Question 1

MATCHING
Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms.
-Aspiration

Accepted Answer

A) The passage of fluid and solid particles into the lung 
B) Inflammatory obstruction of small airways 
C) Excessive amount of connective tissue in the lung 
D) Alveolar collapse 
E) Abnormal dilation of the bronchi 
A) The passage of fluid and solid particles into the lung 
B) Inflammatory obstruction of small airways 
C) Excessive amount of connective tissue in the lung 
D) Alveolar collapse 
E) Abnormal dilation of the bronchi

Question 2

_____ is generally relieved by sitting up in a forward leaning position.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperpnea 
B)  Orthopnea 
C)  Apnea 
D)  Dyspnea on exertion 
A)  Hyperpnea 
B)  Orthopnea 
C)  Apnea 
D)  Dyspnea on exertion

Question 3

By what mechanism do pulmonary edema and pulmonary fibrosis cause hypoxemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  By creating alveolar dead space 
B)  By decreasing the oxygen in inspired gas 
C)  By creating a right-to-left shunt 
D)  By impairing diffusion through the alveolocapillary membrane 
A)  By creating alveolar dead space 
B)  By decreasing the oxygen in inspired gas 
C)  By creating a right-to-left shunt 
D)  By impairing diffusion through the alveolocapillary membrane

Question 4

How does smoking contribute to emphysema?

Accepted Answer

A)  By interrupting the production of elastase 
B)  By destroying cilia in the bronchi 
C)  By reducing the alpha1antitrypsin (a1a) 
D)  By creating hyperplasia of submucosal glands 
A)  By interrupting the production of elastase 
B)  By destroying cilia in the bronchi 
C)  By reducing the alpha1antitrypsin (a1a) 
D)  By creating hyperplasia of submucosal glands

Question 5

Which cause of dyspnea is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased pH,increased PaCO2,and decreased PaO2 
B)  Decreased blood flow to the medulla oblongata 
C)  Stimulation of stretch or J receptors 
D)  Fatigue of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm 
A)  Decreased pH,increased PaCO2,and decreased PaO2 
B)  Decreased blood flow to the medulla oblongata 
C)  Stimulation of stretch or J receptors 
D)  Fatigue of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm

Question 6

Hypoxemia is reduced oxygenation of cells in tissues,whereas hypoxia is reduced oxygenation of arterial blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Pulmonary hypertension results from which alteration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Narrowed pulmonary capillaries 
B)  Narrowed bronchi and bronchioles 
C)  Destruction of alveoli 
D)  Ischemia of the myocardium 
A)  Narrowed pulmonary capillaries 
B)  Narrowed bronchi and bronchioles 
C)  Destruction of alveoli 
D)  Ischemia of the myocardium

Question 8

In _____ pulmonary disease either more force is required to expire a given volume of air,or emptying of the lungs is slowed,or both.

Accepted Answer

A)  restrictive 
B)  obstructive 
C)  acute 
D)  communicable 
A)  restrictive 
B)  obstructive 
C)  acute 
D)  communicable

Question 9

Pneumoconiosis is a pneumonia caused by pneumococci.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What causes respirations that are characterized by alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased blood flow to the medulla oblongata 
B)  Decreased pH,increased PaCO2,and decreased PaO2 
C)  Stimulation of stretch or J receptors 
D)  Fatigue of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm 
A)  Decreased blood flow to the medulla oblongata 
B)  Decreased pH,increased PaCO2,and decreased PaO2 
C)  Stimulation of stretch or J receptors 
D)  Fatigue of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm

Question 11

MATCHING
Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms.
-Bronchiectasis

Accepted Answer

A) The passage of fluid and solid particles into the lung 
B) Inflammatory obstruction of small airways 
C) Excessive amount of connective tissue in the lung 
D) Alveolar collapse 
E) Abnormal dilation of the bronchi 
A) The passage of fluid and solid particles into the lung 
B) Inflammatory obstruction of small airways 
C) Excessive amount of connective tissue in the lung 
D) Alveolar collapse 
E) Abnormal dilation of the bronchi

Question 12

MATCHING
Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms.
-Atelectasis

Accepted Answer

A) The passage of fluid and solid particles into the lung 
B) Inflammatory obstruction of small airways 
C) Excessive amount of connective tissue in the lung 
D) Alveolar collapse 
E) Abnormal dilation of the bronchi 
A) The passage of fluid and solid particles into the lung 
B) Inflammatory obstruction of small airways 
C) Excessive amount of connective tissue in the lung 
D) Alveolar collapse 
E) Abnormal dilation of the bronchi

Question 13

Which pulmonary disorder causes alveolar dead space?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary edema 
B)  Pulmonary emboli 
C)  Atelectasis 
D)  Pneumonia 
A)  Pulmonary edema 
B)  Pulmonary emboli 
C)  Atelectasis 
D)  Pneumonia

Question 14

In adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),what change causes alveoli and respiratory bronchioles to fill with fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pores of Kohn are compressed preventing collateral ventilation. 
B)  Increased capillary permeability causes alveoli and respiratory bronchioles to fill with fluid. 
C)  Surfactant is inactivated and type II alveolar cells are impaired. 
D)  Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure forces fluid into the alveoli and respiratory bronchioles. 
A)  Pores of Kohn are compressed preventing collateral ventilation. 
B)  Increased capillary permeability causes alveoli and respiratory bronchioles to fill with fluid. 
C)  Surfactant is inactivated and type II alveolar cells are impaired. 
D)  Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure forces fluid into the alveoli and respiratory bronchioles.

Question 15

Which description applies to squamous cell carcinoma of the lung?

Accepted Answer

A)  Very rapid growing tumor that causes airway obstruction and ectopic hormone production 
B)  Slow-growing tumor that produces a productive cough and airway obstruction in addition to pneumonia and atelectasis 
C)  Slow-growing tumor that causes pleural effusion and shortness of breath 
D)  Rapid growing tumor that produces chest wall pain,pleural effusion,productive cough,and hemoptysis 
A)  Very rapid growing tumor that causes airway obstruction and ectopic hormone production 
B)  Slow-growing tumor that produces a productive cough and airway obstruction in addition to pneumonia and atelectasis 
C)  Slow-growing tumor that causes pleural effusion and shortness of breath 
D)  Rapid growing tumor that produces chest wall pain,pleural effusion,productive cough,and hemoptysis

Question 16

Persons with an I-antiprotease deficiency are predisposed to asthma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

High altitudes may produce hypoxemia through:

Accepted Answer

A)  shunting. 
B)  hypoventilation. 
C)  decreased inspired oxygen. 
D)  diffusion abnormalities. 
A)  shunting. 
B)  hypoventilation. 
C)  decreased inspired oxygen. 
D)  diffusion abnormalities.

Question 18

Tuberculosis is transmitted from person to person through airborne droplets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A pulmonary artery pressure of 23 mm Hg is normal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Clinical manifestations of a thin patient who complains of dyspnea on exertion and who uses accessory muscles and has tachypnea and prolonged expiration are indicative of which pulmonary disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chronic bronchitis 
B)  Emphysema 
C)  Pneumonia 
D)  Asthma 
A)  Chronic bronchitis 
B)  Emphysema 
C)  Pneumonia 
D)  Asthma

Exam 32: Alterations of Pulmonary Function

MATCHING Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms. -Aspiration

_____ is generally relieved by sitting up in a forward leaning position.

By what mechanism do pulmonary edema and pulmonary fibrosis cause hypoxemia?

How does smoking contribute to emphysema?

Which cause of dyspnea is false?

Hypoxemia is reduced oxygenation of cells in tissues,whereas hypoxia is reduced oxygenation of arterial blood.

Pulmonary hypertension results from which alteration?

In _____ pulmonary disease either more force is required to expire a given volume of air,or emptying of the lungs is slowed,or both.

Pneumoconiosis is a pneumonia caused by pneumococci.

What causes respirations that are characterized by alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing?

MATCHING Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms. -Bronchiectasis

MATCHING Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms. -Atelectasis

Which pulmonary disorder causes alveolar dead space?

In adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),what change causes alveoli and respiratory bronchioles to fill with fluid?

Which description applies to squamous cell carcinoma of the lung?

Persons with an I-antiprotease deficiency are predisposed to asthma.

High altitudes may produce hypoxemia through:

Tuberculosis is transmitted from person to person through airborne droplets.

A pulmonary artery pressure of 23 mm Hg is normal.

Clinical manifestations of a thin patient who complains of dyspnea on exertion and who uses accessory muscles and has tachypnea and prolonged expiration are indicative of which pulmonary disease?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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