Question 1

Describe the immunocytochemistry assay that was devised to test for brown fat in newborn reindeer.

Accepted Answer

In the lab, experimenters produced antib

Question 2

In ground squirrels, males emerge before females because

Accepted Answer

A)  males have more body mass and therefore can arouse sooner. 
B)  males have less brown fat and therefore cannot hibernate as long as females can. 
C)  the higher testosterone levels in males rouses them. 
D)  the testicles shrink during hibernation, so males emerge first to prepare to be successful mates. 
A)  males have more body mass and therefore can arouse sooner. 
B)  males have less brown fat and therefore cannot hibernate as long as females can. 
C)  the higher testosterone levels in males rouses them. 
D)  the testicles shrink during hibernation, so males emerge first to prepare to be successful mates.

Question 3

Which animal does not hibernate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arctic ground squirrel 
B)  Reindeer 
C)  Alpine marmot 
D)  Hoary bat 
A)  Arctic ground squirrel 
B)  Reindeer 
C)  Alpine marmot 
D)  Hoary bat

Question 4

Refer to the figure shown.
  If animals in both groups of animals were exposed to progressively higher air temperatures than shown, and data collection from the experiment continued, what results would you expect to see?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both metabolic rates would remain flat. 
B)  Both metabolic rates would decrease, however, the summer-acclimatized reindeer would decrease first. 
C)  Both metabolic rates would increase, however, the winter-acclimatized reindeer would increase first. 
D)  Only the summer-acclimatized metabolic rates would decrease. 
A)  Both metabolic rates would remain flat. 
B)  Both metabolic rates would decrease, however, the summer-acclimatized reindeer would decrease first. 
C)  Both metabolic rates would increase, however, the winter-acclimatized reindeer would increase first. 
D)  Only the summer-acclimatized metabolic rates would decrease.

Question 5

Refer to the figure shown.
  What is the most accurate title for this figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Annual cycle of energy use in alpine marmots 
B)  Annual metabolic rate cycling in ground squirrels 
C)  Hibernation frequency in alpine marmots 
D)  Hibernation effects on metabolic rate in ground squirrels 
A)  Annual cycle of energy use in alpine marmots 
B)  Annual metabolic rate cycling in ground squirrels 
C)  Hibernation frequency in alpine marmots 
D)  Hibernation effects on metabolic rate in ground squirrels

Question 6

In newborn humans, brown fat concentration is

Accepted Answer

A)  high and remains high throughout growth. 
B)  low and remains low throughout growth. 
C)  high and declines as growth occurs. 
D)  low and increases as growth occurs. 
A)  high and remains high throughout growth. 
B)  low and remains low throughout growth. 
C)  high and declines as growth occurs. 
D)  low and increases as growth occurs.

Question 7

As the ambient temperature drops below zero, a newborn reindeer's resting metabolic rate

Accepted Answer

A)  increases. 
B)  decreases. 
C)  stays the same. 
D)  decreases first and then levels off. 
A)  increases. 
B)  decreases. 
C)  stays the same. 
D)  decreases first and then levels off.

Question 8

If you were to do an immunocytochemistry experiment on a newborn reindeer, a one-month-old reindeer, and a two-month-old reindeer to test for the presence of brown fat, your results would show a _______ amount of brown fat on the _______ compared to the _______-month old.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher; newborn; one 
B)  lower; newborn; one 
C)  lower; newborn; two 
D)  higher; one-month-old; two 
A)  higher; newborn; one 
B)  lower; newborn; one 
C)  lower; newborn; two 
D)  higher; one-month-old; two

Question 9

Explain how technological advances have helped researchers record data pertaining to hibernation and other physiological mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

Early advances included small radio tran

Question 10

In response to seasonal diets, the microbial community in reindeer will preferentially breakdown _______ in the winter.

Accepted Answer

A)  chitin 
B)  fiber 
C)  protein 
D)  starch 
A)  chitin 
B)  fiber 
C)  protein 
D)  starch

Question 11

Studies on domestic pigs have shown that the UCP1 gene is

Accepted Answer

A)  duplicated. 
B)  mutated during the birthing process. 
C)  mutated by a deletion of 2 exons. 
D)  mutated by a deletion of 2 introns. 
A)  duplicated. 
B)  mutated during the birthing process. 
C)  mutated by a deletion of 2 exons. 
D)  mutated by a deletion of 2 introns.

Question 12

An early hypothesis for arousal during hibernation was that animals

Accepted Answer

A)  must wake up to metabolize glucose in their brains. 
B)  produce nitrogenous wastes and therefore must wake up to void. 
C)  must wake up because they need to move their muscles regularly. 
D)  must wake up and move because they need to circulate their blood. 
A)  must wake up to metabolize glucose in their brains. 
B)  produce nitrogenous wastes and therefore must wake up to void. 
C)  must wake up because they need to move their muscles regularly. 
D)  must wake up and move because they need to circulate their blood.

Question 13

Refer to the figure shown.
  What does the figure show?

Accepted Answer

A)  Changes in fur thickness as a function of temperature in four different species 
B)  Changes in metabolic rate as a function of temperature in different seasons 
C)  Changes in nonshivering thermogenesis as a function of temperature in different aged animals 
D)  Changes in metabolic rate as a function of temperature in different aged animals 
A)  Changes in fur thickness as a function of temperature in four different species 
B)  Changes in metabolic rate as a function of temperature in different seasons 
C)  Changes in nonshivering thermogenesis as a function of temperature in different aged animals 
D)  Changes in metabolic rate as a function of temperature in different aged animals

Question 14

Which animal will have the highest weight-specific metabolic rate during hibernation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mouse 
B)  Marmot 
C)  Bear 
D)  All animals listed will have the same mass-specific metabolic rate during hibernation. 
A)  Mouse 
B)  Marmot 
C)  Bear 
D)  All animals listed will have the same mass-specific metabolic rate during hibernation.

Question 15

Which animal has the highest mass-specific metabolic rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Summer-acclimatized reindeer at 10°C 
B)  Summer-acclimatized reindeer at -30°C 
C)  Winter-acclimatized reindeer at 10°C 
D)  Winter-acclimatized reindeer at -30°C 
A)  Summer-acclimatized reindeer at 10°C 
B)  Summer-acclimatized reindeer at -30°C 
C)  Winter-acclimatized reindeer at 10°C 
D)  Winter-acclimatized reindeer at -30°C

Question 16

Explain how certain animals undergo synchrony in their hibernation.

Accepted Answer

Adults and subadults in a hibernating gr

Exam 11: Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Describe the immunocytochemistry assay that was devised to test for brown fat in newborn reindeer.

In ground squirrels, males emerge before females because

Which animal does not hibernate?

Refer to the figure shown. If animals in both groups of animals were exposed to progressively higher air temperatures than shown, and data collection from the experiment continued, what results would you expect to see?

Refer to the figure shown. What is the most accurate title for this figure?

In newborn humans, brown fat concentration is

As the ambient temperature drops below zero, a newborn reindeer's resting metabolic rate

If you were to do an immunocytochemistry experiment on a newborn reindeer, a one-month-old reindeer, and a two-month-old reindeer to test for the presence of brown fat, your results would show a _______ amount of brown fat on the _______ compared to the _______-month old.

Explain how technological advances have helped researchers record data pertaining to hibernation and other physiological mechanisms.

In response to seasonal diets, the microbial community in reindeer will preferentially breakdown _______ in the winter.

Studies on domestic pigs have shown that the UCP1 gene is

An early hypothesis for arousal during hibernation was that animals

Refer to the figure shown. What does the figure show?

Which animal will have the highest weight-specific metabolic rate during hibernation?

Which animal has the highest mass-specific metabolic rate?

Explain how certain animals undergo synchrony in their hibernation.

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Circulation

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

Filters

If you were to do an immunocytochemistry experiment on a newborn reindeer, a one-month-old reindeer, and a two-month-old reindeer to test for the presence of brown fat, your results would show a ___ amount of brown fat on the _ compared to the _____-month old.