Question 1

What is the functional significance of induced ovulation? Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

Induced ovulators are classified as thos

Question 2

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which letter in the figure corresponds to the precursor tissue to the shaft of the penis?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 3

A protandrous animal is

Accepted Answer

A)  an animal that can produce viable offspring without sperm. 
B)  a sex-changing species that begins as a male. 
C)  a sex-changing species that begins as a female. 
D)  a species that has both eggs and sperm simultaneously. 
A)  an animal that can produce viable offspring without sperm. 
B)  a sex-changing species that begins as a male. 
C)  a sex-changing species that begins as a female. 
D)  a species that has both eggs and sperm simultaneously.

Question 4

Which statement about the mature (or Graafian) follicle is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is an expanded, fluid-filled antrum. 
B)  It consists of many granulosa cells. 
C)  A layer of theca cells differentiates. 
D)  It contains the secondary oocyte. 
A)  There is an expanded, fluid-filled antrum. 
B)  It consists of many granulosa cells. 
C)  A layer of theca cells differentiates. 
D)  It contains the secondary oocyte.

Question 5

Which statement regarding human female gametes is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  All primary oocytes are formed during fetal life. 
B)  Primary oocytes are produced in the ovary as they are needed. 
C)  During ovulation, as many as four primary oocytes are released from the ovaries. 
D)  Oocytes complete meiosis and form secondary oocytes just prior to ovulation. 
A)  All primary oocytes are formed during fetal life. 
B)  Primary oocytes are produced in the ovary as they are needed. 
C)  During ovulation, as many as four primary oocytes are released from the ovaries. 
D)  Oocytes complete meiosis and form secondary oocytes just prior to ovulation.

Question 6

Refer to the figure shown.
  The hormones produced at location II in the figure are stimulating the _______ to produce _______ at location III.

Accepted Answer

A)  theca cells; androgens 
B)  theca cells; estrogen 
C)  granulosa cells; androgens 
D)  granulosa cells; estrogen 
A)  theca cells; androgens 
B)  theca cells; estrogen 
C)  granulosa cells; androgens 
D)  granulosa cells; estrogen

Question 7

Which statement regarding estrogen during the follicular phase is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  At high concentrations, estrogen has a negative feedback effect on the hypothalamus, suppressing luteinizing hormone. 
B)  At low concentrations, estrogen has a positive feedback effect on the anterior pituitary, increasing FSH and LH secretions. 
C)  Along with follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen stimulates the proliferation of granulosa cells. 
D)  Estrogen initiates the sloughing off of the endometrium. 
A)  At high concentrations, estrogen has a negative feedback effect on the hypothalamus, suppressing luteinizing hormone. 
B)  At low concentrations, estrogen has a positive feedback effect on the anterior pituitary, increasing FSH and LH secretions. 
C)  Along with follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen stimulates the proliferation of granulosa cells. 
D)  Estrogen initiates the sloughing off of the endometrium.

Question 8

Which is the best example of postnatal provisioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lactation 
B)  Yolk deposition 
C)  Nutrient transfer via the placenta 
D)  Producing eggs that serve as food for young 
A)  Lactation 
B)  Yolk deposition 
C)  Nutrient transfer via the placenta 
D)  Producing eggs that serve as food for young

Question 9

The physiological trigger for the onset of menstruation in humans is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  ovulation. 
B)  an increase in estrogen. 
C)  the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum. 
D)  degeneration of the corpus luteum, resulting in a lack of progesterone for the support of the endometrium. 
A)  ovulation. 
B)  an increase in estrogen. 
C)  the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum. 
D)  degeneration of the corpus luteum, resulting in a lack of progesterone for the support of the endometrium.

Question 10

Refer to the figure shown.
  The release of LH and FSH is occurring at what letter in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 11

What is the functional significance of sequential hermaphroditism? Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

Sequential hermaphroditism is the abilit

Question 12

Which animal(s) menstruate(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans only 
B)  Humans and horses 
C)  Humans and gorillas 
D)  Humans, horses, and gorillas 
A)  Humans only 
B)  Humans and horses 
C)  Humans and gorillas 
D)  Humans, horses, and gorillas

Question 13

Most mammals are

Accepted Answer

A)  protandrous. 
B)  semelparous. 
C)  parthenogenetic. 
D)  iteroparous. 
A)  protandrous. 
B)  semelparous. 
C)  parthenogenetic. 
D)  iteroparous.

Question 14

Refer to the figure shown.
  The graph shows _______ during the life span of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  follicle stimulating hormone secretion and gamete production; humans 
B)  egg production; human females 
C)  testosterone secretion and sperm production; human males 
D)  reproductive capability; human females 
A)  follicle stimulating hormone secretion and gamete production; humans 
B)  egg production; human females 
C)  testosterone secretion and sperm production; human males 
D)  reproductive capability; human females

Question 15

Oxytocin, which initiates the birthing process, is produced by the

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus. 
B)  posterior pituitary. 
C)  myometrium. 
D)  fetus. 
A)  hypothalamus. 
B)  posterior pituitary. 
C)  myometrium. 
D)  fetus.

Question 16

Since the mammalian embryo is in an "undifferentiated state" at 4 weeks of development, how is sex determined?

Accepted Answer

At 4 weeks of development, the human is

Question 17

Which species is semelparous?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human 
B)  Dogfish shark 
C)  Octopus 
D)  Dog 
A)  Human 
B)  Dogfish shark 
C)  Octopus 
D)  Dog

Question 18

In placental mammals, delayed implantation usually occurs when the

Accepted Answer

A)  embryo is at the blastocyst stage. 
B)  fertilized egg is at the 4-cell stage. 
C)  embryo is at the trophoblast stage. 
D)  embryo is in the middle of the placental stage. 
A)  embryo is at the blastocyst stage. 
B)  fertilized egg is at the 4-cell stage. 
C)  embryo is at the trophoblast stage. 
D)  embryo is in the middle of the placental stage.

Question 19

Which is the correct order of events leading to the luteinizing hormone surge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Copulation stimulates sensory neurons in the cervix → a surge of LH stimulates ovulation in the ovaries → GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete LH → neuronal impulses release norepinephrine 
B)  Copulation stimulates sensory neurons in the cervix → a surge of LH stimulates ovulation in the ovaries → neuronal impulses release norepinephrine → GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete LH 
C)  Copulation stimulates sensory neurons in the cervix → neuronal impulses release norepinephrine → GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete LH → a surge of LH stimulates ovulation in the ovaries 
D)  GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete LH → copulation stimulates sensory neurons in the cervix → a surge of LH stimulates ovulation in the ovaries → neuronal impulses release norepinephrine 
A)  Copulation stimulates sensory neurons in the cervix → a surge of LH stimulates ovulation in the ovaries → GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete LH → neuronal impulses release norepinephrine 
B)  Copulation stimulates sensory neurons in the cervix → a surge of LH stimulates ovulation in the ovaries → neuronal impulses release norepinephrine → GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete LH 
C)  Copulation stimulates sensory neurons in the cervix → neuronal impulses release norepinephrine → GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete LH → a surge of LH stimulates ovulation in the ovaries 
D)  GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete LH → copulation stimulates sensory neurons in the cervix → a surge of LH stimulates ovulation in the ovaries → neuronal impulses release norepinephrine

Question 20

Which hormone is directly responsible for milk secretion by the alveolar epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Follicle-stimulating hormone 
D)  Luteinizing hormone 
A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Follicle-stimulating hormone 
D)  Luteinizing hormone

Exam 17: Reproduction

What is the functional significance of induced ovulation? Provide an example.

Refer to the figure shown. Which letter in the figure corresponds to the precursor tissue to the shaft of the penis?

A protandrous animal is

Which statement about the mature (or Graafian) follicle is false?

Which statement regarding human female gametes is true?

Refer to the figure shown. The hormones produced at location II in the figure are stimulating the _______ to produce _______ at location III.

Which statement regarding estrogen during the follicular phase is true?

Which is the best example of postnatal provisioning?

The physiological trigger for the onset of menstruation in humans is caused by

Refer to the figure shown. The release of LH and FSH is occurring at what letter in the figure?

What is the functional significance of sequential hermaphroditism? Provide an example.

Which animal(s) menstruate(s)?

Most mammals are

Refer to the figure shown. The graph shows _______ during the life span of _______.

Oxytocin, which initiates the birthing process, is produced by the

Since the mammalian embryo is in an "undifferentiated state" at 4 weeks of development, how is sex determined?

Which species is semelparous?

In placental mammals, delayed implantation usually occurs when the

Which is the correct order of events leading to the luteinizing hormone surge?

Which hormone is directly responsible for milk secretion by the alveolar epithelial cells?

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Circulation

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

Filters

Refer to the figure shown. The hormones produced at location II in the figure are stimulating the _ to produce _ at location III.

Refer to the figure shown. The graph shows _ during the life span of _.