Question 1

General anesthesia may result in a post-operative _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of General anesthesia may result in a post-operative...

Question 2

For critically ill patients, when should enteral nutrition be started in the hospital?

Accepted Answer

A)  within 3-4 days 
B)  after about 72 hours 
C)  after about 60 hours 
D)  within the first 24-48 hours 
E)  immediately 
A)  within 3-4 days 
B)  after about 72 hours 
C)  after about 60 hours 
D)  within the first 24-48 hours 
E)  immediately

Question 3

Which group of viruses does HIV belong to?

Accepted Answer

A)  rotavirus 
B)  retrovirus 
C)  rhabdovirus 
D)  picornavirus 
E)  reovirus 
A)  rotavirus 
B)  retrovirus 
C)  rhabdovirus 
D)  picornavirus 
E)  reovirus

Question 4

HIV RNA is transcribed to DNA particles using reverse-transcriptase enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Describe the main objectives of nutritional support for the critically ill.

Accepted Answer

Nutrition support has three ma

Question 6

For critically ill individuals, nutritional needs can normally be met by the oral route.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following conditions causes the highest excretion of nitrogen per day from the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  major trauma 
B)  major burn 
C)  starvation 
D)  major surgery 
E)  sleep deprivation 
A)  major trauma 
B)  major burn 
C)  starvation 
D)  major surgery 
E)  sleep deprivation

Question 8

In burn patients, _______________ nutrition that is initiated within 24 hours of injury has been associated with prevention of infections, the prevention of Curling's ulcer, and the reduction of protein catabolism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In burn patients, _______________ nutrition that is...

Question 9

Discuss the importance of glutamine during times of metabolic stress.

Accepted Answer

Though glutamine is a nonessential amino

Question 10

Omega-3 fatty acids can serve to reduce the _______________ cytokines that are involved in systemic inflammatory conditions and metabolic stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Omega-3 fatty acids can serve to reduce...

Question 11

Substrates such as inulin, guar gum, and other soluble fibers are fermented in the gut to _______________ and lactate.

Accepted Answer

short-chai

Question 12

Indirect calorimetry is the method of choice to establish energy and protein requirements for the critically ill.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

BM is a 35-year-old firefighter who has sustained major burns and smoke inhalation. He is taken to the burn unit, and a consult with the registered dietitian has been ordered.
HT: 6'1"          WT: 180 pounds (81.6  kg)  
-Wh ich of the following amino acid supplements does the dietitian recommend to stimulate the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  alanine 
B)  arginine 
C)  glutamine 
D)  lysine 
E)  cysteine 
A)  alanine 
B)  arginine 
C)  glutamine 
D)  lysine 
E)  cysteine

Question 14

When should enteral and/or parenteral feeding be initiated after surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  as soon as possible 
B)  12-15 hours post-op 
C)  18-24 hours post-op 
D)  1-2 days post-op 
E)  at least 72 hours post-op 
A)  as soon as possible 
B)  12-15 hours post-op 
C)  18-24 hours post-op 
D)  1-2 days post-op 
E)  at least 72 hours post-op

Question 15

_______________ burns destroy all layers of the skin and can involve underlying muscle, organs, and bone.

Accepted Answer

Full-thick

Question 16

What is the term for reduced blood flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotension 
B)  cyanosis 
C)  alkalosis 
D)  hypoperfusion 
E)  vasoconstriction 
A)  hypotension 
B)  cyanosis 
C)  alkalosis 
D)  hypoperfusion 
E)  vasoconstriction

Question 17

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) increases the production of _____ during metabolic stress.

Accepted Answer

A)  albumin 
B)  C-reactive protein 
C)  prealbumin 
D)  acetylcholine 
E)  histamine 
A)  albumin 
B)  C-reactive protein 
C)  prealbumin 
D)  acetylcholine 
E)  histamine

Question 18

During metabolic stress, what supplies the substrate used for gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  breakdown of muscle tissue 
B)  breakdown of body fat 
C)  breakdown of connective tissue 
D)  breakdown of bone minerals 
E)  breakdown of brain tissue 
A)  breakdown of muscle tissue 
B)  breakdown of body fat 
C)  breakdown of connective tissue 
D)  breakdown of bone minerals 
E)  breakdown of brain tissue

Question 19

What happens to the basal metabolic rate during starvation?

Accepted Answer

A)  no change 
B)  increases 
C)  reduces 
D)  wildly fluctuates 
E)  unpredictable 
A)  no change 
B)  increases 
C)  reduces 
D)  wildly fluctuates 
E)  unpredictable

Question 20

Which amino acid is the primary fuel for enterocytes within the gastrointestinal tract and for T lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysine 
B)  arginine 
C)  alanine 
D)  glutamine 
E)  cysteine 
A)  lysine 
B)  arginine 
C)  alanine 
D)  glutamine 
E)  cysteine

Exam 22: Metabolic Stress and the Critically Ill

General anesthesia may result in a post-operative _______________.

For critically ill patients, when should enteral nutrition be started in the hospital?

Which group of viruses does HIV belong to?

HIV RNA is transcribed to DNA particles using reverse-transcriptase enzymes.

Describe the main objectives of nutritional support for the critically ill.

For critically ill individuals, nutritional needs can normally be met by the oral route.

Which of the following conditions causes the highest excretion of nitrogen per day from the body?

In burn patients, _______________ nutrition that is initiated within 24 hours of injury has been associated with prevention of infections, the prevention of Curling's ulcer, and the reduction of protein catabolism.

Discuss the importance of glutamine during times of metabolic stress.

Omega-3 fatty acids can serve to reduce the _______________ cytokines that are involved in systemic inflammatory conditions and metabolic stress.

Substrates such as inulin, guar gum, and other soluble fibers are fermented in the gut to _______________ and lactate.

Indirect calorimetry is the method of choice to establish energy and protein requirements for the critically ill.

When should enteral and/or parenteral feeding be initiated after surgery?

_______________ burns destroy all layers of the skin and can involve underlying muscle, organs, and bone.

What is the term for reduced blood flow?

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) increases the production of _____ during metabolic stress.

During metabolic stress, what supplies the substrate used for gluconeogenesis?

What happens to the basal metabolic rate during starvation?

Which amino acid is the primary fuel for enterocytes within the gastrointestinal tract and for T lymphocytes?

Role of the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist in the Health Care System

Overview the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Assessment Foundation of the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Intervention Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition Informatics and Documentation of the Nutrition Care Process

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Cellular and Physiological Response to Injury the Role of the Immune System

Nutritional Genomics

Pharmacology

Diseases and Disorders of Energy Imbalance

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Diseases of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Liver Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Diseases of the Endocrine System

Diseases of the Renal System

Diseases of the Hematological System

Diseases and Disorders of the Neurological System

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Neoplastic Disease

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Metabolic Disorders

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