Question 1

Refer to the figure shown.
  The most accurate description of the results in the figures is

Accepted Answer

A)  gazelles cycle their metabolic rate more in summer than in winter. 
B)  oryxes have less consistent body water content in winter than in summer. 
C)  gazelles have more variable urine concentrations in winter than in summer. 
D)  oryxes have more variable body temperatures in summer than in winter. 
A)  gazelles cycle their metabolic rate more in summer than in winter. 
B)  oryxes have less consistent body water content in winter than in summer. 
C)  gazelles have more variable urine concentrations in winter than in summer. 
D)  oryxes have more variable body temperatures in summer than in winter. D

Question 2

Which animal has the most body-surface area per unit of weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  Squirrel 
B)  Mouse 
C)  Dog 
D)  Horse 
A)  Squirrel 
B)  Mouse 
C)  Dog 
D)  Horse B

Question 3

The strategy that conserves the most water in large herbivores is

Accepted Answer

A)  cessation of urination. 
B)  cycling body core temperature. 
C)  shedding fur. 
D)  lowering brain energy consumption. 
A)  cessation of urination. 
B)  cycling body core temperature. 
C)  shedding fur. 
D)  lowering brain energy consumption. B

Question 4

The ambient humidity in deserts is highest

Accepted Answer

A)  at pre-dawn. 
B)  in the morning. 
C)  in the afternoon. 
D)  at night. 
A)  at pre-dawn. 
B)  in the morning. 
C)  in the afternoon. 
D)  at night.

Question 5

Chapter 30 focuses on _______ and how they are able to live in such hot and dry environments.

Accepted Answer

A)  mammals 
B)  small mammals 
C)  large mammals 
D)  large animals 
A)  mammals 
B)  small mammals 
C)  large mammals 
D)  large animals

Question 6

Based on studies of recently dead animals, oryxes exposed to severe drought in their natural habitat seem to die mostly of

Accepted Answer

A)  predation. 
B)  dehydration. 
C)  hyponatremia. 
D)  severe nutritional deficiency. 
A)  predation. 
B)  dehydration. 
C)  hyponatremia. 
D)  severe nutritional deficiency.

Question 7

If a dog, a human, a kangaroo rat, and a horse set out walking in a hot desert during the hottest part of the day, which animal would die first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dog 
B)  Human 
C)  Kangaroo rat 
D)  Horse 
A)  Dog 
B)  Human 
C)  Kangaroo rat 
D)  Horse

Question 8

Refer to the figure shown.
  In which panel does the wildebeest appear to be most dependent on preformed water?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 9

In dry savannas and deserts, animals that weigh _______ have the fewest behavioral advantages.

Accepted Answer

A)  200 g 
B)  400 g 
C)  500 g 
D)  2 kg 
A)  200 g 
B)  400 g 
C)  500 g 
D)  2 kg

Question 10

Which species is not drinking-water-independent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oryx 
B)  Eland 
C)  Wildebeest 
D)  Grant's gazelle 
A)  Oryx 
B)  Eland 
C)  Wildebeest 
D)  Grant's gazelle

Question 11

Why does water in deserts and dry savannas often become salty?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salt dissolves from the soil. 
B)  The rain carries a trace of salt. 
C)  Salt collects from dead organisms. 
D)  Salt dissolves from the soil and is collect from rain. 
A)  Salt dissolves from the soil. 
B)  The rain carries a trace of salt. 
C)  Salt collects from dead organisms. 
D)  Salt dissolves from the soil and is collect from rain.

Question 12

Among the animals listed, the species with the lowest peak urine osmotic pressure is the

Accepted Answer

A)  African buffalo. 
B)  Somali donkey. 
C)  Arabian oryx. 
D)  dromedary camel. 
A)  African buffalo. 
B)  Somali donkey. 
C)  Arabian oryx. 
D)  dromedary camel.

Question 13

Which animal's core temperature will be affected most by an exogenous heat load?

Accepted Answer

A)  Small, with relatively high surface area for their size 
B)  Small, with relatively low surface area for their size 
C)  Large, with relatively high surface area for their size 
D)  Large, with relatively low surface area for their size 
A)  Small, with relatively high surface area for their size 
B)  Small, with relatively low surface area for their size 
C)  Large, with relatively high surface area for their size 
D)  Large, with relatively low surface area for their size

Question 14

Environmental heat enters an animal's body when

Accepted Answer

A)  the air temperature is lower than the body temperature. 
B)  the air temperature is higher than the body temperature. 
C)  the air temperature is equal to the body temperature. 
D)  there is enough water available in the environment. 
A)  the air temperature is lower than the body temperature. 
B)  the air temperature is higher than the body temperature. 
C)  the air temperature is equal to the body temperature. 
D)  there is enough water available in the environment.

Question 15

Which animal has the highest mass-specific evaporative water loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monkey 
B)  Squirrel 
C)  Lion 
D)  Elephant 
A)  Monkey 
B)  Squirrel 
C)  Lion 
D)  Elephant

Question 16

For most animals, dehydration becomes lethal under hot conditions when _______ or more of total body weight has been lost.

Accepted Answer

A)  5% 
B)  7% 
C)  8% 
D)  12% 
A)  5% 
B)  7% 
C)  8% 
D)  12%

Question 17

Why do wildebeests migrate from the northwest to the southeast during the beginning of the rainy season?

Accepted Answer

A)  The immediate lack of freshwater 
B)  Lack of food 
C)  The increase of predators 
D)  It is still unknown at this time 
A)  The immediate lack of freshwater 
B)  Lack of food 
C)  The increase of predators 
D)  It is still unknown at this time

Question 18

If an Arabian oryx's plasma osmolarity is 200 mOsm, its maximum urine osmolarity would be _______ mOsm.

Accepted Answer

A)  200 
B)  800 
C)  1600 
D)  3200 
A)  200 
B)  800 
C)  1600 
D)  3200

Question 19

Deserts receive less than _______ cm of precipitation per year.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 
B)  20 
C)  25 
D)  30 
A)  15 
B)  20 
C)  25 
D)  30

Question 20

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which would be the most accurate y axis label for both figures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water loss (L/kg·day) 
B)  Water gain (L/kg·day) 
C)  Water flux (L/kg·day) 
D)  Metabolic water (L/kg·day) 
A)  Water loss (L/kg·day) 
B)  Water gain (L/kg·day) 
C)  Water flux (L/kg·day) 
D)  Metabolic water (L/kg·day)

Exam 30: Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Refer to the figure shown. The most accurate description of the results in the figures is

Which animal has the most body-surface area per unit of weight?

The strategy that conserves the most water in large herbivores is

The ambient humidity in deserts is highest

Chapter 30 focuses on _______ and how they are able to live in such hot and dry environments.

Based on studies of recently dead animals, oryxes exposed to severe drought in their natural habitat seem to die mostly of

If a dog, a human, a kangaroo rat, and a horse set out walking in a hot desert during the hottest part of the day, which animal would die first?

Refer to the figure shown. In which panel does the wildebeest appear to be most dependent on preformed water?

In dry savannas and deserts, animals that weigh _______ have the fewest behavioral advantages.

Which species is not drinking-water-independent?

Why does water in deserts and dry savannas often become salty?

Among the animals listed, the species with the lowest peak urine osmotic pressure is the

Which animal's core temperature will be affected most by an exogenous heat load?

Environmental heat enters an animal's body when

Which animal has the highest mass-specific evaporative water loss?

For most animals, dehydration becomes lethal under hot conditions when _______ or more of total body weight has been lost.

Why do wildebeests migrate from the northwest to the southeast during the beginning of the rainy season?

If an Arabian oryx's plasma osmolarity is 200 mOsm, its maximum urine osmolarity would be _______ mOsm.

Deserts receive less than _______ cm of precipitation per year.

Refer to the figure shown. Which would be the most accurate y axis label for both figures?

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Circulation

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

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