Question 1

Which chemical mediators induce pain during an inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prostaglandins and bradykinin 
B)  Leukotrienes and serotonin 
C)  Tryptase and histamine 
D)  Phospholipase and prostacyclin 
A)  Prostaglandins and bradykinin 
B)  Leukotrienes and serotonin 
C)  Tryptase and histamine 
D)  Phospholipase and prostacyclin

Question 2

What is an outcome of the complement cascade?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activates the clotting cascade 
B)  Prevents the spread of infection to adjacent tissues 
C)  Inactivates chemical mediators such as histamine 
D)  Attacks bacterial cell membranes 
A)  Activates the clotting cascade 
B)  Prevents the spread of infection to adjacent tissues 
C)  Inactivates chemical mediators such as histamine 
D)  Attacks bacterial cell membranes

Question 3

Match the biochemical barriers with its function.(Terms can be used more than once. )
-Perspiration

Accepted Answer

A) Secrete antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids and lactic acid 
B) Attack cell walls of gram positive bacteria 
A) Secrete antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids and lactic acid 
B) Attack cell walls of gram positive bacteria

Question 4

What is a role of natural killer cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  To initiate the complement cascade 
B)  To eliminate malignant cells 
C)  To bind tightly to antigens 
D)  To proliferate after immunization with antigen 
A)  To initiate the complement cascade 
B)  To eliminate malignant cells 
C)  To bind tightly to antigens 
D)  To proliferate after immunization with antigen

Question 5

Which secretion provides antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids and lactic acid to provide a first line of defense?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tears 
B)  Saliva 
C)  Perspiration 
D)  Sebaceous glands 
A)  Tears 
B)  Saliva 
C)  Perspiration 
D)  Sebaceous glands

Question 6

Many of the normal bacterial flora in the intestines produce vitamin K and assist with the absorption of calcium,iron and magnesium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The _____ system is a plasma protein system that forms a fibrinous network at an inflamed site to prevent spread of infection to adjacent tissues and keep microorganisms and foreign bodies at the site of greatest inflammatory activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  complement 
B)  coagulation 
C)  kinin 
D)  fibrinolysis 
A)  complement 
B)  coagulation 
C)  kinin 
D)  fibrinolysis

Question 8

Opsonization is a process that renders bacteria more susceptible to phagocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

MATCHING
Match each step of phagocytosis with its function.
-Microorganisms are ingested

Accepted Answer

A) Opsonization 
B) Engulfment 
C) Phagosome 
D) Fusion 
E) Destruction 
A) Opsonization 
B) Engulfment 
C) Phagosome 
D) Fusion 
E) Destruction

Question 10

The main function of natural killers cells is recognition and elimination of bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which antimicrobial peptide is activated by tumor necrosis factor alpha and is found in alveolar macrophages and T-lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  a-Defensins 
B)  b-Defensins 
C)  Cathelicidin 
D)  Interleukin 1b 
A)  a-Defensins 
B)  b-Defensins 
C)  Cathelicidin 
D)  Interleukin 1b

Question 12

Why do many older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because their circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues. 
B)  Because they are deficient in complement and chemotaxis. 
C)  Because they have underlying chronic illnesses. 
D)  Because they have an insufficient number of mast cells. 
A)  Because their circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues. 
B)  Because they are deficient in complement and chemotaxis. 
C)  Because they have underlying chronic illnesses. 
D)  Because they have an insufficient number of mast cells.

Question 13

What is the role of fibroblasts during the reconstructive phase of wound healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  To generate new capillaries from vascular endothelial cells around the wound 
B)  To establish connections between neighboring cells and contract their fibers 
C)  To synthesize and secrete collagen and the connective tissue proteins 
D)  To provide enzymes that debride the wound bed of dead cells 
A)  To generate new capillaries from vascular endothelial cells around the wound 
B)  To establish connections between neighboring cells and contract their fibers 
C)  To synthesize and secrete collagen and the connective tissue proteins 
D)  To provide enzymes that debride the wound bed of dead cells

Question 14

Which manifestation of inflammation is systemic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Formation of exudates 
B)  Fever and leukocytosis 
C)  Redness and heat 
D)  Pain and edema 
A)  Formation of exudates 
B)  Fever and leukocytosis 
C)  Redness and heat 
D)  Pain and edema

Question 15

Resolution is best defined as the restoration of original structure and physiologic function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Several bacteria,such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis,are resistant to killing by granulocytes and can survive inside macrophages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

_____ may activate the complement system.

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses 
B)  Antigen-antibody complexes 
C)  Mast cells 
D)  Macrophages 
A)  Viruses 
B)  Antigen-antibody complexes 
C)  Mast cells 
D)  Macrophages

Question 18

Activated T and B lymphocytes provide innate immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

When histamine binds the histamine 2 (H2)receptor,inflammation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibited. 
B)  activated. 
C)  accelerated. 
D)  not changed. 
A)  inhibited. 
B)  activated. 
C)  accelerated. 
D)  not changed.

Question 20

Which component of the plasma protein system tags pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and macrophages?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complement cascade 
B)  Clotting system 
C)  Kinin system 
D)  Immune system 
A)  Complement cascade 
B)  Clotting system 
C)  Kinin system 
D)  Immune system

Exam 6: Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Which chemical mediators induce pain during an inflammatory response?

What is an outcome of the complement cascade?

Match the biochemical barriers with its function.(Terms can be used more than once. ) -Perspiration

What is a role of natural killer cells?

Which secretion provides antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids and lactic acid to provide a first line of defense?

Many of the normal bacterial flora in the intestines produce vitamin K and assist with the absorption of calcium,iron and magnesium.

The _____ system is a plasma protein system that forms a fibrinous network at an inflamed site to prevent spread of infection to adjacent tissues and keep microorganisms and foreign bodies at the site of greatest inflammatory activity.

Opsonization is a process that renders bacteria more susceptible to phagocytosis.

MATCHING Match each step of phagocytosis with its function. -Microorganisms are ingested

The main function of natural killers cells is recognition and elimination of bacteria.

Which antimicrobial peptide is activated by tumor necrosis factor alpha and is found in alveolar macrophages and T-lymphocytes?

Why do many older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing?

What is the role of fibroblasts during the reconstructive phase of wound healing?

Which manifestation of inflammation is systemic?

Resolution is best defined as the restoration of original structure and physiologic function.

Several bacteria,such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis,are resistant to killing by granulocytes and can survive inside macrophages.

_____ may activate the complement system.

Activated T and B lymphocytes provide innate immunity.

When histamine binds the histamine 2 (H2)receptor,inflammation is:

Which component of the plasma protein system tags pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and macrophages?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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