Question 1

The difference between taproot and fibrous root systems is that a taproot system:

Accepted Answer

A)  consists of many roots of the same size, while a fibrous root system has one main root with lateral roots. 
B)  consists of one main root with lateral roots, while a fibrous root system has many roots of the same size. 
C)  is characteristic of most monocots, while a fibrous root system is usually found in eudicots. 
D)  can be modified for storage, while a fibrous root system cannot. 
E)  is considered adventitious, while a fibrous root system is not. 
A)  consists of many roots of the same size, while a fibrous root system has one main root with lateral roots. 
B)  consists of one main root with lateral roots, while a fibrous root system has many roots of the same size. 
C)  is characteristic of most monocots, while a fibrous root system is usually found in eudicots. 
D)  can be modified for storage, while a fibrous root system cannot. 
E)  is considered adventitious, while a fibrous root system is not.

Question 2

Figure 36-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which of the following lists soil particles in order of increasing diameter?

Accepted Answer

A)  clay, sand, silt 
B)  clay, silt, sand 
C)  silt, sand, clay 
D)  silt, clay, sand 
E)  sand, silt, clay 
A)  clay, sand, silt 
B)  clay, silt, sand 
C)  silt, sand, clay 
D)  silt, clay, sand 
E)  sand, silt, clay

Question 3

MATCHING
Match the root tissue with its description.
a.cortex
e.phloem
b.endodermis
f.pith
c.epidermis
g.xylem
d.pericycle
-typically contains large intercellular spaces

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the root tissue with its description.
a.cortex
e.phloem
b.endodermis
f.pith
c.epidermis
g.xylem
d.pericycle
-typically...

Question 4

What would be the consequence for the plant if it lacked Casparian strips?

Accepted Answer

Casparian strips in the endodermis block

Question 5

Buttress roots help trees obtain oxygen from flooded soil.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

While working in a soil-testing laboratory, you are given a sample of a "typical" soil to analyze.Which of the following do you correctly conclude is present in the largest amount?

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  inorganic mineral particles 
C)  rocks 
D)  air 
E)  organic material 
A)  water 
B)  inorganic mineral particles 
C)  rocks 
D)  air 
E)  organic material

Question 7

Which of the following statements about acid precipitation is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can decrease soil pH. 
B)  It is implicated in forest decline. 
C)  It drops sulfuric and nitric acids on the Earth. 
D)  It is caused by human activities. 
E)  It prevents the leaching of essential cations. 
A)  It can decrease soil pH. 
B)  It is implicated in forest decline. 
C)  It drops sulfuric and nitric acids on the Earth. 
D)  It is caused by human activities. 
E)  It prevents the leaching of essential cations.

Question 8

The tropical rainforest trees form shallow roots concentrated near the surface in a mat few centimeters thick.These swollen bases or braces are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  prop roots. 
B)  pneumatophores. 
C)  aerial roots. 
D)  buttress roots. 
E)  velamen roots. 
A)  prop roots. 
B)  pneumatophores. 
C)  aerial roots. 
D)  buttress roots. 
E)  velamen roots.

Question 9

The __________ is a single layer of parenchyma cells that give rise to muticellular lateral roots.

Accepted Answer

A)  endodermis 
B)  periderm 
C)  cortex 
D)  vascular cambium 
E)  pericycle 
A)  endodermis 
B)  periderm 
C)  cortex 
D)  vascular cambium 
E)  pericycle

Question 10

The thick layers of cells covering and protecting the delicate apical meristem is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  root cap. 
B)  root hairs. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  adventitious root. 
E)  radicle. 
A)  root cap. 
B)  root hairs. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  adventitious root. 
E)  radicle.

Question 11

A typical soil is composed mostly of humus.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The portion of a mycorrhizal fungus that penetrates the cell walls of the root cortex is called an arbuscule.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The two major factors that contribute to the weathering of rock are climate and:

Accepted Answer

A)  inorganic minerals. 
B)  atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
C)  organisms. 
D)  aeration. 
E)  atmospheric oxygen.. 
A)  inorganic minerals. 
B)  atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
C)  organisms. 
D)  aeration. 
E)  atmospheric oxygen..

Question 14

Cation exchange between soil particles and root hairs is the process in which:

Accepted Answer

A)  protons are exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
B)  electrons are exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
C)  protons are exchanged for negatively charged mineral ions. 
D)  electrons are exchanged for negatively charged mineral ions. 
E)  water is exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
A)  protons are exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
B)  electrons are exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
C)  protons are exchanged for negatively charged mineral ions. 
D)  electrons are exchanged for negatively charged mineral ions. 
E)  water is exchanged for positively charged mineral ions.

Question 15

Lateral roots arise from cells of the cortex.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In the establishment of rhizobia in a legume, infection threads are found in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  stele. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  root hairs. 
D)  xylem. 
E)  phloem. 
A)  stele. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  root hairs. 
D)  xylem. 
E)  phloem.

Question 17

MATCHING
Match the root tissue with its description.
a.cortex
e.phloem
b.endodermis
f.pith
c.epidermis
g.xylem
d.pericycle
-Explain the process of soil formation by weathering.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Rocks are subject

Question 18

Which of the following elements is correctly matched with its major function in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus-alters membrane permeability 
B)  sulfur-essential part of chlorophyll 
C)  potassium-opens and closes stomata 
D)  carbon-maintains turgidity of cells 
E)  calcium-involved in nitrogen-fixation 
A)  phosphorus-alters membrane permeability 
B)  sulfur-essential part of chlorophyll 
C)  potassium-opens and closes stomata 
D)  carbon-maintains turgidity of cells 
E)  calcium-involved in nitrogen-fixation

Question 19

A root hair is an extension of an endodermal cell.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Unlike eudicot roots, the center of most monocot roots is occupied by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex. 
B)  pith. 
C)  phloem. 
D)  vascular cambium. 
E)  xylem. 
A)  cortex. 
B)  pith. 
C)  phloem. 
D)  vascular cambium. 
E)  xylem.

Exam 36: Roots and Mineral Nutrition

The difference between taproot and fibrous root systems is that a taproot system:

Figure 36-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which of the following lists soil particles in order of increasing diameter?

MATCHING Match the root tissue with its description. a.cortex e.phloem b.endodermis f.pith c.epidermis g.xylem d.pericycle -typically contains large intercellular spaces

What would be the consequence for the plant if it lacked Casparian strips?

Buttress roots help trees obtain oxygen from flooded soil. ____________________

While working in a soil-testing laboratory, you are given a sample of a "typical" soil to analyze.Which of the following do you correctly conclude is present in the largest amount?

Which of the following statements about acid precipitation is false?

The tropical rainforest trees form shallow roots concentrated near the surface in a mat few centimeters thick.These swollen bases or braces are called:

The __________ is a single layer of parenchyma cells that give rise to muticellular lateral roots.

The thick layers of cells covering and protecting the delicate apical meristem is called the:

A typical soil is composed mostly of humus. ____________________

The portion of a mycorrhizal fungus that penetrates the cell walls of the root cortex is called an arbuscule. ____________________

The two major factors that contribute to the weathering of rock are climate and:

Cation exchange between soil particles and root hairs is the process in which:

Lateral roots arise from cells of the cortex. ____________________

In the establishment of rhizobia in a legume, infection threads are found in the:

MATCHING Match the root tissue with its description. a.cortex e.phloem b.endodermis f.pith c.epidermis g.xylem d.pericycle -Explain the process of soil formation by weathering.

Which of the following elements is correctly matched with its major function in plants?

A root hair is an extension of an endodermal cell. ____________________

Unlike eudicot roots, the center of most monocot roots is occupied by the:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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