Question 1

Which is the correct sequence of blood movement through the human heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vena cavae → left atrium → left ventricle → pulmonary artery → pulmonary vein → right atrium → right ventricle → aorta 
B)  Vena cavae → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → pulmonary vein → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta 
C)  Vena cavae → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary vein → pulmonary artery → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta 
D)  Aorta → left atrium → left ventricle → pulmonary artery → pulmonary vein → right atrium → right ventricle → vena cavae 
A)  Vena cavae → left atrium → left ventricle → pulmonary artery → pulmonary vein → right atrium → right ventricle → aorta 
B)  Vena cavae → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → pulmonary vein → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta 
C)  Vena cavae → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary vein → pulmonary artery → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta 
D)  Aorta → left atrium → left ventricle → pulmonary artery → pulmonary vein → right atrium → right ventricle → vena cavae

Question 2

The _______ prevents the initial depolarization at the S-A node from spreading across the heart from the atria through the ventricles and ending at the tip of the septum.

Accepted Answer

A)  S-A node 
B)  connective tissue between the atria and ventricles 
C)  interventricular septum 
D)  bundle of Purkinje fibers 
A)  S-A node 
B)  connective tissue between the atria and ventricles 
C)  interventricular septum 
D)  bundle of Purkinje fibers

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the contractile properties of the heart of the elasmobranch fish?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are four chambers, however only the atria and ventricle contract. 
B)  There are only two chambers, an atria and a ventricle, and they both contract. 
C)  There are four chambers, and three contract. 
D)  There are four chambers, and all four contract. 
A)  There are four chambers, however only the atria and ventricle contract. 
B)  There are only two chambers, an atria and a ventricle, and they both contract. 
C)  There are four chambers, and three contract. 
D)  There are four chambers, and all four contract.

Question 4

Fish with _______ are able to swim faster and longer due to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  compact myocardium; the coronary circulation 
B)  compact myocardium; greater contractile force and rate 
C)  spongy myocardium; the coronary circulation 
D)  spongy myocardium; greater contractile force and rate 
A)  compact myocardium; the coronary circulation 
B)  compact myocardium; greater contractile force and rate 
C)  spongy myocardium; the coronary circulation 
D)  spongy myocardium; greater contractile force and rate

Question 5

You are measuring the blood pressure (using a standard cuff on the brachial artery) of a patient who insists on holding her arm above her head while you are taking the measurement. How to you deal with the data you collect.

Accepted Answer

A)  As long are you are careful, the data you collect are valid. 
B)  The measurement in the raised arm will overestimate the actual blood pressure. 
C)  The measurement in the raised arm will underestimate the actual blood pressure. 
D)  The pressure measurement will be accurate, but the heart rate measurement will not. 
A)  As long are you are careful, the data you collect are valid. 
B)  The measurement in the raised arm will overestimate the actual blood pressure. 
C)  The measurement in the raised arm will underestimate the actual blood pressure. 
D)  The pressure measurement will be accurate, but the heart rate measurement will not.

Question 6

Refer to the figure shown.
  The most oxygenated blood would be found

Accepted Answer

A)  at I. 
B)  just exiting the structure at II. 
C)  at III. 
D)  just exiting the structure at V. 
A)  at I. 
B)  just exiting the structure at II. 
C)  at III. 
D)  just exiting the structure at V.

Question 7

Describe the four systems that have evolved in animals to supply O2 to the myocardium and name the main animal groups that use each one.

Accepted Answer

The myocardium is sometimes supplied wit

Question 8

According to the Poiseuille equation, which of the following does not directly affect flow rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperature of the tube 
B)  Viscosity of the fluid 
C)  Radius of the lumen of the tube 
D)  Pressure at the entry of the tube 
A)  Temperature of the tube 
B)  Viscosity of the fluid 
C)  Radius of the lumen of the tube 
D)  Pressure at the entry of the tube

Question 9

The blood circulation of crustaceans is _______ than that of fish primarily because of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  faster; lower resistance 
B)  faster; higher pressure 
C)  slower; lower pressure 
D)  slower; higher resistance 
A)  faster; lower resistance 
B)  faster; higher pressure 
C)  slower; lower pressure 
D)  slower; higher resistance

Question 10

ECG (EKG) electrodes are placed _______ and measures _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  under the skin; voltage differences in the heart muscle 
B)  under the skin; heart contraction and relaxation 
C)  on the skin; voltage differences in the heart muscle 
D)  on the skin; heart contraction and relaxation 
A)  under the skin; voltage differences in the heart muscle 
B)  under the skin; heart contraction and relaxation 
C)  on the skin; voltage differences in the heart muscle 
D)  on the skin; heart contraction and relaxation

Question 11

The myocardium of tunas is

Accepted Answer

A)  composed of an outer compact layer with coronary vessels and an inner spongy layer. 
B)  spongy, with little or no development of coronary vessels. 
C)  compact, with coronary arteries and veins. 
D)  a mixed structure, with blood flowing from lumen into coronary veins. 
A)  composed of an outer compact layer with coronary vessels and an inner spongy layer. 
B)  spongy, with little or no development of coronary vessels. 
C)  compact, with coronary arteries and veins. 
D)  a mixed structure, with blood flowing from lumen into coronary veins.

Question 12

_______ is delivered to muscle via the circulation to support exercise.

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen 
B)  ATP 
C)  CO2 
D)  Blood 
A)  Oxygen 
B)  ATP 
C)  CO2 
D)  Blood

Question 13

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which area refers to the pulmonary artery?

Accepted Answer

A)  II 
B)  III 
C)  IV 
D)  V 
A)  II 
B)  III 
C)  IV 
D)  V

Question 14

Compare and contrast the myogenic and neurogenic heart.

Accepted Answer

In the myogenic heart the initial electr

Question 15

Which statement regarding the lobster circulatory system is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemolymph returns through holes in the heart called ostia. 
B)  All vessels connected to the heart are arteries. 
C)  The primary force that refills the heart is elastic rebound. 
D)  There is a clear distinction between blood and interstitial fluid. 
A)  Hemolymph returns through holes in the heart called ostia. 
B)  All vessels connected to the heart are arteries. 
C)  The primary force that refills the heart is elastic rebound. 
D)  There is a clear distinction between blood and interstitial fluid.

Question 16

Compare and contrast the mammalian and cephalopod circulatory systems.

Accepted Answer

The mammalian and cephalopod circulatory

Question 17

Refer to the figure shown.
  This circulatory plan belongs to which group of animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decapod crustaceans 
B)  Invertebrates 
C)  Fish 
D)  Cephalopod molluscs 
A)  Decapod crustaceans 
B)  Invertebrates 
C)  Fish 
D)  Cephalopod molluscs

Question 18

Defend or refute this statement: "Blood flow through open systems is sluggish because of the relatively low-pressure gradients in open circulatory systems."

Accepted Answer

Many descriptions of open circulatory sy

Question 19

The main difference between the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit is that the pulmonary circuit

Accepted Answer

A)  has a higher resistance. 
B)  produces lower pressures. 
C)  produces lower flows. 
D)  has a lower cardiac output. 
A)  has a higher resistance. 
B)  produces lower pressures. 
C)  produces lower flows. 
D)  has a lower cardiac output.

Question 20

Place the patients in order from lowest to highest vascular resistance.
Patient 1) Blood pressure = 120/80 mm Hg; cardiac output 4 L/min
Patient 2) Blood pressure = 140/100 mm Hg; cardiac output 5 L/min
Patient 3) Blood pressure = 100/60 mm Hg; cardiac output 5 L/min

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient 1, Patient 2, Patient 3 
B)  Patient 3, Patient 2, Patient 1 
C)  Patient 2, Patient 1, Patient 3 
D)  Patient 3, Patient 1, Patient 2 
A)  Patient 1, Patient 2, Patient 3 
B)  Patient 3, Patient 2, Patient 1 
C)  Patient 2, Patient 1, Patient 3 
D)  Patient 3, Patient 1, Patient 2

Exam 25: Circulation

Which is the correct sequence of blood movement through the human heart?

The _______ prevents the initial depolarization at the S-A node from spreading across the heart from the atria through the ventricles and ending at the tip of the septum.

Which of the following best describes the contractile properties of the heart of the elasmobranch fish?

Fish with _______ are able to swim faster and longer due to _______.

You are measuring the blood pressure (using a standard cuff on the brachial artery) of a patient who insists on holding her arm above her head while you are taking the measurement. How to you deal with the data you collect.

Refer to the figure shown. The most oxygenated blood would be found

Describe the four systems that have evolved in animals to supply O2 to the myocardium and name the main animal groups that use each one.

According to the Poiseuille equation, which of the following does not directly affect flow rate?

The blood circulation of crustaceans is _______ than that of fish primarily because of _______.

ECG (EKG) electrodes are placed _______ and measures _______.

The myocardium of tunas is

_______ is delivered to muscle via the circulation to support exercise.

Refer to the figure shown. Which area refers to the pulmonary artery?

Compare and contrast the myogenic and neurogenic heart.

Which statement regarding the lobster circulatory system is false?

Compare and contrast the mammalian and cephalopod circulatory systems.

Refer to the figure shown. This circulatory plan belongs to which group of animals?

Defend or refute this statement: "Blood flow through open systems is sluggish because of the relatively low-pressure gradients in open circulatory systems."

The main difference between the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit is that the pulmonary circuit

Place the patients in order from lowest to highest vascular resistance. Patient 1) Blood pressure = 120/80 mm Hg; cardiac output 4 L/min Patient 2) Blood pressure = 140/100 mm Hg; cardiac output 5 L/min Patient 3) Blood pressure = 100/60 mm Hg; cardiac output 5 L/min

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

Filters

Fish with _ are able to swim faster and longer due to _.

Describe the four systems that have evolved in animals to supply O₂ to the myocardium and name the main animal groups that use each one.

The blood circulation of crustaceans is _ than that of fish primarily because of _.

ECG (EKG) electrodes are placed _ and measures _.