Question 1

When two solutions exchange water by osmosis, water always moves

Accepted Answer

A)  from the solution with the lower osmotic pressure to the one with the higher osmotic pressure. 
B)  from the solution with the higher osmotic pressure to the one with the lower osmotic pressure. 
C)  via facilitated diffusion. 
D)  from the lowest water concentration to the highest water concentration. 
A)  from the solution with the lower osmotic pressure to the one with the higher osmotic pressure. 
B)  from the solution with the higher osmotic pressure to the one with the lower osmotic pressure. 
C)  via facilitated diffusion. 
D)  from the lowest water concentration to the highest water concentration.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about ion transport in the typical freshwater fish gill is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ and HCO3‒ are transported into the blood plasma. 
B)  Na+ and Cl‒ are transported into the water. 
C)  H+ and K+ are transported into the water. 
D)  Na+ and Cl‒ are transported into the blood plasma 
A)  Na+ and HCO3‒ are transported into the blood plasma. 
B)  Na+ and Cl‒ are transported into the water. 
C)  H+ and K+ are transported into the water. 
D)  Na+ and Cl‒ are transported into the blood plasma

Question 3

Refer to the figure shown.
  What type of process is shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Simple diffusion 
B)  Facilitated diffusion 
C)  Active transport 
D)  Osmosis 
A)  Simple diffusion 
B)  Facilitated diffusion 
C)  Active transport 
D)  Osmosis

Question 4

The gills of freshwater fish present what challenges?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gills of freshwater fish present no challenges. 
B)  The permeability of the gill tissue to water causes the fish to lose water. 
C)  The permeability of the gill tissue to ions causes the fish to gain ions from the water. 
D)  The permeability of the gill tissue to ions causes the fish to lose ions to the water. 
A)  The gills of freshwater fish present no challenges. 
B)  The permeability of the gill tissue to water causes the fish to lose water. 
C)  The permeability of the gill tissue to ions causes the fish to gain ions from the water. 
D)  The permeability of the gill tissue to ions causes the fish to lose ions to the water.

Question 5

The number of dissolved entities per unit of volume defines

Accepted Answer

A)  colligative properties. 
B)  osmotic pressure. 
C)  osmolarity. 
D)  ultrafiltration. 
A)  colligative properties. 
B)  osmotic pressure. 
C)  osmolarity. 
D)  ultrafiltration.

Question 6

A solution that has a concentration effect on diffusion that is equal but opposite to the electrical effect is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  in a steady state. 
B)  part of the Nernst equation. 
C)  in isoelectric balance. 
D)  in electrochemical equilibrium. 
A)  in a steady state. 
B)  part of the Nernst equation. 
C)  in isoelectric balance. 
D)  in electrochemical equilibrium.

Question 7

A 1-M solution of serum albumin (66,000 daltons) has _______ a 1-M solution of urea (66 daltons).

Accepted Answer

A)  one-thousandth the osmolarity of 
B)  twice the osmolarity of 
C)  one thousand times the osmolarity of 
D)  the same osmolarity as 
A)  one-thousandth the osmolarity of 
B)  twice the osmolarity of 
C)  one thousand times the osmolarity of 
D)  the same osmolarity as

Question 8

Which process is electrogenic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose transport into the small intestine epithelium 
B)  Acid production in the stomach 
C)  The sodium‒potassium pump on a typical cell membrane 
D)  Sodium uptake in the freshwater fish gill 
A)  Glucose transport into the small intestine epithelium 
B)  Acid production in the stomach 
C)  The sodium‒potassium pump on a typical cell membrane 
D)  Sodium uptake in the freshwater fish gill

Question 9

If you were to drop a mammalian red blood cell into a 10 mOsm solution, the red cell would _______ in this _______ solution.

Accepted Answer

A)  shrivel; hyposmotic 
B)  swell and burst; hyposmotic 
C)  swell and burst; hyperosmotic 
D)  shrivel; hyperosmotic 
A)  shrivel; hyposmotic 
B)  swell and burst; hyposmotic 
C)  swell and burst; hyperosmotic 
D)  shrivel; hyperosmotic

Question 10

Which statement regarding facilitated diffusion is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diffusion occurs in the direction of electrochemical equilibrium. 
B)  Solutes move faster with the protein facilitators than they would without them. 
C)  Protein facilitators change conformation with the help of ATP. 
D)  Solutes bind reversibly to the protein facilitators. 
A)  Diffusion occurs in the direction of electrochemical equilibrium. 
B)  Solutes move faster with the protein facilitators than they would without them. 
C)  Protein facilitators change conformation with the help of ATP. 
D)  Solutes bind reversibly to the protein facilitators.

Question 11

Refer to the figure shown.
  At which location(s) in the figure is K+ moving into or out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  Both I and V 
D)  Both II and V 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  Both I and V 
D)  Both II and V

Question 12

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which letter in the figure represents glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 13

How can hydrostatic pressure develop from osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

An isolated solution does not exert hydr

Question 14

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which of the panels most accurately represents the mechanism for glucose transport at the epithelium?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 15

Refer to the figure shown.
  In the study of glucose transport, which pair of numerals in the figure represents the same ion?

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II 
B)  II and III 
C)  III and I 
D)  IV and II 
A)  I and II 
B)  II and III 
C)  III and I 
D)  IV and II

Question 16

Refer to the figure shown.
  How does glucose cross the basolateral membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Via cotransport with Na+ at A 
B)  Via facilitated diffusion 
C)  Via active transport at C 
D)  Via simple diffusion 
A)  Via cotransport with Na+ at A 
B)  Via facilitated diffusion 
C)  Via active transport at C 
D)  Via simple diffusion

Question 17

Support or refute the following statement and provide evidence for your

Accepted Answer

"All 1-M solutions h

Question 18

Refer to the figure shown.
  At what point in the figure is energy being used?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 19

On the cell membrane, the Na+‒ K+ pump transports _______ in for every _______ that it transports out.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 Na+; 2 K+ 
B)  2 Na+; 3 K+ 
C)  3 K+; 2 Na+ 
D)  2 K+; 3 Na+ 
A)  3 Na+; 2 K+ 
B)  2 Na+; 3 K+ 
C)  3 K+; 2 Na+ 
D)  2 K+; 3 Na+

Question 20

The inside of a typical animal cell is negatively charged. Therefore, it makes sense that Na+ diffuses into the cell if there are channels that allow it to do so. Considering K+ has the same charge as Na+, why will it diffuse out of the cell if there are channels that allow it to do so?

Accepted Answer

K⁺ would tend to diffuse inward if the mo

Exam 5: Transport of Solutes and Water

When two solutions exchange water by osmosis, water always moves

Which of the following statements about ion transport in the typical freshwater fish gill is true?

Refer to the figure shown. What type of process is shown in the figure?

The gills of freshwater fish present what challenges?

The number of dissolved entities per unit of volume defines

A solution that has a concentration effect on diffusion that is equal but opposite to the electrical effect is said to be

A 1-M solution of serum albumin (66,000 daltons) has _______ a 1-M solution of urea (66 daltons).

Which process is electrogenic?

If you were to drop a mammalian red blood cell into a 10 mOsm solution, the red cell would _______ in this _______ solution.

Which statement regarding facilitated diffusion is false?

Refer to the figure shown. At which location(s) in the figure is K+ moving into or out of the cell?

Refer to the figure shown. Which letter in the figure represents glucose?

How can hydrostatic pressure develop from osmotic pressure?

Refer to the figure shown. Which of the panels most accurately represents the mechanism for glucose transport at the epithelium?

Refer to the figure shown. In the study of glucose transport, which pair of numerals in the figure represents the same ion?

Refer to the figure shown. How does glucose cross the basolateral membrane?

Support or refute the following statement and provide evidence for your

Refer to the figure shown. At what point in the figure is energy being used?

On the cell membrane, the Na+‒ K+ pump transports _______ in for every _______ that it transports out.

The inside of a typical animal cell is negatively charged. Therefore, it makes sense that Na+ diffuses into the cell if there are channels that allow it to do so. Considering K+ has the same charge as Na+, why will it diffuse out of the cell if there are channels that allow it to do so?

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Circulation

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

Filters

If you were to drop a mammalian red blood cell into a 10 mOsm solution, the red cell would _ in this _ solution.

Refer to the figure shown. At which location(s) in the figure is K⁺ moving into or out of the cell?

On the cell membrane, the Na⁺‒ K⁺ pump transports _ in for every _ that it transports out.

The inside of a typical animal cell is negatively charged. Therefore, it makes sense that Na⁺ diffuses into the cell if there are channels that allow it to do so. Considering K⁺ has the same charge as Na⁺, why will it diffuse out of the cell if there are channels that allow it to do so?