Question 1

Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretory diarrhea 
B)  Motility diarrhea 
C)  Osmotic diarrhea 
D)  Small volume diarrhea 
A)  Secretory diarrhea 
B)  Motility diarrhea 
C)  Osmotic diarrhea 
D)  Small volume diarrhea

Question 2

In about 80% of cases of congenital aganglionic megacolon,the aganglionic segment is limited to the ascending colon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Children with hepatitis A develop jaundice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

An intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon collapsing through the ileocecal valve is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  congenital aganglionic megacolon. 
B)  malrotation. 
C)  intussusception. 
D)  volvulus. 
A)  congenital aganglionic megacolon. 
B)  malrotation. 
C)  intussusception. 
D)  volvulus.

Question 5

MATCHING
Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Marasmus and kwashiorkor

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Question 6

Increased bilirubin production,impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin,and reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine can each lead to:

Accepted Answer

A)  pathologic jaundice of the newborn. 
B)  physiologic jaundice of the newborn. 
C)  hepatitis A. 
D)  infantile cirrhosis. 
A)  pathologic jaundice of the newborn. 
B)  physiologic jaundice of the newborn. 
C)  hepatitis A. 
D)  infantile cirrhosis.

Question 7

Which is a cause of physiologic jaundice of the newborn?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine 
B)  Impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin 
C)  Increased bilirubin production 
D)  Mild conjugated (indirect reacting)hyperbilirubinemia 
A)  Reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine 
B)  Impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin 
C)  Increased bilirubin production 
D)  Mild conjugated (indirect reacting)hyperbilirubinemia

Question 8

Which medication do all people with cystic fibrosis take each day to compensate for a deficiency they have?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salt tablets 
B)  Pancreatic enzymes 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Antibiotics 
A)  Salt tablets 
B)  Pancreatic enzymes 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Antibiotics

Question 9

Why does an infant with gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac sprue)bruise and bleed easily?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because he has a vitamin K deficiency from fat malabsorption 
B)  Because his bone marrow function is depressed 
C)  Because he has iron,folate,and B12 deficiency anemias 
D)  Because he is taking Coumadin 
A)  Because he has a vitamin K deficiency from fat malabsorption 
B)  Because his bone marrow function is depressed 
C)  Because he has iron,folate,and B12 deficiency anemias 
D)  Because he is taking Coumadin

Question 10

_____ is a clinical sign of portal hypertension.

Accepted Answer

A)  Right heart failure 
B)  Pulmonary edema 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Diarrhea 
A)  Right heart failure 
B)  Pulmonary edema 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Diarrhea

Question 11

Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease)involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of the _____ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  central 
B)  parasympathetic 
C)  sympathetic 
D)  somatic 
A)  central 
B)  parasympathetic 
C)  sympathetic 
D)  somatic

Question 12

Why are premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis at risk for infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because they have decreased secretory immunoglobulin A (Ig
A) and intestinal T cells 
B)  Because they have decreased secretory immunoglobulin E (Ig
E) and intestinal chemical mediators 
C)  Because they have decreased secretory immunoglobulin G (IgG)and cytokines 
D)  Because they have decreased secretory immunoglobulin M (IgM)and complement 
A)  Because they have decreased secretory immunoglobulin A (Ig
A) and intestinal T cells 
B)  Because they have decreased secretory immunoglobulin E (Ig
E) and intestinal chemical mediators 
C)  Because they have decreased secretory immunoglobulin G (IgG)and cytokines 
D)  Because they have decreased secretory immunoglobulin M (IgM)and complement

Question 13

Why do people with cystic fibrosis have fat in their stools?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because their bile ducts are obstructed with mucus that prohibits the release of bile 
B)  Because they cannot metabolize fat-soluble vitamins 
C)  Because they have a deficiency of pancreatic lipase 
D)  Because of fat malabsorption in the jejunum 
A)  Because their bile ducts are obstructed with mucus that prohibits the release of bile 
B)  Because they cannot metabolize fat-soluble vitamins 
C)  Because they have a deficiency of pancreatic lipase 
D)  Because of fat malabsorption in the jejunum

Question 14

An infant suddenly develops abdominal pain,becomes irritable (colicky),and draws up the knees.Vomiting occurs soon afterward.The mother reports that after the infant passed a normal stool,the stools currently look like currant jelly.Based on these data,which disorder does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
B)  Intussusception 
C)  Malrotation 
D)  Volvulus 
A)  Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
B)  Intussusception 
C)  Malrotation 
D)  Volvulus

Question 15

Incomplete fusion of the nasomedial or intermaxillary process during the second month of embryonic development causes:

Accepted Answer

A)  cleft palate. 
B)  sinus dysfunction. 
C)  cleft lip. 
D)  esophageal malformation. 
A)  cleft palate. 
B)  sinus dysfunction. 
C)  cleft lip. 
D)  esophageal malformation.

Question 16

Which organs are affected directly by cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscles and bones 
B)  Kidneys and bladder 
C)  Lymph nodes and spleen 
D)  Cervix and liver 
A)  Muscles and bones 
B)  Kidneys and bladder 
C)  Lymph nodes and spleen 
D)  Cervix and liver

Question 17

In at least 50% of infants with esophageal defects,other congenital anomalies are present as well,such as cardiovascular anomalies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The primary cause of intrahepatic portal hypertension in children is cirrhosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The intestinal villi of a child who has been diagnosed with gluten sensitivity enteropathy regenerates after treatment with a gluten-free diet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

MATCHING
Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Meconium ileus

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Exam 38: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance?

In about 80% of cases of congenital aganglionic megacolon,the aganglionic segment is limited to the ascending colon.

Children with hepatitis A develop jaundice.

An intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon collapsing through the ileocecal valve is an example of a(n):

MATCHING Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Marasmus and kwashiorkor

Increased bilirubin production,impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin,and reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine can each lead to:

Which is a cause of physiologic jaundice of the newborn?

Which medication do all people with cystic fibrosis take each day to compensate for a deficiency they have?

Why does an infant with gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac sprue)bruise and bleed easily?

_____ is a clinical sign of portal hypertension.

Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease)involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of the _____ nervous system.

Why are premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis at risk for infection?

Why do people with cystic fibrosis have fat in their stools?

An infant suddenly develops abdominal pain,becomes irritable (colicky),and draws up the knees.Vomiting occurs soon afterward.The mother reports that after the infant passed a normal stool,the stools currently look like currant jelly.Based on these data,which disorder does the nurse suspect?

Incomplete fusion of the nasomedial or intermaxillary process during the second month of embryonic development causes:

Which organs are affected directly by cystic fibrosis?

In at least 50% of infants with esophageal defects,other congenital anomalies are present as well,such as cardiovascular anomalies.

The primary cause of intrahepatic portal hypertension in children is cirrhosis.

The intestinal villi of a child who has been diagnosed with gluten sensitivity enteropathy regenerates after treatment with a gluten-free diet.

MATCHING Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Meconium ileus

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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