Question 1

DNA sequences that are methylated by a cell are usually genes that:

Accepted Answer

A)  have been replicated 
B)  are actively expressed. 
C)  are inactive. 
D)  are constitutive. 
E)  are repressed. 
A)  have been replicated 
B)  are actively expressed. 
C)  are inactive. 
D)  are constitutive. 
E)  are repressed.

Question 2

Lactose induces the transcription of the lactose operon by:

Accepted Answer

A)  binding to the allosteric site of the repressor after being converted to allolactose. 
B)  stimulating lactose metabolism in the cell. 
C)  binding to the glucose operon, making it inoperable. 
D)  binding to the allosteric site of RNA polymerase. 
E)  inhibiting the activity of CAP. 
A)  binding to the allosteric site of the repressor after being converted to allolactose. 
B)  stimulating lactose metabolism in the cell. 
C)  binding to the glucose operon, making it inoperable. 
D)  binding to the allosteric site of RNA polymerase. 
E)  inhibiting the activity of CAP.

Question 3

Genomic imprinting is an example of epigenetics.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The focus of gene regulation in multicellular organisms is on:

Accepted Answer

A)  operons. 
B)  the specificity of products in different tissues. 
C)  economizing resources at all levels. 
D)  rapid turnover of RNA molecules. 
E)  controlling the transcription of genes involved in resource use 
A)  operons. 
B)  the specificity of products in different tissues. 
C)  economizing resources at all levels. 
D)  rapid turnover of RNA molecules. 
E)  controlling the transcription of genes involved in resource use

Question 5

MATCHING
Match the type of gene regulation with the process.
a.regulation of transcription
d.regulation of translation
b.regulation of mRNA processing
e.regulation of chromatin
c.regulation of mRNA transport
-Exon/intron processing

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the type of gene regulation with...

Question 6

In eukaryotes, some DNA sequences act as introns in some cells and as exons in other cells.This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gene repression 
B)  mRNA splicing 
C)  gene amplification 
D)  differential mRNA processing 
E)  gene processing 
A)  gene repression 
B)  mRNA splicing 
C)  gene amplification 
D)  differential mRNA processing 
E)  gene processing

Question 7

The molecular switch that controls gene expression is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  the operon. 
B)  controller. 
C)  the operator. 
D)  repressor. 
E)  inducer. 
A)  the operon. 
B)  controller. 
C)  the operator. 
D)  repressor. 
E)  inducer.

Question 8

Bacterial enzymes that are part of a rarely used catabolic pathway are usually organized into a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  inducible operon 
B)  repressible operon 
C)  inducible zinc finger 
D)  repressible leucine zipper 
E)  inducible catabolon 
A)  inducible operon 
B)  repressible operon 
C)  inducible zinc finger 
D)  repressible leucine zipper 
E)  inducible catabolon

Question 9

A new operon is discovered in a bacterium.The control of this operon is affected by a protein that is made by another gene, and is made in an active form that binds to the DNA near the operon to prevent transcription.This is an example of __________ control.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  activational 
D)  repressing 
E)  inducing 
A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  activational 
D)  repressing 
E)  inducing

Question 10

Which of the following types of processing does eukaryotic mRNA NOT undergo before it becomes functional?

Accepted Answer

A)  splicing 
B)  capping 
C)  polyadenylation 
D)  removal of introns 
E)  protein proteolysis 
A)  splicing 
B)  capping 
C)  polyadenylation 
D)  removal of introns 
E)  protein proteolysis

Question 11

The researchers who first discovered the mechanism of control of a bacterial gene were:

Accepted Answer

A)  Hershey and Chase. 
B)  Griffith and Avery. 
C)  Watson and Crick. 
D)  Jacob and Monod. 
E)  McClintock and Morgan. 
A)  Hershey and Chase. 
B)  Griffith and Avery. 
C)  Watson and Crick. 
D)  Jacob and Monod. 
E)  McClintock and Morgan.

Question 12

Figure 14-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 14-1.The structure labeled 7 in the figure of the tryptophan operon is:

Accepted Answer

A)  an active repressor protein. 
B)  an inactive repressor protein. 
C)  an active RNA polymerase. 
D)  an inactive RNA polymerase. 
E)  a ribosome. 
A)  an active repressor protein. 
B)  an inactive repressor protein. 
C)  an active RNA polymerase. 
D)  an inactive RNA polymerase. 
E)  a ribosome.

Question 13

Define operons as they occur in bacterial cells.

Accepted Answer

Bacterial operons ar

Question 14

Translational controls regulate:

Accepted Answer

A)  the activity of a protein end-product that is produced. 
B)  the rate at which an mRNA molecule is translated. 
C)  the rate at which an mRNA molecule is synthesized. 
D)  the uptake of nucleic acids into the cell. 
E)  the attachment of phosphate groups to polypeptides. 
A)  the activity of a protein end-product that is produced. 
B)  the rate at which an mRNA molecule is translated. 
C)  the rate at which an mRNA molecule is synthesized. 
D)  the uptake of nucleic acids into the cell. 
E)  the attachment of phosphate groups to polypeptides.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the regulation of gene expression in bacteria is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genes can be turned on and off as environmental conditions change. 
B)  Constitutive genes producing enzymes that are more stable are transcribed at a slower rate. 
C)  Most gene regulation in bacteria occurs at the level of translation. 
D)  Constitutive genes encoding proteins required in large amounts are transcribed more rapidly than genes for proteins required in smaller amounts. 
E)  Constitutive genes with "strong" promoters bind RNA polymerase more frequently than genes with "weak" promoters. 
A)  Genes can be turned on and off as environmental conditions change. 
B)  Constitutive genes producing enzymes that are more stable are transcribed at a slower rate. 
C)  Most gene regulation in bacteria occurs at the level of translation. 
D)  Constitutive genes encoding proteins required in large amounts are transcribed more rapidly than genes for proteins required in smaller amounts. 
E)  Constitutive genes with "strong" promoters bind RNA polymerase more frequently than genes with "weak" promoters.

Question 16

Gene amplification involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the affinity of a gene to DNA polymerase. 
B)  extra replication of genes that specify a certain gene product only in cells needing this product. 
C)  improving the accuracy by which a gene is copied to produce an mRNA molecule. 
D)  enhancing the activity of RNA polymerase. 
E)  increasing the size of the gene that encodes a needed protein. 
A)  increasing the affinity of a gene to DNA polymerase. 
B)  extra replication of genes that specify a certain gene product only in cells needing this product. 
C)  improving the accuracy by which a gene is copied to produce an mRNA molecule. 
D)  enhancing the activity of RNA polymerase. 
E)  increasing the size of the gene that encodes a needed protein.

Question 17

Translational controls of protein levels in bacteria are governed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the rate at which small and large subunits of ribosomes assemble. 
B)  the rate at which the cap and tail of pre mRNA are removed. 
C)  the rate at which ribosomes attach to mRNA molecules. 
D)  the concentration of proteins in the cytoplasm. 
E)  the rate at which sugars are incorporated into the cell. 
A)  the rate at which small and large subunits of ribosomes assemble. 
B)  the rate at which the cap and tail of pre mRNA are removed. 
C)  the rate at which ribosomes attach to mRNA molecules. 
D)  the concentration of proteins in the cytoplasm. 
E)  the rate at which sugars are incorporated into the cell.

Question 18

The role of CAP in the lac operon is:

Accepted Answer

A)  repression of RNA polymerase binding to the promoter. 
B)  negative control of the lac operon. 
C)  enhancement of RNA polymerase binding to the promoter. 
D)  to inactivate the repressor by binding to its allosteric site. 
E)  the activation of allolactose binding to the repressor protein. 
A)  repression of RNA polymerase binding to the promoter. 
B)  negative control of the lac operon. 
C)  enhancement of RNA polymerase binding to the promoter. 
D)  to inactivate the repressor by binding to its allosteric site. 
E)  the activation of allolactose binding to the repressor protein.

Question 19

In an operon, the switch that controls mRNA synthesis is the promotor, which is a sequence of bases upstream from the first structural gene.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Bacteria rarely regulate gene products through:

Accepted Answer

A)  promoter sequences. 
B)  activator proteins. 
C)  repressor proteins. 
D)  protein degradation. 
E)  operons. 
A)  promoter sequences. 
B)  activator proteins. 
C)  repressor proteins. 
D)  protein degradation. 
E)  operons.

Exam 14: Gene Regulation

DNA sequences that are methylated by a cell are usually genes that:

Lactose induces the transcription of the lactose operon by:

Genomic imprinting is an example of epigenetics. __________________

The focus of gene regulation in multicellular organisms is on:

MATCHING Match the type of gene regulation with the process. a.regulation of transcription d.regulation of translation b.regulation of mRNA processing e.regulation of chromatin c.regulation of mRNA transport -Exon/intron processing

In eukaryotes, some DNA sequences act as introns in some cells and as exons in other cells.This is an example of __________.

The molecular switch that controls gene expression is known as:

Bacterial enzymes that are part of a rarely used catabolic pathway are usually organized into a(n) __________.

A new operon is discovered in a bacterium.The control of this operon is affected by a protein that is made by another gene, and is made in an active form that binds to the DNA near the operon to prevent transcription.This is an example of __________ control.

Which of the following types of processing does eukaryotic mRNA NOT undergo before it becomes functional?

The researchers who first discovered the mechanism of control of a bacterial gene were:

Figure 14-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 14-1.The structure labeled 7 in the figure of the tryptophan operon is:

Define operons as they occur in bacterial cells.

Translational controls regulate:

Which of the following statements about the regulation of gene expression in bacteria is false?

Gene amplification involves:

Translational controls of protein levels in bacteria are governed by:

The role of CAP in the lac operon is:

In an operon, the switch that controls mRNA synthesis is the promotor, which is a sequence of bases upstream from the first structural gene. __________________

Bacteria rarely regulate gene products through:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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