Question 1

A clinical infection is necessary for the development of septic shock.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

MATCHING
Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions.Terms can be used more than once.
-Begins as an allergic reaction

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock 
A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock

Question 3

What stimulates the "respiratory burst" and production of highly toxic free radicals in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrophils adhering to the endothelium 
B)  Activation of the complement cascade 
C)  Release of prostaglandins,thromboxanes,and leukotrienes 
D)  Activation of the fibrinolytic system 
A)  Neutrophils adhering to the endothelium 
B)  Activation of the complement cascade 
C)  Release of prostaglandins,thromboxanes,and leukotrienes 
D)  Activation of the fibrinolytic system

Question 4

Secondary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)results from excessive inflammatory reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD),injured endothelial cells become more permeable,allowing fluid and protein to leak into interstitial spaces and they lose much of the ability to prevent blood clotting,allowing microvascular thrombi to develop.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What mechanism causes organ injury in primary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Impaired immune response 
B)  Impaired glucose use 
C)  Impaired perfusion 
D)  Impaired ventilation 
A)  Impaired immune response 
B)  Impaired glucose use 
C)  Impaired perfusion 
D)  Impaired ventilation

Question 7

With reperfusion in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD),oxygen radicals are formed from oxygen by the action of xanthine oxidase that attack the already damaged tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

MATCHING
Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions.Terms can be used more than once.
-Follows widespread hypersensitivity reaction

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock 
A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock

Question 9

In septic shock,which mediators are anti-inflammatory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interleukin 4 (IL-4),interleukin 10 (IL-10),and interleukin 13 (IL-13) 
B)  Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-)and granulocyte cell-stimulating factor 
C)  Interleukin 1 (IL-1),interleukin 2 (IL-2),and interleukin 6 (IL-6). 
D)  Prostaglandin,leukotrienes,and bradykinin. 
A)  Interleukin 4 (IL-4),interleukin 10 (IL-10),and interleukin 13 (IL-13) 
B)  Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-)and granulocyte cell-stimulating factor 
C)  Interleukin 1 (IL-1),interleukin 2 (IL-2),and interleukin 6 (IL-6). 
D)  Prostaglandin,leukotrienes,and bradykinin.

Question 10

In secondary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD),what stimulates the normal endothelial cells to change to proinflammatory state?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interleukin 4 (IL-4)and interleukin 13 (IL-13) 
B)  Interleukin 1 (IL-1),interleukin 6 (IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) 
C)  Interferon gamma and granulocyte cell-stimulating factor 
D)  Prostaglandin,leukotrienes,histamine,and bradykinin 
A)  Interleukin 4 (IL-4)and interleukin 13 (IL-13) 
B)  Interleukin 1 (IL-1),interleukin 6 (IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) 
C)  Interferon gamma and granulocyte cell-stimulating factor 
D)  Prostaglandin,leukotrienes,histamine,and bradykinin

Question 11

What is the action of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone)administration in the treatment of shock?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasopressin counteracts the chemical mediators that cause vasodilation. 
B)  Vasopressin stimulates ß1 adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate. 
C)  Vasopressin retains sodium to increase fluid volume. 
D)  Vasopressin constricts arterioles to increase systemic vascular resistance. 
A)  Vasopressin counteracts the chemical mediators that cause vasodilation. 
B)  Vasopressin stimulates ß1 adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate. 
C)  Vasopressin retains sodium to increase fluid volume. 
D)  Vasopressin constricts arterioles to increase systemic vascular resistance.

Question 12

Without oxygen,cells shift from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The final common pathway in all shock is:

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular alterations in the heart and brain. 
B)  impairment of cellular metabolism. 
C)  cellular alterations in the vasculature and kidneys. 
D)  impairment of urine excretion. 
A)  cellular alterations in the heart and brain. 
B)  impairment of cellular metabolism. 
C)  cellular alterations in the vasculature and kidneys. 
D)  impairment of urine excretion.

Question 14

Daily evaporative water loss following burn injury is approximately _____ times normal.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 
A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20

Question 15

Hypovolemic shock begins to develop when intravascular volume has decreased by ____%.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 
A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20

Question 16

What type of shock results from decreased systemic vascular resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Septic 
B)  Cardiogenic 
C)  Hypovolemic 
D)  Heart failure 
A)  Septic 
B)  Cardiogenic 
C)  Hypovolemic 
D)  Heart failure

Question 17

The most reliable criterion of adequate fluid resuscitation following a major burn injury is:

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure. 
B)  pulse rate. 
C)  respiratory rate. 
D)  urine output. 
A)  blood pressure. 
B)  pulse rate. 
C)  respiratory rate. 
D)  urine output.

Question 18

The level of interleukin 1 (IL-1)detected in the serum of a burned individual correlates directly with the burn survival;high levels are associated with a higher mortality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD),the gut hypothesis attempts to explain:

Accepted Answer

A)  paralytic ileus. 
B)  translocation of bacteria. 
C)  maldistribution of blood flow. 
D)  massive diarrhea accompanying septic shock. 
A)  paralytic ileus. 
B)  translocation of bacteria. 
C)  maldistribution of blood flow. 
D)  massive diarrhea accompanying septic shock.

Question 20

What type of shock results from endotoxins,release of chemical mediators,and activation of the complement cascade?

Accepted Answer

A)  Septic shock 
B)  Hypovolemic shock 
C)  Anaphylactic shock 
D)  Neurogenic shock 
A)  Septic shock 
B)  Hypovolemic shock 
C)  Anaphylactic shock 
D)  Neurogenic shock

Exam 44: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

A clinical infection is necessary for the development of septic shock.

MATCHING Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions.Terms can be used more than once. -Begins as an allergic reaction

What stimulates the "respiratory burst" and production of highly toxic free radicals in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD)?

Secondary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)results from excessive inflammatory reaction.

In multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD),injured endothelial cells become more permeable,allowing fluid and protein to leak into interstitial spaces and they lose much of the ability to prevent blood clotting,allowing microvascular thrombi to develop.

What mechanism causes organ injury in primary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD)?

With reperfusion in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD),oxygen radicals are formed from oxygen by the action of xanthine oxidase that attack the already damaged tissue.

MATCHING Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions.Terms can be used more than once. -Follows widespread hypersensitivity reaction

In septic shock,which mediators are anti-inflammatory?

In secondary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD),what stimulates the normal endothelial cells to change to proinflammatory state?

What is the action of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone)administration in the treatment of shock?

Without oxygen,cells shift from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism.

The final common pathway in all shock is:

Daily evaporative water loss following burn injury is approximately _____ times normal.

Hypovolemic shock begins to develop when intravascular volume has decreased by ____%.

What type of shock results from decreased systemic vascular resistance?

The most reliable criterion of adequate fluid resuscitation following a major burn injury is:

The level of interleukin 1 (IL-1)detected in the serum of a burned individual correlates directly with the burn survival;high levels are associated with a higher mortality.

In multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOSD),the gut hypothesis attempts to explain:

What type of shock results from endotoxins,release of chemical mediators,and activation of the complement cascade?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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