Exam 9: Drug Abuse and Addiction

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The increase in threshold for electrical self-stimulation of the brain produced by withdrawal from chronic treatment with drugs of abuse is generally interpreted to indicate a(n)

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The gateway theory of drug progression proposes that

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What are neuroadaptations? Describe the two neuroadaptations involved in the progression to addiction as proposed by Koob and Le Moal.

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Which of the following is the most efficient route of drug administration, producing the greatest effect for a given dose and reaching the brain most rapidly (quick-acting)?

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According to the DSM-5, which of the following falls into the category of substance-related and addictive disorders due to the similarity in symptoms to substance use disorders?

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What is meant by the medicalization of drug addiction?

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The extended amygdala system involved in the drug reward includes all of the following except for the

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In general, the _______ is positively correlated with its _______.

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The Controlled Substances Act created _______ and established _______ of controlled substances. One highly addictive substance not covered by this legislation is _______.

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According to the Schedule of Controlled Substances, substances considered Schedule II

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Which statement about addiction and genetics is true?

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Robert is trying to stop drinking alcohol, but his anxiety levels increase dramatically when he stops. If he increases his alcohol consumption to cope with this anxiety, his behavior could most readily be explained by the

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Through classical conditioning, environmental stimuli associated with _______ can cause relapse via _______.

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In addition to important changes in the dopamine system, _______ from the _______ appears to be involved in the transition to habitual, compulsive drug-seeking in animal models.

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The proposed circuit involved in the rewarding and reinforcing effects of abused drugs incorporates many neuroanatomical structures, but does not include the

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Describe three procedures researchers can use to measure whether drugs have rewarding effects in animal models.

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Most illicit drug users are in the _______-year-old age range.

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List the three-stages in the proposed cycle of addiction.

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Dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway is essential for drug reward in the case of _______ but not in the case of _______.

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In general, drugs of abuse _______ the threshold for rewarding brain stimulation.

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