Question 1

The P wave of the EKG is produced by the

Accepted Answer

A)  contraction of the atria. 
B)  contraction of the ventricles. 
C)  depolarization of the atria. 
D)  repolarization of the atria. 
A)  contraction of the atria. 
B)  contraction of the ventricles. 
C)  depolarization of the atria. 
D)  repolarization of the atria.

Question 2

Refer to the figure shown.
  This circulatory plan belongs to which group of animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cephalopod molluscs 
B)  Invertebrates 
C)  Fish 
D)  Decapod crustaceans 
A)  Cephalopod molluscs 
B)  Invertebrates 
C)  Fish 
D)  Decapod crustaceans

Question 3

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which vertical section denotes the vascular portion with the highest vascular resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 4

The _______ circulatory system of squids and octopuses consist of two _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  open; branchial hearts and one systemic heart 
B)  open; systemic hearts and one branchial heart 
C)  closed; systemic hearts and one branchial heart 
D)  closed; branchial hearts and one systemic heart 
A)  open; branchial hearts and one systemic heart 
B)  open; systemic hearts and one branchial heart 
C)  closed; systemic hearts and one branchial heart 
D)  closed; branchial hearts and one systemic heart

Question 5

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which circulatory plan allows the animals to modulate blood flow to the lungs independently of blood flow to the rest of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  II and V 
B)  II, IV, and V 
C)  I, III, and IV 
D)  I, IV, and V 
A)  II and V 
B)  II, IV, and V 
C)  I, III, and IV 
D)  I, IV, and V

Question 6

The most urgent function performed by circulation is

Accepted Answer

A)  the transport of ATP. 
B)  the transport of hormones. 
C)  the transport of oxygen. 
D)  thermoregulatory control. 
A)  the transport of ATP. 
B)  the transport of hormones. 
C)  the transport of oxygen. 
D)  thermoregulatory control.

Question 7

Describe how an air-breathing organ is integrated into the circulatory plan of fish and how this physiology relates to the oxygenation of the fish myocardium.

Accepted Answer

One of the limitations of the fish circu

Question 8

Refer to the figure shown.
  In section I, fluid is _______ the capillary due to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  leaking out of; hydrostatic pressure 
B)  leaking out of; colloid osmotic pressure 
C)  moving into; hydrostatic pressure 
D)  moving into; colloid osmotic pressure 
A)  leaking out of; hydrostatic pressure 
B)  leaking out of; colloid osmotic pressure 
C)  moving into; hydrostatic pressure 
D)  moving into; colloid osmotic pressure

Question 9

Which structure aids crocodilians in diverting blood flow during diving?

Accepted Answer

A)  Foramen ovale 
B)  Foramen of Panizza 
C)  Ductus arteriosus 
D)  Pulmonary artery 
A)  Foramen ovale 
B)  Foramen of Panizza 
C)  Ductus arteriosus 
D)  Pulmonary artery

Question 10

Which of the following are considered functional properties of the cardiac conduction system?
I. Initiate cardiac contraction
II. Accelerate depolarization across the atria
III. Slows the depolarization across the A-V node
IV. Accelerates depolarization down the bundle branches and Purkinje fibers

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II 
B)  III and IV 
C)  II, III, and IV 
D)  I, II, III, and IV 
A)  I and II 
B)  III and IV 
C)  II, III, and IV 
D)  I, II, III, and IV

Question 11

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which vertical section denotes the vascular portion with the highest pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 12

Which characteristic is typical of teleost cardiovascular systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  The heart receives oxygenated blood flowing from the gills. 
B)  Cardiac outputs are lower than those of similar-sized mammals. 
C)  Blood pressure increases significantly as blood passes through the gills. 
D)  Arterial pressures are higher than those of similar-sized mammals. 
A)  The heart receives oxygenated blood flowing from the gills. 
B)  Cardiac outputs are lower than those of similar-sized mammals. 
C)  Blood pressure increases significantly as blood passes through the gills. 
D)  Arterial pressures are higher than those of similar-sized mammals.

Question 13

Which animal does not modulate blood flow to the lungs independently of blood flow to the rest of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lungfish 
B)  Amphibians 
C)  Crocodilians 
D)  Birds 
A)  Lungfish 
B)  Amphibians 
C)  Crocodilians 
D)  Birds

Question 14

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which region represents the ventricular filling portion of the heart cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  II 
B)  III 
C)  IV 
D)  V 
A)  II 
B)  III 
C)  IV 
D)  V

Question 15

A tall human with normal blood pressure standing upright would be expected to have a pressure of about _______ mm Hg in the leg artery, measured 130 cm shown the heart.

Accepted Answer

A)  95 
B)  120 
C)  150 
D)  195 
A)  95 
B)  120 
C)  150 
D)  195

Question 16

Refer to the figure shown.
  The most oxygenated blood would be found just exiting the structure(s) at

Accepted Answer

A)  I. 
B)  II. 
C)  III. 
D)  IV. 
A)  I. 
B)  II. 
C)  III. 
D)  IV.

Question 17

The most important factor modifying flow in blood vessels is the

Accepted Answer

A)  pressure in the vessel. 
B)  diameter of the vessel. 
C)  viscosity of fluid in the vessel. 
D)  length of the vessel. 
A)  pressure in the vessel. 
B)  diameter of the vessel. 
C)  viscosity of fluid in the vessel. 
D)  length of the vessel.

Question 18

Refer to the figure shown.
  The figure depicts the _______ hypothesis: the initial loss and then regaining of fluid in the capillaries that results, overall, in a net _______ of fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)  Frank‒Starling; loss 
B)  Starling‒Landis; loss 
C)  Frank‒Landis; gain 
D)  Poiseuille; gain 
A)  Frank‒Starling; loss 
B)  Starling‒Landis; loss 
C)  Frank‒Landis; gain 
D)  Poiseuille; gain

Question 19

In lobsters and crabs, blood from the _______ collects in the _______ before passing through the gills.

Accepted Answer

A)  heart; pericardial sinus 
B)  systemic tissues; infrabranchial sinus 
C)  heart; infrabranchial sinus 
D)  systemic tissues; pericardial sinus 
A)  heart; pericardial sinus 
B)  systemic tissues; infrabranchial sinus 
C)  heart; infrabranchial sinus 
D)  systemic tissues; pericardial sinus

Question 20

Refer to the figure shown.
  The wavy boundaries at I and III represent the

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of vessels in the systemic tissues. 
B)  gills. 
C)  venous system. 
D)  branchio-pericardial sinuses. 
A)  lack of vessels in the systemic tissues. 
B)  gills. 
C)  venous system. 
D)  branchio-pericardial sinuses.

Exam 25: Circulation

The P wave of the EKG is produced by the

Refer to the figure shown. This circulatory plan belongs to which group of animals?

Refer to the figure shown. Which vertical section denotes the vascular portion with the highest vascular resistance?

The _______ circulatory system of squids and octopuses consist of two _______.

Refer to the figure shown. Which circulatory plan allows the animals to modulate blood flow to the lungs independently of blood flow to the rest of the body?

The most urgent function performed by circulation is

Describe how an air-breathing organ is integrated into the circulatory plan of fish and how this physiology relates to the oxygenation of the fish myocardium.

Refer to the figure shown. In section I, fluid is _______ the capillary due to _______.

Which structure aids crocodilians in diverting blood flow during diving?

Which of the following are considered functional properties of the cardiac conduction system? I. Initiate cardiac contraction II. Accelerate depolarization across the atria III. Slows the depolarization across the A-V node IV. Accelerates depolarization down the bundle branches and Purkinje fibers

Refer to the figure shown. Which vertical section denotes the vascular portion with the highest pressure?

Which characteristic is typical of teleost cardiovascular systems?

Which animal does not modulate blood flow to the lungs independently of blood flow to the rest of the body?

Refer to the figure shown. Which region represents the ventricular filling portion of the heart cycle?

A tall human with normal blood pressure standing upright would be expected to have a pressure of about _______ mm Hg in the leg artery, measured 130 cm shown the heart.

Refer to the figure shown. The most oxygenated blood would be found just exiting the structure(s) at

The most important factor modifying flow in blood vessels is the

Refer to the figure shown. The figure depicts the _______ hypothesis: the initial loss and then regaining of fluid in the capillaries that results, overall, in a net _______ of fluid.

In lobsters and crabs, blood from the _______ collects in the _______ before passing through the gills.

Refer to the figure shown. The wavy boundaries at I and III represent the

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

Filters

The _ circulatory system of squids and octopuses consist of two _.

Refer to the figure shown. In section I, fluid is _ the capillary due to _.

Refer to the figure shown. The figure depicts the _ hypothesis: the initial loss and then regaining of fluid in the capillaries that results, overall, in a net _ of fluid.

In lobsters and crabs, blood from the _ collects in the _ before passing through the gills.