Exam 13: Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

It is not unusual for individuals to experience episodes of _______________ in response to an increase in cardiac workload.

Which is an example of a loop diuretic used in the treatment of hypertension?

A dietitian is helping a client with understanding the sodium content of food products to manage her hypertension. The label on a product reads "140 mg or less of sodium per serving." This product would be classified as:

The causes of an acute MI or unstable angina are plaque erosion, rupture of a plaque resulting in formation of a thrombus, and vasoconstriction.

At the onset of atherosclerotic lesion formation, the damaged endothelial layer attracts platelets to the site of damage to form a small clot termed a _______________.

What is the recommended amount of protein intake during the initial phase after a heart transplant?

List risk factors that are common in the development of coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular accidents.

The repeating contraction and relaxation of the heart is termed the:

A surgical procedure that typically uses the saphenous vein or internal mammary artery to "bypass" the blocked vessel is known as a(n) _______________.

The right atrium and the right ventricle make up the right heart and pump blood through:

_______________ produced in the endothelial cells controls the normal relaxation of smooth muscle in the arteries and arterioles.

PT, a 65-year-old male, comes to the emergency room complaining of chest pain. Several diagnostic tests conclude that he has suffered an MI. The registered dietitian is consulted for nutrition education. PT reports that he has gained 30 pounds in the previous year due to his hectic work schedule, which forces him to eat out often. In addition, he is physically inactive. PT also reports that he has a family history of heart disease and his father died of an MI. Height: 5'9" Weight: 190 lbs Waist circumference: 105 cm BP: 140/93 Cholesterol: 259 mg/dL LDL: 180 mg/dL HDL: 58 mg/dL TG: 234 mg/dL Diet routine: Breakfast: Egg and sausage muffin             Coffee Lunch: Ham and cheese sandwich on white bread          Potato chips          Soda Dinner: Chicken breast         Mashed potatoes           Iced tea         Cheesecake -Which is an example of a modifiable risk factor that contributed to PT's condition?

List examples of food items to choose and to avoid in the given categories to avoid cardiovascular disease: dairy products, fats and oils, and breads and cereals.

Patients who have structural heart disease but demonstrate no symptoms of heart failure are classified as having which stage of the disease?

A dietitian is counseling a client with atherosclerosis on how to make therapeutic lifestyle changes. Which food item should the dietitian advise the client to choose less often?

Which of the following statements best describes mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

Name and briefly describe the stages of heart failure.

The procedure that is used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias is called _______________.

PT, a 65-year-old male, comes to the emergency room complaining of chest pain. Several diagnostic tests conclude that he has suffered an MI. The registered dietitian is consulted for nutrition education. PT reports that he has gained 30 pounds in the previous year due to his hectic work schedule, which forces him to eat out often. In addition, he is physically inactive. PT also reports that he has a family history of heart disease and his father died of an MI. Height: 5'9" Weight: 190 lbs Waist circumference: 105 cm BP: 140/93 Cholesterol: 259 mg/dL LDL: 180 mg/dL HDL: 58 mg/dL TG: 234 mg/dL Diet routine: Breakfast: Egg and sausage muffin             Coffee Lunch: Ham and cheese sandwich on white bread          Potato chips          Soda Dinner: Chicken breast         Mashed potatoes           Iced tea         Cheesecake PT's diet is high in which component?

PT, a 65-year-old male, comes to the emergency room complaining of chest pain. Several diagnostic tests conclude that he has suffered an MI. The registered dietitian is consulted for nutrition education. PT reports that he has gained 30 pounds in the previous year due to his hectic work schedule, which forces him to eat out often. In addition, he is physically inactive. PT also reports that he has a family history of heart disease and his father died of an MI. Height: 5'9" Weight: 190 lbs Waist circumference: 105 cm BP: 140/93 Cholesterol: 259 mg/dL LDL: 180 mg/dL HDL: 58 mg/dL TG: 234 mg/dL Diet routine: Breakfast: Egg and sausage muffin             Coffee Lunch: Ham and cheese sandwich on white bread          Potato chips          Soda Dinner: Chicken breast         Mashed potatoes           Iced tea         Cheesecake Which compound, when consumed twice daily, provides therapeutic effects against heart diseases?