Exam 13: Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

The most common cause of heart failure in women is:

Current recommendations include maintenance of dietary fat intake within 10%-15% of total caloric intake for patients with atherosclerosis.

A dietitian is educating a client on how to prevent infection after a heart transplant. Which foods would the dietitian counsel the client to avoid?

Describe the "5 A's" of nutrition counseling for hypertension.

_______________ are medications that affect the movement of calcium, which causes the blood vessels to relax and therefore reduces vasoconstriction.

PT, a 65-year-old male, comes to the emergency room complaining of chest pain. Several diagnostic tests conclude that he has suffered an MI. The registered dietitian is consulted for nutrition education. PT reports that he has gained 30 pounds in the previous year due to his hectic work schedule, which forces him to eat out often. In addition, he is physically inactive. PT also reports that he has a family history of heart disease and his father died of an MI. Height: 5'9" Weight: 190 lbs Waist circumference: 105 cm BP: 140/93 Cholesterol: 259 mg/dL LDL: 180 mg/dL HDL: 58 mg/dL TG: 234 mg/dL Diet routine: Breakfast: Egg and sausage muffin             Coffee Lunch: Ham and cheese sandwich on white bread          Potato chips          Soda Dinner: Chicken breast         Mashed potatoes           Iced tea         Cheesecake -Based on the available clinical data, what additional diagnosis might be made in this case?

Since the intakes of magnesium and calcium can directly impact the progression and management of HF, accurate assessment of both of these nutrients is essential.

Which of the following medical procedures involves inserting a catheter from an artery in the groin to the site where blood flow is restricted?

Discuss each of the following components when evaluating clinical hypertension: classification of blood pressure, major cardiovascular disease risk factors, and identifiable causes of secondary hypertension.

Which factor is associated with primary hypertension?

Identify the pharmacologic therapy that is used to control symptoms of heart failure and limit damage to the heart.

A dietitian is using the CAGE questions to assess the intakes of saturated fat and cholesterol in a client's diet. The "C" in CAGE stands for:

PT, a 65-year-old male, comes to the emergency room complaining of chest pain. Several diagnostic tests conclude that he has suffered an MI. The registered dietitian is consulted for nutrition education. PT reports that he has gained 30 pounds in the previous year due to his hectic work schedule, which forces him to eat out often. In addition, he is physically inactive. PT also reports that he has a family history of heart disease and his father died of an MI. Height: 5'9" Weight: 190 lbs Waist circumference: 105 cm BP: 140/93 Cholesterol: 259 mg/dL LDL: 180 mg/dL HDL: 58 mg/dL TG: 234 mg/dL Diet routine: Breakfast: Egg and sausage muffin             Coffee Lunch: Ham and cheese sandwich on white bread          Potato chips          Soda Dinner: Chicken breast         Mashed potatoes           Iced tea         Cheesecake A registered dietitian may recommend which of the following additions to PT's diet to help decrease the absorption of cholesterol?

A(n) _______________ is a medical device that mechanically pumps blood from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body in case of heart failure.

Postsurgery education on basic food safety after heart transplant should be provided since transplant patients are more susceptible to _______________ due to immunosuppressant therapy.

Describe the components of the rapid eating assessment for patients (REAP) and give an example of a question applicable to each category of the assessment.

Which of the following is a physiologic contributor to intestinal ischemia?

The prevailing theory for the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis is that the disease begins as a response to injury that results in an inflammatory process.

A(n) _______________ is a surgical procedure in which a person's failing heart is replaced with a healthy heart from a suitable deceased donor.

_______________ hypertension occurs as a result of another primary problem, such as kidney disease, other cardiovascular diseases, endocrine disorders, or neurogenic disorders.