Question 1

The funnel- shaped opening of a nephridium is known as a .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The funnel- shaped opening of a nephridium...

Question 2

Osmolarity is the

Accepted Answer

A)  pH concentration of a solution. 
B)  pressure within a closed system. 
C)  concentration of dissolved solutes in solution. 
D)  ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide. 
A)  pH concentration of a solution. 
B)  pressure within a closed system. 
C)  concentration of dissolved solutes in solution. 
D)  ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide.

Question 3

Long nephron loops correlate with

Accepted Answer

A)  urine with glucose in it. 
B)  urine hypotonic to the blood. 
C)  more dilute urine. 
D)  more concentrated urine. 
E)  urine isotonic to the blood. 
A)  urine with glucose in it. 
B)  urine hypotonic to the blood. 
C)  more dilute urine. 
D)  more concentrated urine. 
E)  urine isotonic to the blood.

Question 4

Birds excrete their nitrogenous wastes in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)  uric acid. 
B)  urea. 
C)  ammonia. 
D)  amine groups. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  uric acid. 
B)  urea. 
C)  ammonia. 
D)  amine groups. 
E)  amino acids.

Question 5

Which of these hormones enables us to excrete concentrated urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH 
B)  Diuretic hormone 
C)  Renal diluting hormone 
D)  Homeostatic hormone 
E)  Aldosterone 
A)  ADH 
B)  Diuretic hormone 
C)  Renal diluting hormone 
D)  Homeostatic hormone 
E)  Aldosterone

Question 6

During reabsorption, organic nutrients and ions are moved by diffusion or active transport from the renal tubule into the

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular capsule. 
B)  incoming arteriole. 
C)  outgoing arteriole. 
D)  glomerulus. 
E)  peritubular capillaries. 
A)  glomerular capsule. 
B)  incoming arteriole. 
C)  outgoing arteriole. 
D)  glomerulus. 
E)  peritubular capillaries.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vertebrate urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eliminating cellular wastes 
B)  Adjusting water and ion concentrations 
C)  Secreting hormones 
D)  Regulating body temperature 
E)  Maintaining blood pH 
A)  Eliminating cellular wastes 
B)  Adjusting water and ion concentrations 
C)  Secreting hormones 
D)  Regulating body temperature 
E)  Maintaining blood pH

Question 8

Filtration of the blood occurs when fluid is forced by blood pressure out of the

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus. 
B)  distal tubule. 
C)  glomerular capsule. 
D)  proximal tubule. 
E)  nephron loop. 
A)  glomerulus. 
B)  distal tubule. 
C)  glomerular capsule. 
D)  proximal tubule. 
E)  nephron loop.

Question 9

Which portion of the nephron receives filtrate from the glomerular capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nephron loop 
B)  Glomerulus 
C)  Proximal tubule 
D)  Collecting duct 
E)  Distal tubule 
A)  Nephron loop 
B)  Glomerulus 
C)  Proximal tubule 
D)  Collecting duct 
E)  Distal tubule

Question 10

Flatworms have simple kidneys consisting of tubular structures called nephridia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the two main functions of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

Excretion of cellular wastes a

Question 12

In a healthy kidney, which of the following would you NOT expect to find in the filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Drugs 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Large proteins 
D)  Water 
E)  Salt 
A)  Drugs 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Large proteins 
D)  Water 
E)  Salt

Question 13

Which sequence properly describes the flow of blood through a kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, outgoing arteriole, renal artery, incoming arteriole, venule, renal vein 
B)  Peritubular capillaries, incoming arteriole, glomerulus, glomerular capsule, outgoing arteriole, renal artery 
C)  Renal vein, venule, glomerulus, outgoing arteriole, peritubular capillaries, incoming arteriole, renal artery 
D)  Renal artery, incoming arteriole, glomerulus, outgoing arteriole, peritubular capillaries, venule, renal vein 
A)  Glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, outgoing arteriole, renal artery, incoming arteriole, venule, renal vein 
B)  Peritubular capillaries, incoming arteriole, glomerulus, glomerular capsule, outgoing arteriole, renal artery 
C)  Renal vein, venule, glomerulus, outgoing arteriole, peritubular capillaries, incoming arteriole, renal artery 
D)  Renal artery, incoming arteriole, glomerulus, outgoing arteriole, peritubular capillaries, venule, renal vein

Question 14

Which of these structures most closely resembles a vertebrate nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protonephridium 
B)  Malpighian tubule 
C)  Nephridium 
D)  Flame cell 
E)  Nephrostome 
A)  Protonephridium 
B)  Malpighian tubule 
C)  Nephridium 
D)  Flame cell 
E)  Nephrostome

Question 15

Which of the following is closest to the external surface of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal medulla 
B)  Renal pelvis 
C)  Renal cortex 
D)  Nephron loops 
E)  Collecting ducts 
A)  Renal medulla 
B)  Renal pelvis 
C)  Renal cortex 
D)  Nephron loops 
E)  Collecting ducts

Question 16

Refer to the following diagram. Which of the following could result from localized brain damage to the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complete loss of urination 
B)  Increased permeability of the collecting duct 
C)  Extremely concentrated urine production 
D)  Water retention and bloating 
E)  Forming large amounts of dilute urine 
A)  Complete loss of urination 
B)  Increased permeability of the collecting duct 
C)  Extremely concentrated urine production 
D)  Water retention and bloating 
E)  Forming large amounts of dilute urine

Question 17

What is the thin, muscular tube through which urine leaves each mammalian kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urethra 
B)  Collecting duct 
C)  Nephron 
D)  Ureter 
E)  Bladder 
A)  Urethra 
B)  Collecting duct 
C)  Nephron 
D)  Ureter 
E)  Bladder

Question 18

Which of the following describes the role of urinary systems in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urinary systems filter out diseased and damaged cells that can be excreted from the body. 
B)  Urinary systems ensure the delivery of the proper amount of nitrogen to the cells. 
C)  Urinary systems are important for the generation of urea, which cells can use as an energy source when carbohydrates become scarce. 
D)  Urinary systems regulate water balance, pH, and the concentrations of ions in body fluids for cells. 
A)  Urinary systems filter out diseased and damaged cells that can be excreted from the body. 
B)  Urinary systems ensure the delivery of the proper amount of nitrogen to the cells. 
C)  Urinary systems are important for the generation of urea, which cells can use as an energy source when carbohydrates become scarce. 
D)  Urinary systems regulate water balance, pH, and the concentrations of ions in body fluids for cells.

Question 19

Earthworms utilize Malpighian tubules to conserve water and excrete cellular wastes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Describe the process of hemodialysis.

Accepted Answer

Blood flows through a semiperm

Exam 36: The Urinary System

The funnel- shaped opening of a nephridium is known as a .

Osmolarity is the

Long nephron loops correlate with

Birds excrete their nitrogenous wastes in the form of

Which of these hormones enables us to excrete concentrated urine?

During reabsorption, organic nutrients and ions are moved by diffusion or active transport from the renal tubule into the

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vertebrate urinary system?

Filtration of the blood occurs when fluid is forced by blood pressure out of the

Which portion of the nephron receives filtrate from the glomerular capsule?

Flatworms have simple kidneys consisting of tubular structures called nephridia.

What are the two main functions of the urinary system?

In a healthy kidney, which of the following would you NOT expect to find in the filtrate?

Which sequence properly describes the flow of blood through a kidney?

Which of these structures most closely resembles a vertebrate nephron?

Which of the following is closest to the external surface of the kidney?

Refer to the following diagram. Which of the following could result from localized brain damage to the pituitary gland?

What is the thin, muscular tube through which urine leaves each mammalian kidney?

Which of the following describes the role of urinary systems in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Earthworms utilize Malpighian tubules to conserve water and excrete cellular wastes.

Describe the process of hemodialysis.

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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