Question 1

Which species is/are considered drinking-water-dependent herbivore(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wildebeest 
B)  Eland 
C)  Zebra 
D)  Wildebeest and zebra 
A)  Wildebeest 
B)  Eland 
C)  Zebra 
D)  Wildebeest and zebra

Question 2

Describe the advantages and disadvantages that small mammals living in hot deserts and dry savannas have over large mammals in the same environment.

Accepted Answer

Many of the most apparent advantages of

Question 3

In small desert mammals, the water cost of being active in the daytime soars due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the fact that they often hide in burrows to escape the heat rather than seek water. 
B)  the percentage of body weight lost per hour via evaporative thermoregulation. 
C)  their relatively small body-surface area per unit of weight. 
D)  their low metabolic rate. 
A)  the fact that they often hide in burrows to escape the heat rather than seek water. 
B)  the percentage of body weight lost per hour via evaporative thermoregulation. 
C)  their relatively small body-surface area per unit of weight. 
D)  their low metabolic rate.

Question 4

A large desert mammal regulates its temperature to maintain a constant body temperature. When the air temperature is higher than the body temperature, the animal's evaporation rate will

Accepted Answer

A)  create an unfavorable physiological condition. 
B)  be lower per unit of weight than for a smaller mammal. 
C)  decrease. 
D)  decrease first and then remain constant. 
A)  create an unfavorable physiological condition. 
B)  be lower per unit of weight than for a smaller mammal. 
C)  decrease. 
D)  decrease first and then remain constant.

Question 5

Scientists predict that the southern regions of Europe are likely to become _______ in the future.

Accepted Answer

A)  less dry 
B)  drier 
C)  colder 
D)  more temperate 
A)  less dry 
B)  drier 
C)  colder 
D)  more temperate

Question 6

Oryxes living in deserts or savannas raise their body temperature to

Accepted Answer

A)  release heat. 
B)  absorb heat. 
C)  store heat. 
D)  evaporate excess heat. 
A)  release heat. 
B)  absorb heat. 
C)  store heat. 
D)  evaporate excess heat.

Question 7

Refer to the figure shown.
  The y axis is most likely measuring

Accepted Answer

A)  urine concentration. 
B)  body temperature. 
C)  insulation thickness. 
D)  metabolic rate. 
A)  urine concentration. 
B)  body temperature. 
C)  insulation thickness. 
D)  metabolic rate.

Question 8

To maximize water intake, an animal living in dry savannas should eat leaves

Accepted Answer

A)  just before dawn. 
B)  at noon. 
C)  in the afternoon. 
D)  in the evening. 
A)  just before dawn. 
B)  at noon. 
C)  in the afternoon. 
D)  in the evening.

Question 9

Which animal has the greatest capacity to void both exogenous and endogenous heat from its body through evaporation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mouse 
B)  Rat 
C)  Horse 
D)  Dog 
A)  Mouse 
B)  Rat 
C)  Horse 
D)  Dog

Question 10

The principal reason deserts and savannas exist is

Accepted Answer

A)  to balance out wetter areas of Earth. 
B)  because of the global pattern of air movements. 
C)  because of evaporation of water, which forms rain. 
D)  because of rain-shadowing caused by rivers. 
A)  to balance out wetter areas of Earth. 
B)  because of the global pattern of air movements. 
C)  because of evaporation of water, which forms rain. 
D)  because of rain-shadowing caused by rivers.

Question 11

On a summer day, oryxes exhibit the highest average body temperature at

Accepted Answer

A)  midnight. 
B)  6:00 AM. 
C)  noon. 
D)  6:00 PM. 
A)  midnight. 
B)  6:00 AM. 
C)  noon. 
D)  6:00 PM.

Question 12

In an experiment to study water budgets, the drinking-water-dependent common wildebeest and the drinking-water-independent beisa oryx were studied under two sets of conditions. Explain the results of this experiment.

Accepted Answer

Physiologically, the two species are dra

Question 13

In the desert heat, animals that are _______ with relatively _______ surface area for their size have the best chance at survival (assuming no shelter is available).

Accepted Answer

A)  small; high 
B)  small; low 
C)  large; high 
D)  large; low 
A)  small; high 
B)  small; low 
C)  large; high 
D)  large; low

Question 14

Endothermic animals that live in hot climates regulate their body heat. Where is the heat coming from and how do they regulate it? Does the size of the animal play a role in thermoregulation?

Accepted Answer

Endothermic animals in hot climates use

Question 15

It has been shown that oryxes can survive without drinking water for

Accepted Answer

A)  days. 
B)  weeks. 
C)  months. 
D)  years. 
A)  days. 
B)  weeks. 
C)  months. 
D)  years.

Question 16

The osmotic U/P ratio for a dik-dik is about

Accepted Answer

A)  5. 
B)  8. 
C)  10. 
D)  12. 
A)  5. 
B)  8. 
C)  10. 
D)  12.

Question 17

Which animal has the highest rate of endogenous heat production per unit of body weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  Horse 
B)  Human 
C)  Kangaroo rat 
D)  Dog 
A)  Horse 
B)  Human 
C)  Kangaroo rat 
D)  Dog

Question 18

In dry savannas and deserts, animals that weigh _______ face the heat most directly, thereby generating high heat stress.

Accepted Answer

A)  200 g 
B)  250 g 
C)  300 g 
D)  40 kg 
A)  200 g 
B)  250 g 
C)  300 g 
D)  40 kg

Question 19

According to most biologists, what is the proper definition of a desert?

Accepted Answer

A desert is a place where prec

Question 20

All species of large herbivores obtain a considerable amount of preformed water, but some require more than others. Explain how different groups of these mammals maintain their water budget.

Accepted Answer

Drinking-water-dependent species cannot

Exam 30: Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Which species is/are considered drinking-water-dependent herbivore(s)?

Describe the advantages and disadvantages that small mammals living in hot deserts and dry savannas have over large mammals in the same environment.

In small desert mammals, the water cost of being active in the daytime soars due to

A large desert mammal regulates its temperature to maintain a constant body temperature. When the air temperature is higher than the body temperature, the animal's evaporation rate will

Scientists predict that the southern regions of Europe are likely to become _______ in the future.

Oryxes living in deserts or savannas raise their body temperature to

Refer to the figure shown. The y axis is most likely measuring

To maximize water intake, an animal living in dry savannas should eat leaves

Which animal has the greatest capacity to void both exogenous and endogenous heat from its body through evaporation?

The principal reason deserts and savannas exist is

On a summer day, oryxes exhibit the highest average body temperature at

In an experiment to study water budgets, the drinking-water-dependent common wildebeest and the drinking-water-independent beisa oryx were studied under two sets of conditions. Explain the results of this experiment.

In the desert heat, animals that are _______ with relatively _______ surface area for their size have the best chance at survival (assuming no shelter is available).

Endothermic animals that live in hot climates regulate their body heat. Where is the heat coming from and how do they regulate it? Does the size of the animal play a role in thermoregulation?

It has been shown that oryxes can survive without drinking water for

The osmotic U/P ratio for a dik-dik is about

Which animal has the highest rate of endogenous heat production per unit of body weight?

In dry savannas and deserts, animals that weigh _______ face the heat most directly, thereby generating high heat stress.

According to most biologists, what is the proper definition of a desert?

All species of large herbivores obtain a considerable amount of preformed water, but some require more than others. Explain how different groups of these mammals maintain their water budget.

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Circulation

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

Filters

In the desert heat, animals that are _ with relatively _ surface area for their size have the best chance at survival (assuming no shelter is available).