)  Ionic bond 
D)  Hydrogen bond 
E)  Electron- proton interaction

Question 18

How does a base differ from an acid?

Accepted Answer

A base is a solution with a co

Question 19

more stable than a hydrogen atom (atomic number 1)?

Accepted Answer

Two electrons completely fill

Question 20

Which four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen 
B)  Oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium 
C)  Carbon, phosphorus, hydrogen, sulfur 
D)  Carbon, sodium, chlorine, magnesium 
E)  Carbon, oxygen, calcium, sulfur 
A)  Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen 
B)  Oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium 
C)  Carbon, phosphorus, hydrogen, sulfur 
D)  Carbon, sodium, chlorine, magnesium 
E)  Carbon, oxygen, calcium, sulfur

Exam 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Life

A substance with specific properties that cannot be broken down or converted into another substance is called a(n)

Which of the following is LEAST affected by the presence of water?

Imagine that you have been hired as a chemist and your first task is to examine a newly discovered atom. The paperwork you are given states that its atomic number is 110. What does this mean?

Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15, so what is the distribution of its electrons?

The human body must maintain a constant pH. In the blood, bicarbonate serves as a(n) to help maintain the necessary pH.

If a certain atom has a tendency to lose two electrons, that atom can then become a(n)

Hydrophilic molecules

If sulfur has an atomic number of 16, how many covalent bonds can it form with other atoms?

What type of bonding exists between the slight positive charge of a hydrogen atom and the slight negative charge of a nearby oxygen atom?

Most biological molecules are joined by

In general, a substance that carries an electric charge can dissolve in water. Given this fact, which of the following would most likely NOT dissolve in water?

Which statement is an accurate description of water molecules?

For an atom to achieve maximum stability and become chemically inert, what must occur?

Radioactive isotopes are biological tools that are often used to

The specific heat of water is 10 times greater than that of iron. You place a metal pot full of water on the stove to heat it up. You touch the metal handle of the pot when the water is still only lukewarm. Which of the following best describes what happens?

Most liquids become less dense upon solidification, but water is different in that it becomes denser when it solidifies.

Which of the following best explains the attraction of water molecules to each other?

How does a base differ from an acid?

more stable than a hydrogen atom (atomic number 1)?

Which four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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