Question 1

Which of the following occurs in pulmonary emphysema?

Accepted Answer

A)  The alveoli lose their elasticity. 
B)  The surface area of the lung is greatly decreased. 
C)  Walls between adjacent alveoli become reinforced. 
D)  The heart becomes enlarged from pressure. 
E)  Fresh air accumulates in the lungs because it cannot be properly inhaled. 
A)  The alveoli lose their elasticity. 
B)  The surface area of the lung is greatly decreased. 
C)  Walls between adjacent alveoli become reinforced. 
D)  The heart becomes enlarged from pressure. 
E)  Fresh air accumulates in the lungs because it cannot be properly inhaled.

Question 2

The swim bladders of fishes function primarily in ventilation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following best defines the Bohr effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of a gas that diffuses across a membrane depends on the differences in the gas's partial pressure. 
B)  The ability of hemoglobin to bind oxygen depends on the partial pressure of oxygen. 
C)  In a mixture of gases, the total pressure of the mixture is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases. 
D)  pH causes a displacement of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve. 
E)  As the concentration of chloride ions increases, the ability of hemoglobin to bind carbon dioxide decreases. 
A)  The amount of a gas that diffuses across a membrane depends on the differences in the gas's partial pressure. 
B)  The ability of hemoglobin to bind oxygen depends on the partial pressure of oxygen. 
C)  In a mixture of gases, the total pressure of the mixture is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases. 
D)  pH causes a displacement of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve. 
E)  As the concentration of chloride ions increases, the ability of hemoglobin to bind carbon dioxide decreases.

Question 4

Match between columns
                        Premises: Sea stars, some salamanders, crustaceans

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Body surface and Gills and Tracheal tubes is...

Question 5

The process of gas exchange in parabronchi is similar to:

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis in spiracles. 
B)  respiration in tracheal tubes. 
C)  concurrent exchange in gills. 
D)  diffusion in small animals. 
E)  countercurrent exchange in gills. 
A)  osmosis in spiracles. 
B)  respiration in tracheal tubes. 
C)  concurrent exchange in gills. 
D)  diffusion in small animals. 
E)  countercurrent exchange in gills.

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: Volume of air remaining in lungs at end of maximal expiration

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Residual volume and Vital capacity and Tidal is...

Question 7

Which of the following areas of the respiratory tract is lined with a single layer of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nasal cavity 
B)  Larynx 
C)  Trachea 
D)  Bronchi 
E)  Alveoli 
A)  Nasal cavity 
B)  Larynx 
C)  Trachea 
D)  Bronchi 
E)  Alveoli

Question 8

Fick's law states that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of gas diffusing across a membrane depends on differences in partial pressure. 
B)  the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases. 
C)  the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin depends on the pH of the environment. 
D)  as oxygen concentration increases, there is an increase in the amount of hemoglobin produced. 
E)  the size of an animal varies inversely to the amount of diffusion across its respiratory membranes. 
A)  the amount of gas diffusing across a membrane depends on differences in partial pressure. 
B)  the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases. 
C)  the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin depends on the pH of the environment. 
D)  as oxygen concentration increases, there is an increase in the amount of hemoglobin produced. 
E)  the size of an animal varies inversely to the amount of diffusion across its respiratory membranes.

Question 9

You have a significant reduction in the amount of pulmonary surfactant. What is the likely effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  The risk of bacterial infection will increase. 
B)  The risk of having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will increase. 
C)  The bronchioles will constrict, which will increase airway resistance. 
D)  The lungs will be difficult to inflate. 
E)  Gas exchange cannot occur. 
A)  The risk of bacterial infection will increase. 
B)  The risk of having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will increase. 
C)  The bronchioles will constrict, which will increase airway resistance. 
D)  The lungs will be difficult to inflate. 
E)  Gas exchange cannot occur.

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: This structure is also called the voice box.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Bronchiole and Alveoli and Trachea and Nasal is...

Question 11

In fish, blood flows in a direction opposite to the flow of water over the gills in a process known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  concurrent exchange. 
B)  countercurrent exchange. 
C)  crosscurrent exchange. 
D)  exhalation. 
E)  diffusion. 
A)  concurrent exchange. 
B)  countercurrent exchange. 
C)  crosscurrent exchange. 
D)  exhalation. 
E)  diffusion.

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: Air enters through spiracles

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Body surface and Tracheal tubes and Gills is...

Question 13

The efficient exchange of gases in gills is an example of countercurrent exchange.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Gases move freely across the walls of the bronchioles into the capillaries that surround them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: Bronchial tubes narrow, increasing likelihood that inhaled particles will stick to mucous lining

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Pulmonary emphysema is...

Question 16

Which animal gets fresh air across the lungs through both inhalation and exhalation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amphibians 
B)  Birds 
C)  Fish 
D)  Insects 
E)  Mammals 
A)  Amphibians 
B)  Birds 
C)  Fish 
D)  Insects 
E)  Mammals

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: Nudibranch mollusks, earthworms, some amphibians

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Gills and Body surface and Lungs and is...

Question 18

Which statement about the regulation of respiration is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiratory centers in the medulla control the transition from inspiration to expiration. 
B)  Carbon dioxide concentration is the most important chemical stimulus for regulating respiratory rate. 
C)  Chemoreceptors in the walls of various arteries are sensitive to carbon dioxide levels in the blood. 
D)  A group of neurons in the ventral medulla only become active when we need to breathe forcefully. 
E)  Chemoreceptors may be sensitive to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and/or hydrogen ion concentration. 
A)  Respiratory centers in the medulla control the transition from inspiration to expiration. 
B)  Carbon dioxide concentration is the most important chemical stimulus for regulating respiratory rate. 
C)  Chemoreceptors in the walls of various arteries are sensitive to carbon dioxide levels in the blood. 
D)  A group of neurons in the ventral medulla only become active when we need to breathe forcefully. 
E)  Chemoreceptors may be sensitive to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and/or hydrogen ion concentration.

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: This structure contains the vocal cords.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Alveoli and Nasal cavity and Pharynx and is...

Question 20

Cilia lining the respiratory tubes beat mucus upward in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  moisten the bronchioles. 
B)  conduct the mucus that contains particles to the pharynx and away from the lungs. 
C)  provide mucus to the lungs to prevent them from dehydrating. 
D)  lubricate the throat for easier swallowing. 
E)  promote gas exchange by providing mucus for the respiratory surfaces. 
A)  moisten the bronchioles. 
B)  conduct the mucus that contains particles to the pharynx and away from the lungs. 
C)  provide mucus to the lungs to prevent them from dehydrating. 
D)  lubricate the throat for easier swallowing. 
E)  promote gas exchange by providing mucus for the respiratory surfaces.

Exam 46: Gas Exchange

Which of the following occurs in pulmonary emphysema?

The swim bladders of fishes function primarily in ventilation.

Which of the following best defines the Bohr effect?

The process of gas exchange in parabronchi is similar to:

Which of the following areas of the respiratory tract is lined with a single layer of epithelial cells?

Fick's law states that:

You have a significant reduction in the amount of pulmonary surfactant. What is the likely effect?

In fish, blood flows in a direction opposite to the flow of water over the gills in a process known as:

The efficient exchange of gases in gills is an example of countercurrent exchange.

Gases move freely across the walls of the bronchioles into the capillaries that surround them.

Which animal gets fresh air across the lungs through both inhalation and exhalation?

Which statement about the regulation of respiration is FALSE?

Cilia lining the respiratory tubes beat mucus upward in order to:

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